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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- LABOR MARKET ISSUES (15)
- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (13)
- Regional policy and planning (11)
- Michigan studies (8)
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- Job creation (6)
- State policy (6)
- Job quality (5)
- Living standards (5)
- United States (5)
- Economic development (4)
- Great Recession (4)
- Human capital (4)
- Industry studies (4)
- WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT (4)
- Workforce development (4)
- Business and tax incentives (3)
- Canada (3)
- Economic growth (3)
- Economic impact (3)
- Employment insurance (3)
- Employment relationships (3)
- Grocery industry (3)
- Grocery stores (3)
- Job growth (3)
- LFPR (3)
- Labor force outcomes (3)
- Labor force participation (3)
- Mexico (3)
- Mississippi (3)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 32
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
A Methodology For Setting State And Local Regression-Adjusted Performance Targets For Workforce Investment Act Programs, Randall W. Eberts, Wei-Jang Huang, Jing Cai
A Methodology For Setting State And Local Regression-Adjusted Performance Targets For Workforce Investment Act Programs, Randall W. Eberts, Wei-Jang Huang, Jing Cai
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Beginning with PY2009, the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA) adopted a regression-adjusted approach for setting national targets for several federal workforce development programs, including WIA Adult, Dislocated Worker, and Youth programs. Prior to that time, national targets were based on past performance and the desire to encourage continuous improvement in the workforce programs. The continuous improvement approach typically increased target levels from year to year without a systematic way of accounting for changes in economic conditions or the ability to meet previous targets. The onset of the 2007–2009 recession drew into question this practice, and the …
Return On Investment In Workforce Development Programs, Kevin M. Hollenbeck
Return On Investment In Workforce Development Programs, Kevin M. Hollenbeck
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Under more and more fiscal scrutiny because of shrinking state and local budgets, workforce development programs are being asked to estimate their return on investment (ROI). This paper introduces basic concepts of ROI in workforce development programs. It distinguishes ROIs estimated for workforce programs from those that are estimated for financial investments or capital projects. The paper furthermore exposits the basic ingredients of an ROI study—identification of the treatment and time periods of analysis, identification of the net impacts of the program, and identification of net costs. Finally, the paper presents results from the estimation of the ROI for postsecondary …
Part-Time And Short Hours In Retail In The United States, Canada, And Mexico: How Institutions Matter, Françoise Carré, Chris Tilly
Part-Time And Short Hours In Retail In The United States, Canada, And Mexico: How Institutions Matter, Françoise Carré, Chris Tilly
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Implementation Of The American Recovery And Reinvestment Act: Workforce Development And Unemployment Insurance Provisions, Burt S. Barnow, Jing Cai, Yvette Chocolaad, Randall W. Eberts, Richard A. Hobbie, Joyce Kaiser, Tara Smith, John Trutko, Wayne Vroman, Stephen A. Wandner
Implementation Of The American Recovery And Reinvestment Act: Workforce Development And Unemployment Insurance Provisions, Burt S. Barnow, Jing Cai, Yvette Chocolaad, Randall W. Eberts, Richard A. Hobbie, Joyce Kaiser, Tara Smith, John Trutko, Wayne Vroman, Stephen A. Wandner
External Papers and Reports
No abstract provided.
Economic And Fiscal Impact Of The Proposed South Haven Community Event Center, George A. Erickcek
Economic And Fiscal Impact Of The Proposed South Haven Community Event Center, George A. Erickcek
Reports
No abstract provided.
The Impacts Of Macomb Community College On The Economy Of Macomb County, George A. Erickcek, Kevin M. Hollenbeck
The Impacts Of Macomb Community College On The Economy Of Macomb County, George A. Erickcek, Kevin M. Hollenbeck
Reports
No abstract provided.
The Debate Over The State Of U.S. Manufacturing: How The Computer Industry Affects The Numbers And Perceptions, Susan N. Houseman
The Debate Over The State Of U.S. Manufacturing: How The Computer Industry Affects The Numbers And Perceptions, Susan N. Houseman
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
What Works In Forming A Successful Employer Resource Network?, Bridget F. Timmeney, Kevin M. Hollenbeck
What Works In Forming A Successful Employer Resource Network?, Bridget F. Timmeney, Kevin M. Hollenbeck
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
An Analysis Of The Employment Effects Of The Washington High Technology Business And Occupation (B&O) Tax Credit: Technical Report, Timothy J. Bartik, Kevin M. Hollenbeck
An Analysis Of The Employment Effects Of The Washington High Technology Business And Occupation (B&O) Tax Credit: Technical Report, Timothy J. Bartik, Kevin M. Hollenbeck
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
This paper estimates the effects of an R&D tax credit in the state of Washington on job creation. The research uses micro-data on the job creation and tax credits received by individual firms in the state of Washington from 2004 to 2009. We correct for the endogeneity of R&D tax credits received by individual firms by using instrumental variables based in part on national industry factor shares for R&D. We estimate that this tax credit created jobs, but at a high cost. The cost per job-year created is estimated to be between $40,000 and $50,000. The credit was so high …
Simulating The Effects Of Michigan's Mega Tax Credit Program On Job Creation And Fiscal Benefits, Timothy J. Bartik, George A. Erickcek
Simulating The Effects Of Michigan's Mega Tax Credit Program On Job Creation And Fiscal Benefits, Timothy J. Bartik, George A. Erickcek
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
This paper simulates job and fiscal impacts of Michigan’s MEGA tax credit program for job creation. Under plausible assumptions about how such credits affect business location decisions, the net costs per job created of the MEGA program are simulated to be of modest size. The job creation impacts of MEGA are simulated to be considerably larger than devoting similar dollar resources to general business tax cuts. The simulation methodology developed here is applicable to incentives in other states.
Discrimination And The Effects Of Drug Testing On Black Employment, Abigail Wozniak
Discrimination And The Effects Of Drug Testing On Black Employment, Abigail Wozniak
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Nearly half of U.S. employers test job applicants and workers for drugs. I use variation in the timing and nature of drug testing regulation to study discrimination against blacks related to perceived drug use. Black employment in the testing sector is suppressed in the absence of testing, consistent with ex ante discrimination on the basis of drug use perceptions. Adoption of pro-testing legislation increases black employment in the testing sector by 7–30 percent and relative wages by 1.4–13.0 percent, with the largest shifts among low skilled black men. Results suggest that employers substitute white women for blacks in the absence …
North Carolina's Unemployment Insurance System: A Simulation And Policy Analysis, Christopher J. O'Leary, James Van Erden
North Carolina's Unemployment Insurance System: A Simulation And Policy Analysis, Christopher J. O'Leary, James Van Erden
Reports
The W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research (Upjohn) in partnership with the Center for Employment Security Education and Research (CESER) in the National Association of State Workforce Agencies (NASWA) has been contracted by the North Carolina Department of Commerce (Department) to develop options for improving the North Carolina unemployment insurance (UI) benefit financing system. The work will also review alternative financial management strategies to regain and maintain solvency of the North Carolina account in the Unemployment Trust Fund (UTF) and to service debt to the federal government under Title XII of the US Social Security Act.
Talent 2025 Update Brief: Regional Workforce Demand And System Flows, George A. Erickcek, Brian Pittelko, Bridget F. Timmeney, Brad R. Watts
Talent 2025 Update Brief: Regional Workforce Demand And System Flows, George A. Erickcek, Brian Pittelko, Bridget F. Timmeney, Brad R. Watts
Reports
No abstract provided.
Tracking The Transition Of Michigan's Displaced Auto Workers During Significant Restructuring In The Auto Industry, Randall W. Eberts, Kenneth J. Kline
Tracking The Transition Of Michigan's Displaced Auto Workers During Significant Restructuring In The Auto Industry, Randall W. Eberts, Kenneth J. Kline
Reports
No abstract provided.
Identification Of The Common Salient Characteristics Of Successful Intergovernmental Cooperation And Consolidation Of Governmental Services In Kent County, George A. Erickcek, Brad R. Watts
Identification Of The Common Salient Characteristics Of Successful Intergovernmental Cooperation And Consolidation Of Governmental Services In Kent County, George A. Erickcek, Brad R. Watts
Reports
No abstract provided.
Mediating Incentive Use: A Time-Series Assessment Of Economic Development Deals In North Carolina, T. William Lester, Nichola Lowe, Allan Freyer
Mediating Incentive Use: A Time-Series Assessment Of Economic Development Deals In North Carolina, T. William Lester, Nichola Lowe, Allan Freyer
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
State incentive granting for the purpose of firm retention or recruitment remains highly controversial and is often portrayed as antithetical to long-range economic development planning. This paper uses quasi-experimental methods to measure the impact of state-level economic development incentives on employment growth at the establishment level in North Carolina. Using North Carolina’s rich history of strategic planning and sector-based economic development as a backdrop, we develop a theory of sectoral “mediation.” This enables us to compare the effectiveness of incentives offered in mediated and nonmediated industries and show that when incentives are coupled with sectoral economic development efforts they generate …
What Determines Public Pension Investment Risk-Taking Policy?, Nancy Mohan, Ting Zhang
What Determines Public Pension Investment Risk-Taking Policy?, Nancy Mohan, Ting Zhang
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Short Hours, Long Hours: Hour Levels And Trends In The Retail Industry In The United States, Canada, And Mexico, Françoise Carré, Chris Tilly
Short Hours, Long Hours: Hour Levels And Trends In The Retail Industry In The United States, Canada, And Mexico, Françoise Carré, Chris Tilly
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
In settings where most workers have full-time schedules, hourly wages are appropriate primary indicators of job quality and worker outcomes. However, in sectors where full-time schedules do not dominate—primarily service-producing activities—total hours matter, in addition to hourly wages, for job quality and worker outcomes. In this paper we employ a sector-focused, comparative framework to further examine hours levels—measured as average weekly hours—and trends in Canada, the United States, and Mexico. We analyze the retail sector, which is of interest because of its high rate of part-time employment in the U.S. Based on our fieldwork in the United States and Mexico …
Work Hours In Retail: Room For Improvement, Françoise J. Carré, Chris Tilly
Work Hours In Retail: Room For Improvement, Françoise J. Carré, Chris Tilly
Upjohn Institute Policy Papers
With full-time jobs, hourly wages are appropriate primary indicators of job quality. However, in sectors where full-time schedules do not dominate, total hours matter for job quality and worker outcomes. We explored hour levels and trends in retail trade and its largest subsector, grocery stores. Retail is known for part-time and short shifts. With a comparison of retail hours in three countries—the United States, Canada, and Mexico—we contribute insights into aspects of the U.S. policy and regulatory systems that could be altered in order to improve retail jobs.
Labor Force Participation In Mississippi And Other Southern States, Marta Lachowska, Stephen A. Woodbury
Labor Force Participation In Mississippi And Other Southern States, Marta Lachowska, Stephen A. Woodbury
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Labor Force Participation In Mississippi And Other Southern States: Final Report, Marta Lachowska, Stephen A. Woodbury
Labor Force Participation In Mississippi And Other Southern States: Final Report, Marta Lachowska, Stephen A. Woodbury
Upjohn Institute Technical Reports
Labor force participation is a key social indicator because the economic performance of a state and the well-being of its residents are closely tied to labor force outcomes. Together, the labor force participation rate (LFPR) and the unemployment rate are of paramount concern to state governments because living standards and consumption are so closely tied to work and earnings from employment.
Mississippi has historically had one of the lowest LFPRs in the United States.
The purpose of this report is threefold:
• to describe the LFPR gap between Mississippi and other Southern states during the last 35 years
• to …
Labor Force Participation In Mississippi And Other Southern States: Summary Report, Marta Lachowska, Stephen A. Woodbury
Labor Force Participation In Mississippi And Other Southern States: Summary Report, Marta Lachowska, Stephen A. Woodbury
Upjohn Institute Technical Reports
Labor force participation is a key social indicator because the economic performance of a state and the well-being of its residents are closely tied to labor force outcomes. Together, the labor force participation rate (LFPR) and the unemployment rate are of paramount concern to state governments because work and earnings from employment are central determinants of living standards.
Resolving America's Human Capital Paradox: A Jobs Compact For The Future, Thomas A. Kochan
Resolving America's Human Capital Paradox: A Jobs Compact For The Future, Thomas A. Kochan
Upjohn Institute Policy Papers
It is widely recognized that human capital is essential to sustaining a competitive economy at high and rising living standards. Yet acceptance of persistent high unemployment, stagnant wages, and other indicators of declining job quality suggests that policymakers and employers undervalue human capital. This paper traces the root cause of this apparent paradox to the primacy afforded shareholder value over human resource considerations in American firms and the longstanding gridlock over employment policy. I suggest that a new jobs compact will be needed to close the deficit in jobs lost in the recent recession and to achieve sustained real wage …
America's Human Capital Paradox, Thomas A. Kochan
America's Human Capital Paradox, Thomas A. Kochan
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
It is widely recognized that human capital is essential to sustaining a competitive economy at high and rising living standards. Yet acceptance of persistent high unemployment, stagnant wages, and other indicators of declining job quality suggests that policymakers and employers undervalue human capital. This paper traces the root cause of this apparent paradox to the primacy afforded shareholder value over human resource considerations in American firms and the longstanding gridlock over employment policy. I suggest that a new jobs compact will be needed to close the deficit in jobs lost in the recent recession and to achieve sustained real wage …
Retiree Health Benefits As Deferred Compensation: Evidence From The Health And Retirement Study, James Marton, Stephen A. Woodbury
Retiree Health Benefits As Deferred Compensation: Evidence From The Health And Retirement Study, James Marton, Stephen A. Woodbury
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Are early retiree health benefits (RHBs) a form of deferred compensation that binds workers to an employer? Most employers who offer RHBs offer them only to workers who have 10 or more years of tenure with the firm and have reached age 55. Accordingly, workers in firms offering RHBs have an incentive to stay with a firm in the years before they attain eligibility for RHBs, and a greater incentive than otherwise to retire thereafter. We test for the existence of such a pattern of incentives by examining the age-specific relationship between workers’ eligibility for RHBs and retirement. The findings …
Public Pension Crisis And Investment Risk Taking: Underfunding, Fiscal Constraints, Public Accounting, And Policy Implications, Nancy Mohan, Ting Zhang
Public Pension Crisis And Investment Risk Taking: Underfunding, Fiscal Constraints, Public Accounting, And Policy Implications, Nancy Mohan, Ting Zhang
Upjohn Institute Policy Papers
Public pension funds that cover retirement benefits for almost 20 million active or retired employees have been significantly underfunded. An important, though largely overlooked, issue related to pension underfunding is the excessive investment risk levels assumed by public plans. Our analysis suggests government accounting standards strongly affect public fund investment risk, as higher return assumptions (used to discount pension liabilities) are associated with higher investment risk. Public funds undertake more risk if they are underfunded and have lower investment returns in previous years, consistent with the risk transfer hypothesis. Furthermore, pension funds in states facing fiscal constraints allocate more assets …
Reconnecting To Work: Policies To Mitigate Long-Term Unemployment And Its Consequences, Lauren D. Appelbaum Editor
Reconnecting To Work: Policies To Mitigate Long-Term Unemployment And Its Consequences, Lauren D. Appelbaum Editor
Upjohn Press
The goal of this book is to enable a better understanding of the consequences of long-term unemployment and the policies that are needed to address it. The contributors present research that examines the psychological as well as economic consequences of experiencing a prolonged spell of joblessness. Included are discussions of policies to increase job creation and to get the long-term unemployed back into jobs.
Indicators, Dashboards, Benchmarks, And Scorecards In Regional Economic Development: Lessons Learned, George A. Erickcek
Indicators, Dashboards, Benchmarks, And Scorecards In Regional Economic Development: Lessons Learned, George A. Erickcek
Employment Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Employer Resource Networks: What Works In Forming A Successful Ern?, Bridget Timmeney, Kevin M. Hollenbeck
Employer Resource Networks: What Works In Forming A Successful Ern?, Bridget Timmeney, Kevin M. Hollenbeck
Reports
No abstract provided.
Employment Growth From Public Support Of Innovation In Small Firms, Albert N. Link, John T. Scott
Employment Growth From Public Support Of Innovation In Small Firms, Albert N. Link, John T. Scott
Upjohn Press
Link and Scott provide a statistical assessment of the employment growth associated with public support of R&D in small, entrepreneurial firms through the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program.