Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Use Of Communication Media In Wetland Fisheries Development Of Assam, Ganesh Chandra

Ganesh Chandra

The study was carried out in 21 districts of Assam. Two categories of respondents, namely fishers (106 nos) of floodplain wetlands and lower level field extension functionaries (30 officials) constituted the sample for the study. The study revealed that the interpersonal communication sources like consultation with Fisheries Extention Officer Beel manager and scientists were the most important sources for obtaining information on new, improved practices. Demonstration and consultation with progressive farmers were assigned second and third rank. Field extension functionaries preferred group discussion as the main source of extension programme followed by demonstration, fisheries publication and field day/ fish farmers' …

Constraints In Adoption Of Moongbean Production Technology In Sundarban, West Bengal, Ganesh Chandra

Ganesh Chandra

The new agricultural technologies are considered to be the prime mover to the process of agricultural development in India. Understanding farmers’ perceptions of a given technology is crucial in the generation and diffusion of new technologies and farm household information dissemination. Pulses in India have long been considered as the poor man’s only source of protein. Moongbean (green gram) is one of the important pulse crop in India, plays a major role in augmenting the income of small and marginal farmers of Sundarban. Constraints are the circumstances or causes, which prohibit farmer to adopt improved farm technology. This constraint study …

Wie Verändert Das Internet Die Demokratie?, Ralf Lindner

Ralf Lindner

Obwohl seit dem Aufstieg des Internets zum Massenmedium in den 1990er Jahren Ernüchterung über die Demokratisierungswirkung der neuen Medien eingetreten ist, werden regelmäßig weitreichende Erwartungen über der politische Transformationspotenzial des Internets formuliert. So wird häufig postuliert, dass das Internet demokratische Politik über kurz oder lang fundamental verändern werde, indem universeller Informationszugang ermöglicht, etablierte Machtstrukturen unterminiert und politische Partizipation gesteigert werde. Der Beitrag erörtert zunächst die Hintergründe für populäre Fehlschlüsse, die die Debatte um elektronische Demokratie begleiten. Auf der Grundlage einer kritischen Reflexion mit den ideologisch-normativ imprägnierten Erwartungen an das Internet werden theoretisch wie empirisch robustere Überlegungen zum Beitrag der neuen …

After Privacy: The Rise Of Facebook, The Fall Of Wikileaks, And Singapore’S Personal Data Protection Act 2012, Simon Chesterman

Simon Chesterman

This article discusses the changing ways in which information is produced, stored, and shared — exemplified by the rise of social-networking sites like Facebook and controversies over the activities of WikiLeaks — and the implications for privacy and data protection. Legal protections of privacy have always been reactive, but the coherence of any legal regime has also been undermined by the lack of a strong theory of what privacy is. There is more promise in the narrower field of data protection. Singapore, which does not recognise a right to privacy, has positioned itself as an e-commerce hub but had no …

Understanding Internet By Understanding Google, Zakir Hossain

Zakir Hossain

"Google is the most interesting institution in the world right now. It is working its way into our consciousness and daily lives at a remarkable rate that is unmatched by any company in human history. And it is doing so in a fairly novel way through the aggregation of our choices. We are choosing to use Google every day. We are not forced or seduced into using it" according to Siva Vaidhyanathan. This presentation may help you to be understood what Google is and how it dominates Internet. Happy reading

Governance In Nigerian Universities: The Position Of The University Internal Auditor, Professor Ben C Osisioma

Prof Ben Chuka Osisioma

The University system is committed to the principles of good governance which ensure that the Institution is ‚fit for its purpose‛ as an organization put in place for teaching, research and consultancy and professional services to the community. The principles demand a response to the challenge of operational dexterity, technical ingenuity, strategic relevance, African persona and political deftness as part of the task of modernization of the governance of higher education. The task of the Internal Auditor is five-fold – to provide transparency and act as an advisory body to senior management, to identify underperforming areas and opportunities for improvement …

Breve Perspectiva Crítica Sobre El Gobierno Abierto Y El Open Data, Lucas Jolías, Alejandro Prince

Lucas Jolías

Las ciberculturas y sus apóstoles aportan cada tanto tiempo y de forma incremental, nuevos conceptos o memes, es decir, unidades teóricas de información cultural transmisibles entre individuos, mentes o generaciones. Algunos de estos conceptos son vacíos, otros son comerciales, varios son sólo nuevos nombres de viejas ideas, pero todos de alguna manera connotan los cambios o tendencias de lo que en forma general podemos denominar la Sociedad del Conocimiento. Algunos de estos conceptos mueren a poco de nacer, otros cobran fuerza y vida propia (como la “web 2.0”), suman fans o detractores, y hasta se institucionalizan. De estos, y entre …

Presupuesto Participativo En Argentina: Análisis De Su Evolución Y Estudio De Caso, Lucas Jolías, Alejandro Prince, Ana Doria

Lucas Jolías

Las sociedades de los países occidentales con sistemas democráticos representativos están tendiendo, en los últimos tiempos, a implementar políticas públicas de Democracia Directa y Semi-Directa, a través de acciones y políticas participativas con la intervención de los ciudadanos en las decisiones de gobierno. El Presupuesto Participativo se convirtió en uno de los procesos más consolidados y genuinos de este tipo de ejercicio de democracia. En la Argentina, desde comienzos de siglo, algunos municipios han comenzado a implementar esta práctica, sin embargo, son al día de hoy experiencias esporádicas y no existe una marco común de acción que las agrupe. En …

Fostering Development Of Mentoring And Reverse Mentoring Skills Among Public Relations Undergraduates, Douglas J. Swanson Ed.D Apr, Betsy A. Hays M.A., Apr, Julie Henderson Ph.D., Apr, Fellow Prsa

Douglas J. Swanson, Ed.D APR

Mentoring and reverse mentoring have gotten a lot of attention in the academic and professional literature in other disciplines (accounting, management, nursing, the sciences, etc.). But these concepts haven’t been addressed much in public relations. We believe that if these practices were more fully integrated into the undergraduate curriculum, our students would be more prepared to participate in mentoring in the professional environment, as well as launch careers as independent PR practitioners. The purpose of our panel discussion is to briefly share our experiences in regard to mentoring, reverse mentoring, and entrepreneurship. We’ll talk about what our research and our …

Foreign Language Exposure, Cultural Threat, And Opposition To Immigration, Benjamin J. Newman, Todd K. Hartman, Charles S. Taber

Todd K. Hartman

In the present article, we extend the notion of cultural threat posed by immigrants beyond its current conceptualization as symbolic, collective-level threats to American culture and identity. Instead, we argue that routine encounters with non-English-speaking immigrants cause many individuals to feel threatened because of real barriers to interpersonal communication and exchange. We draw upon survey and experimental data to demonstrate that local contact with immigrants who speak little to no English, as well as incidental exposure to the Spanish language, heighten feelings of cultural threat, which increases anti-immigrant sentiment and policy preferences.

[Impact Factor: 1.614 (2011); Rank: 12 of 148 …

Walled Gardens: Privacy Within Public Leisure Space Online And Offline, Payal Arora

Payal Arora

Social network sites are the new urban parks where people congregate, socialize and exercise leisure. Its web architectures however are being walled in, dictated by market systems and State ideologies. These cyber-enclosures are justified along the lines of privacy that garners protection, efficiency and functionality. There is significant concern for the potential irrevocable loss of the ‘public’ and ‘open’ character intended of internet infrastructures, fearing the fostering of social segregation, homogenization and corporatization of leisure and a loss of civic sense. This paper addresses these concerns by looking at contemporary material architectures that are shaping public social and leisure space, …

Developing Students’ Research Skills In The Undergraduate Public Relations Writing Course: A Framework For ‘Real World’ Success., Douglas J. Swanson Ed.D Apr

Douglas J. Swanson, Ed.D APR

Those of us who teach in higher education are in a time of continually diminishing resources. Our budgets have been cut, but our class sizes and teaching loads continue to increase. There’s an unceasing drumbeat from the profession to better prepare our students with social media skills demanded in the workplace (Cahill, 2009). In the education of public relations undergraduates in particular, there seems to never be enough time or resources for faculty to teach students all the new skills needed – let alone the basics. Outside of class, faculty struggle to find time for research. Our long-delayed projects sit …

Assessment Of Student Learning In The Department Of Communications: A Successful Faculty Collaboration, Douglas J. Swanson Ed.D Apr

Douglas J. Swanson, Ed.D APR

As recently as 2010, our department was noted for its inability to operationalize a program of assessment of student learning. Although several faculty members had presented strong and noteworthy proposals, the department as a whole had not implemented any assessment plan. In January 2011, the department was represented at the university’s assessment retreat. At that time, a four-year plan was developed that identifies seven learning outcomes for all Communications majors and has procedures for measuring and evaluating student learning across the core curriculum and all five of the subject concentrations. Extensive supportive policy was developed. Documentation was made available to …

Paraguay Y Las Crisis Presidenciales En América Latina, Augusto Reina, Lucas Jolias

Augusto Reina

La elección de Lugo en el 2008 dio comienzo a una primavera de esperanza para la democracia paraguaya. Luego de 60 años de hegemonía del Partido Colorado, la oposición logró llegar al poder y se comenzó a abrir la puerta a la estabilización del régimen democrático. A solo 10 meses de la próxima elección presidencial y 3 años y medio de la elección de Lugo, esa primavera se diluyo con un destitución express. La debilidad de la coalición gobernante formada por Lugo y la hegemonía de la Alianza Nacional Republicana-Partido Colorado (ANR-PC), que cuenta con 9 de las 17 gobernaciones …

Typology Of Web 2.0 Spheres: Understanding The Cultural Dimensions Of Social Media Spaces, Payal Arora

Payal Arora

It has taken the past decade to commonly acknowledge that online space is tethered to real place. From euphoric conceptualizations of social media spaces as a novel, unprecedented and revolutionary entity, the dust has settled, allowing for talk of boundaries and ties to real-world settings. Metaphors have been instrumental in this pursuit, shaping perceptions and affecting actions within this extended structural realm. Specifically, they have been harnessed to architect Web 2.0 spaces, be it chatrooms, electronic frontiers, homepages, or information highways for policy and practice. While metaphors are pervasive in addressing and normalizing new media spaces, there is less effort …

Preserving Social Media: Opening A Multi-Disciplinary Dialogue, Lisa P. Nathan, Elizabeth M. Shaffer

Elizabeth M. Shaffer

Digital artefacts generated through use of social media tools= have potential long-term value to individuals, organizations and societies. If there is a desire to systematically collect and preserve accounts of daily life, government activities, and societies’ documentary heritage, archival approaches must account for changing information systems—the tools, policies, and practices through which we engage in the contemporary information ecosystem. Through this paper we argue that in light of the growing complexity of digital information practices, particularly in relation to the use of social media, archivists need look to the scholarship of design and planning, in particular the work of human …

Proximity And Matthew Effect In Co-Authorship Pattern Of Iranian Top Universities, Mahmood Khosrowjerdi, Neda Zeraatkar, Marzieh Hajipoor

Mahmood Khosrowjerdi

Co-authorship is used to measure scholarly collaborations of countries, institutions, and individuals. It refers to the process in which two or more authors or researchers collaborate with each other to create a joint-work through collaboration methods and channels. Although many studies have been conducted to analyze the individual or field co-authorships in Iran, a little have concerned the organisational co-authorships in this country. This study aims to analyze organisational coauthorships among Iranian top universities based on proximity rule and Matthew effect. Data were limited to published articles affiliated to top universities in Iran and extracted from the Web of Science …

Tolerance Is Law: Remixing Homage Parodying Plagiarism, Mathias Klang, Jan Nolin

Mathias Klang

Three centuries have passed since copyright law was developed to stimulate creativity and promote learning. The fundamental principles still apply, despite radical developments in the technology of production and distribution of cultural material. In particular the last decades’ developments and adoption of ICTs have drastically lowered barriers, which previously prevented entry into the production and distribution side of the cultural marketplace, and led to a widening of the base at which cultural production occurs and is disseminated. Additionally, digitalisation has made it economically and technically feasible for users to appropriate and manipulate earlier works as method of production. The renegotiation …

Relic Texts, James Watts

James Watts

Religious traditions typically ritualize their scriptures in three dimensions. Other kinds of texts may be ritualized in one or two dimensions (e.g. the performative dimension of the scripts of plays or sheet music, the semantic dimension of national law codes), but the regular ritualization of a text in all three dimensions usually distinguishes it as a scripture or sacred text. There are, however, some texts or, more accurately, some specific copies of texts, that tend to be ritualized only in the iconic dimension, and scriptures feature prominently among them. I term such texts “relic books.” Relic books are writings that …

Plan De Tesis: La Representación De La Niñez Y Adolescencia En Los Medios Escritos, Andres Sefla

ANDRES SEFLA

Los medios de comunicación tradicionalmente se han constituido como mediadores de la sociedad, interponiéndose, a manera de filtro, entre la sociedad y los hechos políticos, económicos, culturales y sociales que interesadamente son susceptibles de ser informados. Por ello, se dice que los medios son reproductores de la sociedad, puesto que a través de las narrativas producen sentidos sobre el mundo, es decir, éstos generan imágenes o cosmovisiones sobre el ámbito de referencia al cual se lancen para transmitir o publicar en sus emisiones o páginas informativas. En este sentido, la información es un hecho comunicativo inherente a la cultura mediática …

Citizens’ Perceptions Of Data Protection And Privacy In Europe, Dara Hallinan, Michael Friedewald, Paul Mccarthy

Michael Friedewald

Data protection and privacy gain social importance as technology and data flows play an ever greater role in shaping social structure. Despite this, understanding of public opinion on these issues is conspicuously lacking. This article is a meta-analysis of public opinion surveys on data protection and privacy focussed on EU citizens. The article firstly considers the understanding and awareness of the legal framework for protection as a solid manifestation of the complex concepts of data protection and privacy. This is followed by a consideration of perceptions of privacy and data protection in relation to other social goals, focussing on the …

Winning The Story War: Strategic Communication And The Conflict In Afghanistan, George Dimitriu

George Dimitriu

In conflicts of the information age success in the application of force depends less on the outcome of tactical operations on the battlefields but more on how the war's purpose, course and conduct is viewed by public opinion at home as well as within the theatre of operations. Therefore western allies in Iraq and Afghanistan are not only involved in a physical struggle but also in a struggle over perceptions, for no long-term engagement of troops is possible without support from home, nor can a counterinsurgency succeed without the support of the local population. While the ability to exert influence …

Press Release 3rd Intl Symposium On Cross Sector Social Interactions: Making A Diffeence: Enhancing The Impact Of Partnerships For The Social Good, Maria May Seitanidi

Maria May Seitanidi

Leading academics from around the world including The Netherlands, France, the UK, the US and Canada, discussed at the Rotterdam School of Management-Erasmus University, on 24th and 25th May 2012, how to enhance the impact of partnerships while contributing to the social good by delivering policies, programmes and actions and encouraging the collaboration between business, nonprofits, governements and citizens.

Designing An Information-Experience Using Creativity Science & Tools, Stephanie Belhomme

Stephanie Belhomme

An “information-experience” encapsulated by a technological/digital audio-visual tool presents data and potentially meaningful information to prompt actionable knowledge concerning: “unspoken creative process elements;” their profound impacts on both how well our “physiology of creativity” functions but also; how well foundational creative thinking and behavioral prerequisites (energy, motivation, imagination, and ownership) are leveraged.

The product: 1) introduces the user to one component of the CPS (Creative Problem Solving) Facilitation Process - Exploring the Challenge; 2) features a content specific component which prompts exploration of the many correlations between societal, organizational / community, human physiological / behavioral data, and the direct relationships …

Venezuela Y Las Incertidumbre Electorales, Augusto Reina

Augusto Reina

Con trece años al frente del Poder Ejecutivo de Venezuela, Chávez es el presidente más longevo de América Latina. La inesperada noticia de su enfermedad es el sacudón que más incertidumbre ha introducido al proceso electoral venezolano que promete ser una de los eventos políticas más seguidos del año. La popularidad del presidente Chávez ha sido muy volátil desde que se dio a conocer su enfermedad. Una corriente de empatía inicial le ha reportado mejores niveles de imagen y aún conserva buena parte de su capital político. Pero ahora que dio a conocer una recaída y una vuelta a los …

Heritage, Records & Trust: Understanding SocietyʼS Past Through Social Media?, Elizabeth M. Shaffer, Lisa P. Nathan

Elizabeth M. Shaffer

The relationship between the archival concept of the record requires examination and analysis in a social media context. If there is a desire to systematically collect and preserve accounts of daily life, archival theory must account for changing information systems, both the tools and the practices through which we engage them. At the same time system designers need to draw upon contemporary archival theory. The field of human computer interaction is uniquely positioned to work with archivists to both inform archival theory and to be informed by archival theory in recognition of the longer-term, multi-lifespan functions information systems play in …

Academic Honor Societies Promote Both The Access And Quality Agendas, Jayne M. Comstock

Jayne Marie Comstock

Finally, more people are making the connection: We must link access and quality in higher education if we are to fully address education as the key civil rights issue of our time.

Estrategia Malvinas: Mantener La Llama Encendida, Augusto Reina

Augusto Reina

Una forma de analizar las estrategias de comunicación es según sus objetivos tanto de mínima como de máxima. ¿Cuáles de ellos se cumplieron?, ¿cuales falta cumplir?, ¿Que sucesos positivos-negativos se desencadenaron llevando a cabo la estrategia? En el presente artículo se desarrolla un análisis de la estrategia desarrollado por el gobierno argentino durante el 2012, para hacer notar su reclamo sobre la soberania de Malvinas.

Information Literacy In The Workplace: A Cross-Cultural Perspective, Yuhfen Diana H. Wu

Diana H. Wu

This cross-cultural study has two main purposes: to investigate how information literacy is perceived in the workplace and to discover how employees obtain information to carry out their jobs in an effective and timely fashion. This project applies a mix of research methods, including site visits, interviews, and a survey. More than 120 participants from forty companies were involved in this study. They were from a wide variety of industries in Taiwan and Silicon Valley, in Northern California, where many companies base offices or operations from around the world. Major obstacles in conducting cross-continent research are cost, time demands, scheduling, …

¡Mujer, Todavía Queda Mucho Por Luchar!, Andres Sefla

ANDRES SEFLA

Artículo de opinión que habla sobre la tarea social que tenemos todas las personas para reafirmar el rol activo de la mujer, y que no solamente se quede en la llana celebración de un día, como lo fue el "Día internacional de la Mujer". Se trata de provocar una re-significación de los discursos y las prácticas a fin de conseguir una igualdad de condiciones y de derechos entre los sujetos.