Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Pluralism, The Lucas Critique, And The Integration Of Macro And Micro, Peter Skott

Peter Skott

Mainstream macroeconomics has pursued micro founded models based on the explicit optimization by representative agents. The result has been a long and wasteful detour. But elements of the Lucas critique are rele- vant, also for heterodox economists.

New Roles For Library Faculty Liaisons At The University Of Massachusetts Amherst, Marilyn S. Billings

Marilyn S. Billings

Academic libraries of all sizes can and must strategically position themselves to capture, manage, and disseminate the digital scholarship of their respective institutions. Explore the new opportunities that these roles are providing for liaison librarians in their relationships with faculty and other members of the campus community at UMass Amherst.

"A Call To Action" - Part 1 Of Webinar Series "Libraries For Sustainability", Madeleine K. Charney, Bonnie Smith, Beth Filar Williams

Madeleine K. Charney

American Library Association's Task Force On the Environment (TFOE) has been engaged in environmental issues for over 20 years and done some tremendous work but has suffered from a lack of participation and lost momentum in recent years. Join us, and Maria A. Jankowska (UCLA Research Librarian and Editor of Electronic Green Journal), most recent TFOE chair, to understand what TFOE has accomplished, including pitfalls and successes -- plus recommendations for next steps. Should this group be revitalized and/or is a change in direction indicated? What are some options for remaining engaged at the local and national levels? Where are …

Registration Form - Libraries For Sustainability #1, Madeleine K. Charney, Bonnie Smith, Beth Filar Williams

Madeleine K. Charney

Registration form for "Call to Action and Collaboration"- part one of a four-part webinar series, “Libraries for Sustainability.”

Scholarly Publishing Update: Commercial Publishing And Open Access In The Digital Age, Leslie Horner Button

Leslie Horner Button

No abstract provided.

Adolescent Binge Drinking Leads To Changes In Alcohol Drinking, Anxiety, And Amygdalar Corticotropin Releasing Factor Cells In Adulthood In Male Rats, Heather Richardson, N. W. Gilpin, C. A. Karanikas

Heather Richardson

Heavy episodic drinking early in adolescence is associated with increased risk of addiction and other stress-related disorders later in life. This suggests that adolescent alcohol abuse is an early marker of innate vulnerability and/or binge exposure impacts the developing brain to increase vulnerability to these disorders in adulthood. Animal models are ideal for clarifying the relationship between adolescent and adult alcohol abuse, but we show that methods of involuntary alcohol exposure are not effective. We describe an operant model that uses multiple bouts of intermittent access to sweetened alcohol to elicit voluntary binge alcohol drinking early in adolescence (~postnatal days …

Processing Of Emotional Reactivity And Emotional Memory Over Sleep, Bengi Baran, Edward F. Pace-Schott, Callie Ericson, Rebecca M. C. Spencer

Rebecca M. C. Spencer

Sleep enhances memories, particularly emotional memories. As such, it has been suggested that sleep deprivation may reduce post-traumatic stress disorder. This presumes that emotional memory consolidation is paralleled by a reduction in emotional reactivity, an association that has not yet been examined. In the present experiment, we utilized an incidental memory task in humans and obtained valence and arousal ratings during two sessions separated either by 12 hours of daytime wake or 12 hours including overnight sleep. Recognition accuracy was greater following sleep relative to wake for both negative and neutral pictures. While emotional reactivity to negative pictures was greatly …

Applying Evaluation To Development And Aid: Can Evaluation Bridge The Micro-Macro Gaps In Aid Effectiveness?, Léonce Ndikumana

Léonce Ndikumana

Donors and governments in aid recipient countries are under pressure to demonstrate effectiveness of aid, especially due to increasing stress on fiscal balances in the context of the global financial and economic crisis. The evidence on aid effectiveness remains mixed at best: while individual targeted aid interventions appear to produce positive results, the impact of aid at the macroeconomic level remains limited. Furthermore, the reporting on concrete outcomes of aid interventions remains inadequate, thus perpetuating doubts around aid effectiveness. This paper discusses these micro-macro gaps in aid effectiveness and the reporting problem. It proposes some ways in which well-designed and …

"The Best Years Of Our Lives”: Military Service And Family Relationships – A Life Course Perspective, Daniel Burland, Jennifer H. Lundquist

Dr. Jennifer H. Lundquist

All lives of military personnel and veterans are linked to other lives, but as Burland and Lundquist’s Chapter 8 (in this volume) indicates, this social reality is shown primarily by studies of military families within the relatively short period of the soldiers’ military service. The active-duty service member’s enlistment, departure for basic training, and deployment overseas, when that occurs, are documented by military records, and perhaps by fi eld surveys. By contrast, longitudinal studies of veterans, frequently over many years, have tended to focus on the individual veteran to the exclusion of significant others, family members, and friends. This limitation …

Boys Just Want To Have Fun? Masculinity, Sexual Behaviors, And Romantic Intentions Of Gay And Straight Males In College, Randall Barios, Jennifer H. Lundquist

Dr. Jennifer H. Lundquist

Scholars studying college student sexual culture in the United States largely frame men as being detached from emotions, unconcerned with relationships, and in pursuit of sexual conquests. By expanding the examination of college sexual culture, an environment often associated with meaningless sexual encounters, this article tests those stereotypes in gay and straight men. We evaluate sexual behaviors, social opportunity structures, and romantic attitudes of gay and straight males in college. We find evidence that both supports and contradicts existing literature on masculine stereotypes for both groups of men. We also find that gay and straight men report different sexual scripts …

Emergent Systemic Simplicity (And Complexity), Joe Pater

Joe Pater

Across phonology and syntax, the typological probability of one structure being present in a linguistic system often depends on other related aspects of that system. For example, voiced [g] is more probable in a language if it contains voiced [b] than if it does not, and a left-headed PP is more probable in a language that contains left-headed VPs than in one that has right-headed VPs. These dependencies can be seen as preferences for systemic simplicity, for uniform expression of laryngeal contrasts across place, and for uniform syntactic headedness. Both the systemic and the probabilistic nature of these generalizations pose …

Implications Of Harmonic Serialism For Lexical Tone Association, John J. Mccarthy, Kevin Mullin, Brian W. Smith

John J. McCarthy

In some languages, notably Kikuyu, the association of tones and syllables is completely predictable. In this chapter, we show that a derivational version of Optimality Theory, Harmonic Serialism, cannot account for Kikuyu if underlying representations include preassociated tones. If richness of the base is to be maintained, then underlying representations can contain associated tones in no language, even a language with contrastive tone association. This leads to a discussion of alternative ways of lexically encoding these contrasts, such as sequences of identical tones and diacritic accents.

Reduplication In Harmonic Serialism, John J. Mccarthy, Wendell Kimper, Kevin Mullin

John J. McCarthy

In standard Optimality Theory, faithfulness constraints are defined in terms of an input-output correspondence relation, and similar constraints are applied to the correspondence relation between a stem and its reduplicative copy. In Harmonic Serialism, a derivational version of Optimality Theory, there is no input-output correspondence relation, and instead faithfulness violations are based on which operations the candidate-generating GEN component has applied.

This article presents a novel theory of reduplication, situated within Harmonic Serialism, called Serial Template Satisfaction. Reduplicative correspondence constraints are replaced by operations that copy strings of constituents. Depending on the constraint ranking, phonological processes may precede or follow …

Reclaiming Basque: Language, Nation And Cultural Activism, Jacqueline Urla

Jacqueline L. Urla

Introduction (excerpt)

Discourses Of Development: Narratives Of Cultural Heritage As An Economic Resource, Neil A. Silberman

Neil A. Silberman

No abstract provided.

Reclaiming Basque: Language, Nation And Cultural Activism, Jacqueline Urla

Jacqueline L. Urla

Table of Contents

Pottery In The Landscape: Ceramic Analysis At The City-Kingdom Of Idalion, Cyprus, Rebecca M. Bartusewich

Rebecca M Bartusewich

The ancient site of Idalion, Cyprus has a landscape dominated by two acropoleis containing sacred sites. The plain below is the location of domestic occupation. I have petrologically analyzed 45 ceramics from the domestic area and one sacred area and found that while the sacred spaces dominate the landscape, ceramics were not produced/chosen differently for the sacred area over the domestic area. The visual proximity of the sacred and the everyday seems to indicate cohesion in the social and natural landscape. The preliminary petrological analysis of pottery from Idalion has shown, thus far, that the sacred and profane are intertwined.*

Heritage Interpretation And Human Rights: Documenting Diversity, Expressing Identity, Or Establishing Universal Principles?, Neil A. Silberman

Neil A. Silberman

No abstract provided.

Heteroglossia, Benjamin Bailey

Benjamin Bailey

No abstract provided.

Rewriting The Balkans: Memory, Historiography, And The Making Of A European Citizenry, Dana N. Johnson

Dana N. Johnson

This thesis explores the work of historians, history teachers, and NGO employees engaged in regional initiatives to mitigate the influence of enduring ethnocentric national histories in the Balkans. In conducting an ethnography of the development and dissemination of such initiatives, I queried how conflict and controversy are negotiated in developing alternative educational materials, how “multiperspectivity” is understood as a pedagogical approach and a tool of reconciliation, and how the interests of civil society intersect with those of the state and supranational actors. My research sought to interrogate the field of power in which such attempts to innovate history education occur, …

The University And Local Economic Development, John Mullin, Zeenat Kotval-K, Jonathan Cooper

John R. Mullin

Increasing pressures on universities and educational institutions to be more involved in the communities that house them have led to a wave of interactions that have been both creative and mutually supportive. These ‘town-gown’ relations have stemmed not only from pressures by government leaders, but also from the sense of civic responsibility and the drive for ‘service learning’ where students move beyond the academic walls to engage in real life situations as part of the learning process. The resultant merits are invaluable lessons and experiences that are mutually beneficial to the students and the communities. Similarly, the involvement of community …

Finding Rosie: Documenting The World War Ii Home Front Experience Of The American West Through Oral History, Samuel Redman

Samuel Redman

This article describes an ongoing oral history project with the Regional Oral History Office (ROHO) of The Bancroft Library at the University of California, Berkeley. It explains how the team frames its research, understands the audience for oral histories, details how individuals are selected for interviews, and outlines the project’s various new initiatives.

Visual Interventions And The “Crises In Representation” In Environmental Anthropology: Researching Environmental Justice In A Hungarian Romani Neighborhood, Krista Harper

Krista M. Harper

Participatory visual research, or "visual interventions" (Pink 2007) allow environmental anthropologists to respond to three different “crises of representation”: 1) the critique of ethnographic representation presented by postmodern, postcolonial, and feminist anthropologists, 2) the constructivist critique of nature and the environment, and 3) the “environmental justice” critique demanding representation for the environmental concerns of communities of color. Participatory visual research integrates community members in the process of staking out a research agenda, conducting fieldwork and interpreting data, and communicating and applying research findings. Our project used the Photovoice methodology to generate knowledge and documentation related to environment injustices faced by …

Labor In Struggle, Dan Clawson

Dan Clawson

No abstract provided.

The Discourse Of Judging, John Brigham

John Brigham

No abstract provided.

Regional Integration As Revised Authority Relationships, M.J. Peterson

M.J. Peterson

This paper suggests that regional integration can be understood as a process of altering existing authority relationships so that existing national authority relationships are modified and overlain by a wider regional authority relationship.

Redefining Need, Reconfiguring Expectations: The Rise Of State-Run Youth Voluntarism Programs In Russia, Julie D. Hemment

Julie D Hemment

This article investigates the restructuring of the Russian social welfare system by interrogating Putin-era state-run projects to promote youth voluntarism. Set up in the aftermath of liberalizing social welfare reform, these organizations are interesting hybrids: at the same time as they honor the Soviet past and afford symbolic prominence to Soviet era values, they simultaneously advance distinctively neoliberal
 technologies of self-help and self-reliance. In dialogue with recent studies in the anthropology of neoliberalism and the anthropology of postsocialism, I consider the implications of these intertwined logics. Focusing on the interpretive work undertaken by one provincial voluntary organization, I argue that …

"They Just Happened": The Curious Case Of The Unplanned Baby, Italian Low Fertility, And The ‘End’ Of Rationality, Elizabeth L. Krause

Elizabeth L. Krause

Winner of the Polgar Prize for Best Article, Society of Medical Anthropology ~ Even in a country with super-low fertility rates, at least one-quarter of all babies are unplanned. The finding puzzles policymakers. This article uses Italy’s “curious case” as a jumping-off point to expose assumptions about rationality. It offers a model to dismantle the “conceit” of rationality, drawing on Max Weber’s classic critique and Emily Martin’s contemporary appraisal. It asks: (1) How do assumptions about rationality related to sexuality and reproduction manifest? (2) How do qualitative data challenge rationalist assumptions? and (3) How are cultural logics expressed and what …

The Influence Of Industry Mix On Regional New Firm Entry, Henry C. Renski

Henry C Renski

Per capita rates of entry are commonly used to measure regional entrepreneurial climate. Yet entry rates vary widely by industry and tend to mirror existing regional specializations. Without controlling for industry mix, factors associated with regional differences in entry may describe the industry base rather than entrepreneurial climate. This study finds that while industry mix explains a potentially large portion regional variation in entry, it does not radically alter the relative standing of the most highly ranked regions. Most of the factors commonly associated with the regional entrepreneurial climate remain significant after purging the data of industry mix effects. However, …

Umass Program Description, Donal Carbaugh

Donal Carbaugh

No abstract provided.