Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 61 - 90 of 109
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Section: International Dimensions, Sociological Practice Editors, Michael Bamberger, G. David Miller
Section: International Dimensions, Sociological Practice Editors, Michael Bamberger, G. David Miller
Sociological Practice
No abstract provided.
Developing Entrepreneurial Rural Communities, Cornelia Butler Flora, Jan L. Flora
Developing Entrepreneurial Rural Communities, Cornelia Butler Flora, Jan L. Flora
Sociological Practice
Rural communities in the United States have diversified and their dependence onagriculture has decreased substantially. In the 1980s, rural deindustrialization occurredand rural areas continued to become more service oriented: employment opportunitiesdeclined because of shifts in the world and U.S. economies, and anti-rural publicpolicies. In response, some rural communities have become entrepreneurial communities,whose characteristics include: healthy acceptance of controversy; a degree ofeconomic surplus to allow for risk-taking; willingness of community to tax itself tomaintain infrastructure and schools; the ability to define community broadly and tonetwork both vertically and horizontally to obtain resources; and dispersed communityleadership. Entrepreneurial behavior in the context of …
How Rural Counties Can Generate Jobs, Kurt Finsterbusch, Cecelia Formichella, Meredith S. Ramsay, Daniel Kuennen
How Rural Counties Can Generate Jobs, Kurt Finsterbusch, Cecelia Formichella, Meredith S. Ramsay, Daniel Kuennen
Sociological Practice
The findings are presented from a study of the job generating activities of fifteen ruralcounties in southern Maryland and the Delaware Peninsula. Nine specified informants,who were knowledgeable about economic developments, were interviewed ineach county to learn what actions their counties are taking to develop economicallyand how much each activity contributes to jobs. The activities that impacted the moston jobs were industrial parks, economic developments units, and tourism promotion.Other major job generators were a county group for recruiting businesses, specialcapital arrangements, development bonds, location in county of state or federal governmentactivities, and commercial sites. An analysis of county characteristics andactivities related …
Coal Severance Taxes: A New Social Justice And Community/ Economic Development Tool For Coal-Producing Areas, Raymond C. Lenzi
Coal Severance Taxes: A New Social Justice And Community/ Economic Development Tool For Coal-Producing Areas, Raymond C. Lenzi
Sociological Practice
One hundred eight-eight coal-producing counties in fifteen states were examined todetermine the relationship of coal severance tax allocations to community economicdevelopment and change in socio-economic conditions. The one hundred countiesreceiving coal severance taxes were identified as an "experimental group'' and theeighty-eight counties not receiving these funds were used as a "control group'' and theeighty-eight counties not receiving these funds were used as a "control group" in aquasi-experimental model. The five key socio-economic variables examined were (1)per capita income, (2) poverty rate, (3) employment growth, (4) unemployment rate,and (5) bank deposits. Coal counties which received coal severance tax allocationsand community economic …
Section: Community Economic Development, Sociological Practice Editors, Kurt Finsterbusch, Cecelia Formichella, Meredith S. Ramsay, Daniel Kuennen, Raymond C. Lenzi, Cornelia Butler Flora, Jan L. Flora
Section: Community Economic Development, Sociological Practice Editors, Kurt Finsterbusch, Cecelia Formichella, Meredith S. Ramsay, Daniel Kuennen, Raymond C. Lenzi, Cornelia Butler Flora, Jan L. Flora
Sociological Practice
No abstract provided.
Social Identity As A Tool To Build Multi-Community Clusters, Betty Wells
Social Identity As A Tool To Build Multi-Community Clusters, Betty Wells
Sociological Practice
To be successful, programs which promote multi-community clustering as a development option for small rural communities must combine both behavioral and structural elements. This paper focuses on the behavioral dimension by taking a distinctly social psychological view and demonstrating how social identify theory can be applied to promote intercommunity cooperation. Examples from a leadership program designed to facilitate the development of multi-community clusters show that social identity, so often considered a barrier to intercommunity cooperation, can also be used to foster cooperation.
Inter-Community Cooperation In The Micro-Region: A Saskatchewan Perspective On Rural Development, Harold Baker
Inter-Community Cooperation In The Micro-Region: A Saskatchewan Perspective On Rural Development, Harold Baker
Sociological Practice
The application of the concept "inter-community cooperation" in rural development in Saskatchewan, Canada is explored. It is argued that there is an emergence of a new geographic unit of development which is referred to as the "micro-region." The micro-region represents the growing inter-dependence among neighboring, small urban-centered communities in optimizing rural development. Selected references to inter-community cooperation experience in the larger "macro-region" (province or multi-province area) are reviewed. It is concluded that emphasis on the macro-region is giving way to the smaller micro-region. Selected topics on the application of intercommunity cooperation in micro-regions are discussed, including some ground rules of …
Section: Community Cooperation, Sociological Practice Editors, Harold Baker, Betty Wells
Section: Community Cooperation, Sociological Practice Editors, Harold Baker, Betty Wells
Sociological Practice
No abstract provided.
Community Cooperation And Development, Robert C. Anderson
Community Cooperation And Development, Robert C. Anderson
Sociological Practice
The paper describes a phenomenological approach to the understanding and explanation of how people and organizations make the decision to become involved in community action. Three sufficient conditions to induce cooperation are presented. Community action is presented as the result of a cooperative system of people and organizations that choose to become involved independently, based on their absolute and dynamic values. A model for community involvement is described that includes a problem, the social structure, convergence of interest, and goal formation. Formation of effective initiating, recruitment, and execution sets is presented as an important consideration for all community action.
Community Health And Development: Applying Sociological Concepts To Practice, Peggy Hickman
Community Health And Development: Applying Sociological Concepts To Practice, Peggy Hickman
Sociological Practice
Health for all is a priority social goal set by the World Health Organization. In an international agreement, the world community has agreed to address global health needs through primary health care. Key to primary health care is community health development, a social systems approach to health care based on sociological concepts. This article defines community health, discusses primary health care, and examines the application of selected sociological principles to community health development practice.
Hamilton, Missouri: A Community Development Process Case Study, Jack D. Timmons, Jack D. Mccall
Hamilton, Missouri: A Community Development Process Case Study, Jack D. Timmons, Jack D. Mccall
Sociological Practice
A Classical community development process approach was applied in a northwestern Missouri community. The article provides a case study of how the community revitalized itself to meet citizen needs. The development stages—policy formulation, recognition, intelligence, commitment and accomplishments—are discussed.
Mental Health Education In A Canadian Community, John Cumming, Elaine Cumming
Mental Health Education In A Canadian Community, John Cumming, Elaine Cumming
Sociological Practice
The experiment described here was aimed at changing negative attitudes of the public toward the mentally ill. An intensive educational campaign about mental health was conducted in a small community in western Canada. Before-after questionnaires were used to determine what effect the campaign had on attitudes toward the mentally ill. The tests showed no appreciable changes in beliefs about mental illness or attitudes toward the mentally ill as a result of the program. The unanticipated hostility that was generated by the project is discussed. This piece originally appeared in 1955 Health, Culture and Community.
Community Development As A Therapeutic Force: A Case Study With Measurements, Dorothea C. Leighton, Irving Thomas Stone
Community Development As A Therapeutic Force: A Case Study With Measurements, Dorothea C. Leighton, Irving Thomas Stone
Sociological Practice
A cross-disciplinary study was undertaken to learn what the social sciences had to offer psychiatry in understanding mental illness. The authors hypothesized that human settlements deficient in satisfying basic physical, psychological, and social needs will evidence higher rates of psychiatric disorders than localities where such needs are met more adequately. A case study is presented showing how community development interventions that provided for greater self-esteem and other need satisfaction resulted in a lower rate of mental illness. Methods for measuring mental illness useful for further research are suggested. This piece originally appeared in Sociological Perspectives on Community Health (1974).
Section: Examples / Cases / Models, Sociological Practice Editors, Dorothea C. Leighton, Irving Thomas Stone, John Cumming, Elaine Cumming, Jack D. Timmons, Jack D. Mccall, Peggy Hickman, Robert C. Anderson
Section: Examples / Cases / Models, Sociological Practice Editors, Dorothea C. Leighton, Irving Thomas Stone, John Cumming, Elaine Cumming, Jack D. Timmons, Jack D. Mccall, Peggy Hickman, Robert C. Anderson
Sociological Practice
No abstract provided.
The Elusiveness Of Rural Development Theory And Policy: Domestic And Third World Perspectives Joined, Ted K. Bradshaw
The Elusiveness Of Rural Development Theory And Policy: Domestic And Third World Perspectives Joined, Ted K. Bradshaw
Sociological Practice
Rural development in both the Third World and the United States suffers from many perceived failures and the lack of a theoretically rich conceptual framework by which effective rural development policies can be fashioned. Drawing upon Third World development literature, a perspective for domestic rural development is suggested. Development is defined by interdependence of increasingly specialized resources in production and the interdependence of relations among differentiated social groups including the rural disadvantaged. Effective programs must expand both resource utilization and restructure social relations that hinder development.
Community Action And The National Rural Development Agenda, A. E. Luloff, Kenneth P. Wilkinson
Community Action And The National Rural Development Agenda, A. E. Luloff, Kenneth P. Wilkinson
Sociological Practice
As a result of concern over three related issues—a renewed interest in self-help mechanisms, the farm crisis of the 1980s, and the renewed recognition of rural poverty—an agenda which focuses on rural development has emerged. Central to the formation of rural development strategies is the role of community action. This paper reviews some of the searching questions about the whats and whys of community action, about the distinctive problems and potentials of community action, and about how rural community action can be promoted.
Section: Policy Issues, Sociological Practice Editors, A. E. Luloff, Kenneth P. Wilkinson, Ted K. Bradshaw
Section: Policy Issues, Sociological Practice Editors, A. E. Luloff, Kenneth P. Wilkinson, Ted K. Bradshaw
Sociological Practice
No abstract provided.
Six Models Of Community Intervention: A Dialectical Synthesis Of Social Theory And Social Action, Drew Hyman
Six Models Of Community Intervention: A Dialectical Synthesis Of Social Theory And Social Action, Drew Hyman
Sociological Practice
Two dominant theoretical perspectives-systems theory and conflict theory-underlie major approaches to community intervention. This paper presents a conceptual linkage between models of intervention for planning and organizing as developed by Rothman and elaborated by Stockdale and major sociological theories of society. Two additional models are presented to address issues of management and administration. The six models are integrated into a typology which integrates the conflict and consensus theories of society in relation to the six strategies. The result is a synthesis of six models for community engagement which is rooted in dialectically opposed theories of society, and which addresses the …
Community Development In America: A Brief History, Bryan M. Phifer
Community Development In America: A Brief History, Bryan M. Phifer
Sociological Practice
This article traces community development from early self-help efforts through community organization, university, social work and government thrusts to the field as we know it today. It describes the roles of key individuals, organizations, and literature in the growth of the field. The author looks ahead to crucial issues facing community development in the future. The references cited in the article are a rich source of information for anyone interested in the history and current status of community development.
Section: History / Background, Sociological Practice Editors, Bryan M. Phifer, Drew Hyman
Section: History / Background, Sociological Practice Editors, Bryan M. Phifer, Drew Hyman
Sociological Practice
No abstract provided.
Introduction, Alvin S. Lackey
Establishing A Local Research Center At A College Or University, Stephen F. Steele, Joseph Lamp, Harold Counihan, Joan Albert
Establishing A Local Research Center At A College Or University, Stephen F. Steele, Joseph Lamp, Harold Counihan, Joan Albert
Sociological Practice
No abstract provided.
The Clinical Approach To Successful Program Development, Elizabeth J. Clark, Jan M. Fritz
The Clinical Approach To Successful Program Development, Elizabeth J. Clark, Jan M. Fritz
Sociological Practice
To more adequately meet the needs for the decade ahead, it is essential that sociology departments evaluate their existing curricula and plan new programs or concentrations that will interest and attract students. Using the example of clinical sociology, this article focuses on general guidelines for developing a variety of program models in sociological practice. The guidelines are divided into the three parts of assessment, planning, and implementation, and an inventory of ideas and suggestions are given for each phase. Relevant issues of the importance of labels, leadership and independence, and rationales for program development are discussed.
Models For Applied Sociology Programs At The B.A. Level, Carla B. Howery
Models For Applied Sociology Programs At The B.A. Level, Carla B. Howery
Sociological Practice
No abstract provided.
Reasonable Department Of Sociology For Colleges And Universities, Frank W. Blackmar
Reasonable Department Of Sociology For Colleges And Universities, Frank W. Blackmar
Sociological Practice
No abstract provided.
Program Planning In Academic Settings, Sociological Practice Editors
Program Planning In Academic Settings, Sociological Practice Editors
Sociological Practice
No abstract provided.
Section: Program Planning In Academic Settings, Sociological Practice Editors, Frank W. Blackmar, Carla B. Howery, Elizabeth J. Clark, Jan M. Fritz, Stephen F. Steele, Joseph Lamp, Harold Counihan, Joan Albert
Section: Program Planning In Academic Settings, Sociological Practice Editors, Frank W. Blackmar, Carla B. Howery, Elizabeth J. Clark, Jan M. Fritz, Stephen F. Steele, Joseph Lamp, Harold Counihan, Joan Albert
Sociological Practice
No abstract provided.
Sociological Practice Association Ethical Standards Of Sociological Practitioners, Sociological Practice Editors
Sociological Practice Association Ethical Standards Of Sociological Practitioners, Sociological Practice Editors
Sociological Practice
No abstract provided.
The British Tradition Of Social Administration: Moral Concerns At The Expense Of Scientific Rigor, Martin Bulmer
The British Tradition Of Social Administration: Moral Concerns At The Expense Of Scientific Rigor, Martin Bulmer
Sociological Practice
No abstract provided.
Ethical Limitations On Sociological Reporting, Joseph H. Fichter, William L. Kolb
Ethical Limitations On Sociological Reporting, Joseph H. Fichter, William L. Kolb
Sociological Practice
No abstract provided.