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Articles 31 - 60 of 100
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Generational Conflict Among Second Generation Iranians In California, Nasim Sarabandi
Generational Conflict Among Second Generation Iranians In California, Nasim Sarabandi
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Generational conflict has been a significant and persistent theme in various immigration studies and scholarship. Yet, few qualitative works have been conducted throughout the literature of Iranian scholars in the United States to assess the quality and complexity of the subject. In this thesis, I explore and analyze the lives of second generation Iranians in California (Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay Area). Through the identification of various themes present in generational conflict, such as family cohesion, gender roles, educational and career achievement, and cultural identity, I illustrate how Iranians have attempted to build an `imagined community' in exile. …
"I'M A Home Health Aide, Not A Home Health Maid" : An Analysis Of How Home Health Aides Talk About And Interpret Their Role, Muriel E. Scott
"I'M A Home Health Aide, Not A Home Health Maid" : An Analysis Of How Home Health Aides Talk About And Interpret Their Role, Muriel E. Scott
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Home health aides are paraprofessionals who are critical to the health and well-being of elderly adults and their ability to continue living in their own homes for as long as possible. However, a crisis is looming because the demand for home health aides is rapidly increasing as America ages. Filling today's need for home health aides is already difficult, and turnover rates are high across the country. The job is physically and emotionally challenging, while financial rewards are severely constrained by public policy and the lack of value placed on the position. Conflicting expectations of home care agency supervisors, clients …
Making Parts Instead Of Children : Policy Feedback And No Child Left Behind, Jody Maria Schmid
Making Parts Instead Of Children : Policy Feedback And No Child Left Behind, Jody Maria Schmid
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Most of our hopes and dreams for public education rely on how well teachers teach, and major federal education policies often need teachers to serve as their primary implementers. Yet we know very little about how teachers' responses to federal education policies affect their teaching, their identity and their motivations. Research on "policy feedback" recognizes that policy targets derive important lessons from public policies and political discourse, but there are gaps in terms of how, when and why relationships within organizations, institutions, or communities mediate these effects on policy implementers and citizens. This dissertation uses cultural policy analysis, and in-depth, …
The Impact Of Trial Evidence On Juror Decision-Making, Jeremy Shifton
The Impact Of Trial Evidence On Juror Decision-Making, Jeremy Shifton
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
It is widely accepted that a confession is one of the most incriminating piece of evidence that can be presented in a criminal case (Kassin & Neumann, 1997). However, little prior research has examined the impact of situational characteristics (e.g., length of interrogation, how recently suspect has slept, etc.) of the interrogation and resulting confession. While police tactics and personal characteristics are known to impact perceptions of the resulting confession, little is known about how aspects of an interrogation might impact the perceptions of jurors. In three studies, this dissertation seeks to determine how mock jurors' perceptions of evidence strength …
Testing Counselor Trainees' Self-Efficacy For Identifying Behavioral Indicators Of The Working Alliance In Family Therapy : Can Self-Efficacy Be Induced Through Feedback?, William H. Spears
Testing Counselor Trainees' Self-Efficacy For Identifying Behavioral Indicators Of The Working Alliance In Family Therapy : Can Self-Efficacy Be Induced Through Feedback?, William H. Spears
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The present study investigated the influence of self-efficacy (SE) on performance in a counseling-related task. Specifically, four experimental self-efficacy (SE) groups were compared in their performance using the SOFTA-o (Friedlander, Escudero, & Heatherington, 2006) to identify clients' alliance-related behaviors in a videotaped vignette of a simulated family therapy session. Following a baseline trial with a similar vignette (Trial 1), 112 counselor trainees were randomly assigned to receive no feedback (Control) or bogus comparison feedback indicating that their Trial 1 performance was superior (High SE), similar (Mildly Negative/average SE), or poor (Low SE) relative to peers. Correspondingly, the experiment tested three …
Time Will Tell : Temporal Reasoning In Clinical Narratives And Beyond, Weiyi Sun
Time Will Tell : Temporal Reasoning In Clinical Narratives And Beyond, Weiyi Sun
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Temporal reasoning in natural language refers to the extraction and understanding of time-related information conveyed in free text. A clinical narrative temporal reasoning component can enable a spectrum of medical natural language processing (NLP) applications that directly improve patient care documentation efficiency, accessibility and accountability. This dissertation contributes in three subtasks under temporal reasoning: temporal annotation, temporal expression extraction and temporal relation inferences. The temporal annotation work described in the dissertation produced one of the first publicly available clinical narratives. We published one of the first sets of temporal
The Role Of Organizational Politics, Justice, And Trust On Work Outcomes, David Swiderski
The Role Of Organizational Politics, Justice, And Trust On Work Outcomes, David Swiderski
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Political behaviors that are driven by self-interest are a common part of every organization yet little research has been done to examine their relationship to work outcomes (Ferris et al., 2002). The purpose of the present study is to explore two possible mediators that play a role in the relationship between organizational politics and work outcomes. Using social exchange theory as a foundation, organizational justice and trust were thought to mediate the relationship between organization politics and relevant work outcomes, including affective commitment, organizational citizenship behaviors, and perceived organizational support. Empirical data showed that interactional justice mediated the relationship between …
Negotiated Bodies : Institution Building And Participatory Policymaking In Mexico's Public Health Sector, Katherine Truby
Negotiated Bodies : Institution Building And Participatory Policymaking In Mexico's Public Health Sector, Katherine Truby
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation examines the relationships between the state and civil society organizations within the context of HIV policy in Mexico. The Mexican context is important in this analysis: Mexico has relatively recently transitioned to a more democratic form of governance, including expanding institutional opportunities for civil society organizations to participate in processes of policy development and implementation. Further, Mexico has an HIV epidemic that is concentrated in the most at-risk communities. These communities typically face political and social exclusion. The extent to which civil society organizations advocating on behalf of these marginalized communities successfully negotiate the creation of new policy …
Museum Representation : Ethnostatic Representations Of Culture, Brynna Elizabeth Tussey
Museum Representation : Ethnostatic Representations Of Culture, Brynna Elizabeth Tussey
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Museums act as knowledge production centers for cultural objects. The knowledge produced and distributed frequently portrays the Other as being immobilized in ethnostatic history. Models and modes of representation serve to reinforce these perceptions, rather than aid in the development of new forms of knowledge production. Through the discussion of these models, my research presents new theoretical perspectives for the agencies within the museum, and proposes possible new models for displaying objects from other cultures and the dialogues around said objects.
Coping With Negative Emotion In Middle Childhood : Relationship To Temperament And Psychopathology, Kristen Uhl
Coping With Negative Emotion In Middle Childhood : Relationship To Temperament And Psychopathology, Kristen Uhl
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Children are exposed to various stressors throughout development. Research has demonstrated that childhood stressors can negatively affect adjustment, and that children's temperament and coping impact the effects of stress on adjustment. The current study examines children's coping responses to situations eliciting anger, sadness, fear, and worry in a sample of 191 children (102 boys, 89 girls; mean age = 9.57 years, SD=0.57) recruited from a suburban school district. Additionally, the predictive relationship of temperament variables on coping strategy use is explored. Finally, coping and temperament's effect on the development of psychopathology is investigated. Results show that children reported using more …
Who Secedes And Who Succeeds? : Disputing The Uniqueness Of 20th Century Russian Secessionism, Joseph Lepage Varuolo
Who Secedes And Who Succeeds? : Disputing The Uniqueness Of 20th Century Russian Secessionism, Joseph Lepage Varuolo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
ABSTRACT: During the twentieth century, the Russian sphere has seen no less than 60 attempts of ethnic secession. The diversity of ethnic groups along with the oppression of successive authoritarian governments have produced two distinct waves of secession. The First Wave (1917-1925) followed the fall of the Russian Empire, while the Second Wave (1989-1995) occurred after the Soviet Union disintegrated. The strength and distinctiveness of the region's secession attracted numerous scholars and investigations. Yet, key elements of general secession theory appear to have little in common with the region's secession. Even more astonishing, the exact opposite of several cornerstones of …
Geometric Information Of Yield Curve, Unspanned Stochastic Volatility, And Affine Heath-Jarrow-Morton Models, Qingbin Wang
Geometric Information Of Yield Curve, Unspanned Stochastic Volatility, And Affine Heath-Jarrow-Morton Models, Qingbin Wang
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The differences between the daily routine of fitting the yield curve (or equivalently, the forward rate curve) and the dynamic
Family Structure And Juvenile Delinquency : An Examination Of Inter-Individual Difference And Intra-Individual Variability, Qing Wei
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Although a wealth of research in criminology identifies that family structure variables are critical in understanding adolescent and young adult involvement in delinquency and crime, family structure has been treated as static variables in most of the studies and the relationship between family structure and juvenile delinquency is often tested cross-sectionally. However, a full understanding on the role of family structure requires an examination of impacts of both the state and the change of family structure on adolescent behavior. It also requires an examination of both the short-term and the long-term impact of family transition on children's behavior.
Effects Of Acute Stress And Gender On Decision-Making, Stephanie Elaine Wemm
Effects Of Acute Stress And Gender On Decision-Making, Stephanie Elaine Wemm
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The current study examined the effects of a social stressor on subsequent performance on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), and the role of sex on this relationship. Fifty-six participants (24 men and 32 women) were assigned randomly to a social stressor (Trier Social Stress Test) or a control condition while their subjective emotional reactions and their physiological arousal (skin conductance and heart rate) were measured. Findings showed that participants in the stress condition responded with higher skin-conductance levels and heart rate during the social stressor, in addition to reporting greater negative affect directly following the social stressor. They also made …
A Latent Profile Analysis Of Posttraumatic Stress And Depressive Symptoms In Adolescents, Shawn A. Wilson
A Latent Profile Analysis Of Posttraumatic Stress And Depressive Symptoms In Adolescents, Shawn A. Wilson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study examines how posttraumatic stress (PTS) and depressive symptoms co-occur during early adolescence. Data for participants in the present study were drawn from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being. A latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted on the data from 818 adolescents aged 11 to 14 who self-identified as Black, Latino, or White. A three-class solution was selected as an optimal fit for the data based on fit indices and ease of interpretation. The LPA indicated that PTS and depressive symptoms tended to co-occur in a dimensional manner, with the classes differing only in terms of the …
Examining The Risk And Protective Factors That Influence Falls Among Native American Older Adults, Kelly Winjum
Examining The Risk And Protective Factors That Influence Falls Among Native American Older Adults, Kelly Winjum
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The risk factors for falls and the adverse outcomes of falls have been well documented among the general older adult population. However, fall frequency, fall risk factors, and fall outcomes have rarely been studied among minority groups specifically. Furthermore, to date there are no known studies that exclusively examine falls among Native American older adults. The purpose of this study is to examine falls among Native American older adults, in order to understand the risk and protective factors for falling among this population, and to develop recommendations for intervention. The theoretical framework of the Disablement Process guides this study. The …
Heterogeneity In Housing : Evidence From Regional Prices, Monetary Policy Transmission And Wealth Distribution In China, Lili Wu
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Housing market displays a high degree of heterogeneity in China: house prices show great uneven patterns across regions; housing markets present remarkably various roles in trasmitting outside shocks to real economies; housing wealth exhibits obviously asymmetric profile in holding and distribution among households, etc. To investige these heterogeneities is the single purpose of this paper.
Forecasting Binary Outcomes : Estimation, Evaluation And Combination, Liu Yang
Forecasting Binary Outcomes : Estimation, Evaluation And Combination, Liu Yang
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Forecasting binary outcomes is involved in a wide variety of decision-making settings. This dissertation addresses the econometric issues related to predicting binary outcomes from three perspectives: estimation, evaluation and combination. All methodologies are empirically illustrated by predicting economic recessions in the United States.
Bus Stop Usage Evaluation And Brt Station Selection Strategy By Machine Learning Methods, Tianchi Zhang
Bus Stop Usage Evaluation And Brt Station Selection Strategy By Machine Learning Methods, Tianchi Zhang
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
According to Commuting in the United States 2009, 86.1% of Americans commuted by car, light truck, or van, and about three-quarters of these individuals were driving alone, causing traffic congestion and raising environmental and energy-saving concerns in society. Therefore, transportation experts encourage the public to take public transportation and recommend the development of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT). Currently, bus service restructuring and BRT plans are based on rider surveys, community meetings and on-street interviews. However, these methods require large investments in manpower and material resources, and produce potentially biased results. In this research, the author used the machine learning method, …
The Effects Of Harsh Parenting And Interparental Aggression Experienced In Youth On The Sympathetic Nervous System, Samantha Aldea Barry
The Effects Of Harsh Parenting And Interparental Aggression Experienced In Youth On The Sympathetic Nervous System, Samantha Aldea Barry
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The present study examines the link between aggression experienced during childhood and/or adolescence and indicators of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) during adulthood. Participants completed self-report questionnaires regarding interparental aggression and harsh parenting exposure during childhood and adolescence (155 adults; mean age = 19.0 years old; 76.1% Caucasian/white; 53.5% female). SNS activation was measured by resting skin conductance level (SCL). Results of this study indicate a sex-specific and time-specific pattern of the effects of aggression on SNS activity. Among males, exposure to more harsh parenting in addition to more interparental aggression during childhood is associated with lower resting SCL. Among …
What You See Is What You Forget : Alcohol Cue Exposure, Affect, And The Misinformation Effect, Camille Crocken Barnes
What You See Is What You Forget : Alcohol Cue Exposure, Affect, And The Misinformation Effect, Camille Crocken Barnes
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Previous research has suggested that both alcohol cues and positive affect increase the tendency to incorporate false information into memory. This series of studies sought to determine if affect mediates the influence of alcohol cues on incorporation of false information into memory. Initially, a pilot study was completed to determine the individual differences that predict which individuals experience a heightening of positive affect following visualization exercises involving alcoholic beverages. Next, a study was conducted to determine if this affect increase from exposure to alcohol cues leads to increased acceptance of misinformation into memory. Participants' memories were tested while they were …
Information Structure, Agreement And Disagreement In English And French Asynchronous Online Discussion, Patrick Rodrigue Belibi Enama
Information Structure, Agreement And Disagreement In English And French Asynchronous Online Discussion, Patrick Rodrigue Belibi Enama
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This paper compares and contrasts the ways online discussion participants of French and English language expression realize common ground, agree and disagree on newspaper blogs on politics. For that purpose, a corpus of 365 replies among which 177 in French and 188 in English were collected from Le Monde.fr and nytimes.com, the world's two most popular newspaper websites of French and English expression. Kecskes & Zhang's (2009) socio-cognitive approach was used as theoretical framework to analyze common ground. The findings revealed that pragmatic competence, which was put to use depending on the context of situation, was more widely used than …
Working Mothers' Work And Family Satisfaction : The Influence Of Time Demands And Time-Based Conflict, Lauren Berger
Working Mothers' Work And Family Satisfaction : The Influence Of Time Demands And Time-Based Conflict, Lauren Berger
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The present study sought to examine a comprehensive model of work-family conflict and family-work conflict for working mothers. Specifically, the study tested time-based work-family conflict and time-based family-work conflict as mediators of the relations between the predictor variables of work hours, work demands, and family demands, and the outcome variables of work satisfaction and family satisfaction. It was expected that time-based work-family conflict and time-based family-work conflict would fully mediate these relations. A total of 677 working mothers in the United States participated in the study. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the hypothesized fully mediating model, as well …
The Academic Life Of Part-Time Professors In Chile, Paulina Berrios
The Academic Life Of Part-Time Professors In Chile, Paulina Berrios
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation examines the academic life of part-time professors at the five biggest universities in Chile. By examining part-timers' academic life, including both who the part-time professors are and what their academic work is, this study sheds light on the complexity and diversity of the part-time world.
Psychiatric Disorders And Their Impact On Labor Market Outcomes : A Latent Variable Approach Using Multiple Clinical Indicators, Souvik Banerjee
Psychiatric Disorders And Their Impact On Labor Market Outcomes : A Latent Variable Approach Using Multiple Clinical Indicators, Souvik Banerjee
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Psychiatric disorders are highly disabling and affect a substantial proportion of the working age population in the US. They have been associated with reductions in employment, labor force participation, labor supply, lower productivity and earnings. This dissertation examines the effect of mental illness on labor market outcomes, focusing on issues of endogeneity and measurement of mental illness.
TodavíA Bailamos La Cueca Sola : From Local Protest Practice Against Chile's Dictatorship To (Trans)National Memory Icon, Karolina Sonja Babic
TodavíA Bailamos La Cueca Sola : From Local Protest Practice Against Chile's Dictatorship To (Trans)National Memory Icon, Karolina Sonja Babic
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation is a multi-sited cultural-historical ethnography about the cueca sola, a dance that was created to denounce the disappearances of citizens during Chile's dictatorship in the 1970s. Some women with missing relatives, who belonged to the music group Conjunto Folclórico of the Association of the Relatives of the Detained and Disappeared (AFDD), created a variation on the Chilean national dance (the cueca - traditionally a courtship dance between a man and a woman) which did not involve a male partner. Instead, they performed it alone. In so doing, these women, who were among the first to denounce the military's …
Predictors Of Emergency Room And Hospital Utilization Among Adults With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities (Idd) In New York City, Meghan G. Blaskowitz
Predictors Of Emergency Room And Hospital Utilization Among Adults With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities (Idd) In New York City, Meghan G. Blaskowitz
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Background. Avoidable emergency room (ER) visits and hospital admissions among people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) contribute significantly to rising Medicaid costs. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) and New York State (NYS) Medicaid Redesign Team have identified a critical need to reduce ER and hospital utilization in an effort to contain healthcare costs and improve quality of care. Study Objective. This study identifies independent predictors of medical and behavioral/psychiatric ER and hospital utilization for a cohort of individuals with IDD (n=597) residing in supported living arrangements in New York City, the most Medicaid-dense region of NYS. Methods. A retrospective …
Discursive Leadership And Conceptual Fluency In Non-Native English Speakers' Online Task-Based Dialogues, Umit Boz
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Much research has examined how different patterns of social interaction shape language learners' interactional roles (e.g., collaborative, dominant, passive) in peer-to-peer conversations. However, little or no research has investigated the co-construction of such roles in multiparty, online task-based dialogues within the framework of discursive leadership. For the purpose of this study, discursive leadership is defined as the ability of the interlocutors to (a) shape the discourse via topic introductions and subsequent topic mentions and (b) manage the process of the task through the use of a series of task-oriented speech acts such as directives and assertions. Using a multi-method approach …
Relationships Between Breastfeeding, Maternal Cigarette Smoking During Pregnancy, And The Cognitive Functioning Of Akwesasne Mohawk Adolescents Exposed To Environmental Pollution, Georgia Brooke
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Previous research has suggested that breastfeeding is beneficial for children's health and that maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy is harmful for children's health. However, there is not a consensus in the existing literature about whether or not these two maternal behaviors impact the cognitive development of children. Furthermore, understanding the role of breastfeeding in children's development is complicated by the fact that breastfeeding transmits toxicants that are stored in the mother's body, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), to the infant. Existing research suggests that PCBs negatively impact children's cognitive functioning. The current study examined relationships between breastfeeding, maternal cigarette smoking during …
Gender Balanced Or Gender Biased? : An Examination Of News Coverage Of Male And Female Governors, Lauren H. Bryant
Gender Balanced Or Gender Biased? : An Examination Of News Coverage Of Male And Female Governors, Lauren H. Bryant
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Male and female candidates are on an uneven political playing field with women continually disadvantaged in terms of the news media coverage they receive. Research has shown that female candidates receive more negative coverage and coverage based upon traditional gender stereotypes and role expectations of women in our culture. However, what is less clear is the type of news coverage women receive after Election Day. As more and more women are elected, it becomes increasingly important to examine the coverage they receive while in office. This study employed a content analysis to examine the differences in the news coverage of …