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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- Social research (12)
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Articles 91 - 119 of 119
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Social Workers' Management Of Error, Frederic G. Reamer
Social Workers' Management Of Error, Frederic G. Reamer
Faculty Publications
Social workers, like all professionals, sometimes make mistakes. For example, they may disclose clients' confidential information inappropriately, fail to respond to clients' reasonable requests in a timely manner, or engage in improper dual relationships with clients. Ideally, social workers who err would follow a protocol that honors the profession's commitment to responsible and honest communication and minimizes the practical risks faced by social workers who might be named in lawsuits, licensing board complaints, and ethics complaints. This article explores the nature and forms of social work error and possible constructive responses to it that (a) protect clients, (b) minimize risk …
Risk And Safety Assessment In Child Welfare: Instrument Comparisons, Amy C. D’Andrade, Michael J. Austin, A Benton
Risk And Safety Assessment In Child Welfare: Instrument Comparisons, Amy C. D’Andrade, Michael J. Austin, A Benton
Faculty Publications
The assessment of risk is a critical part of child welfare agency practice. This review of the research literature on different instruments for assessing risk and safety in child welfare focuses on instrument reliability, validity, outcomes, and use with children and families of color. The findings suggest that the current actuarial instruments have stronger predictive validity than consensus-based instruments. This review was limited by the variability in definitions and measures across studies, the relatively small number of studies examining risk assessment instruments, and the lack of studies on case decision points other than the initial investigation.
Understanding And Measuring Child Welfare Outcomes, Amy C. D’Andrade, Kathy Lemon Osterling, Michael J. Austin
Understanding And Measuring Child Welfare Outcomes, Amy C. D’Andrade, Kathy Lemon Osterling, Michael J. Austin
Faculty Publications
The new "Children's and Family Services Reviews" (CFSR) process focuses on the effectiveness of services to children and families by measuring client outcomes. This article reviews the research literature related to child welfare outcomes in order to provide a context for federal accountability efforts. It also summarizes the 2001 federal mandate to hold states accountable for child welfare outcomes and describes California's response to this mandate. Implications of the outcomes literature review and measurement problems in the CFSR process suggest CSFR measures do not always capture meaningful outcomes. Recommendations for change are made.
Reasonable Efforts? Implementation Of The Reunification Exception Provisions Of Asfa, J D. Berrick, C Young, Amy C. D’Andrade, L Frame
Reasonable Efforts? Implementation Of The Reunification Exception Provisions Of Asfa, J D. Berrick, C Young, Amy C. D’Andrade, L Frame
Faculty Publications
The Adoption and Safe Families Act (ASFA) of 1997 includes provisions to deny reunification services under specified conditions and gives states latitude to develop any number of additional “aggravated circumstances” in which parents need not be offered services. California legislators have developed a relatively large number of conditions enabling agencies to bypass reunification services. Based upon a case record review involving 1,055 parents, this study attempts to identify the proportion of parents eligible for a reunification bypass, the proportion recommended to the courts, and the proportion of parents who were denied reunification services, and examines the characteristics of parents associated …
Understanding And Addressing Racial/Ethnic Disproportionality, Kathy Lemon Osterling, Amy C. D’Andrade, Michael J. Austin
Understanding And Addressing Racial/Ethnic Disproportionality, Kathy Lemon Osterling, Amy C. D’Andrade, Michael J. Austin
Faculty Publications
Racial/ethnic disproportionality in the child welfare system is a complicated social problem that is receiving increasing amounts of attention from researchers and practitioners. This review of the literature examines disproportionality in the front-end of the child welfare system and interventions that may address it. While none of the interventions had evidence suggesting that they reduced disproportionality in child welfare front-end processes, some of the interventions may improve child welfare case processes related to disproportionality and outcomes for families of color.
Does State Certification Or Licensure Influence Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment Program Practices?, Jamie Chriqui, Yvonne Terry-Mcelrath, Duane C. Mcbride, S Eidson, Curtis Vanderwaal
Does State Certification Or Licensure Influence Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment Program Practices?, Jamie Chriqui, Yvonne Terry-Mcelrath, Duane C. Mcbride, S Eidson, Curtis Vanderwaal
Faculty Publications
In the United States, state governments legally authorize outpatient substance abuse treatment programs. In some states, programs are certified or accredited (ideal standards). Other states license programs (minimal standards). Additionally, some states authorize programs through "deemed status", which is afforded to programs attaining accreditation from a national accrediting body. Primary legal research and the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services' (N-SSATS) data were used to examine the relationships between state authorization type (certification/accreditation vs licensure with and without deemed status) and outpatient treatment program practices. Programs in certification/accreditation (vs licensure) states had significantly higher odds of offering wrap-around and …
Ethical Issues In Open Adoption, Frederic G. Reamer, Deborah H. Siegel
Ethical Issues In Open Adoption, Frederic G. Reamer, Deborah H. Siegel
Faculty Publications
Total secrecy and confidentiality no longer typify adoption in the United States. Today, most adoptions involve an exchange of information or some form of contact between the birth family and adoptive family - so-called open adoptions. This article provides a comprehensive overview of ethical issues associated with various forms of open adoption, including issues of privacy, confidentiality, self-determination, paternalism, conflicts of interest, deception, and truthtelling.We present guidelines for social work practice in open adoptions, based on current ethical theory and ethical standards in social work.
Nontraditional And Unorthodox Interventions In Social Work, Frederic G. Reamer
Nontraditional And Unorthodox Interventions In Social Work, Frederic G. Reamer
Faculty Publications
Social work interventions with individuals, families, couples, and small groups have evolved over time. Traditional casework methods associated with social work's pioneers during the early and mid-twentieth century, such as Mary Richmond, Florence Hollis, Harriett Bartlett, Grace Coyle, and Helen Perlman have been transformed. Today's social workers are more likely to discuss and debate the use of such approaches as dialectical behavior therapy, narrative therapy, hypnosis, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, art and dance therapy, radical cognitive therapy, and Internet-based therapy, among others. Clinicians now have access to a staggering array of clinical options that would be unimaginable to social …
When Policy Meets Practice: The Untested Effects Of Permanency Reforms In Child Welfare, Amy D’Andrade, J Berrick
When Policy Meets Practice: The Untested Effects Of Permanency Reforms In Child Welfare, Amy D’Andrade, J Berrick
Faculty Publications
The Adoption and Safe Families Act (P.L. 105-89; ASFA) passed into federal law in 1997. ASFA emphasized child protection over family preservation, and introduced reforms intended to increase the likelihood and the speed with which children in the child welfare system attain a permanent home. This article details two provisions of the law, concurrent planning and reunification exception, and explores challenges in their implementation. These provisions have the potential to shift the nature of how child welfare services are delivered, and which families will receive them. An examination of implementation in the state of California suggests there is a need …
Concurrent Planning In Public Child Welfare Agencies: Oxymoron Or Work In Progress?, Amy C. D’Andrade, L Frame, J D. Berrick
Concurrent Planning In Public Child Welfare Agencies: Oxymoron Or Work In Progress?, Amy C. D’Andrade, L Frame, J D. Berrick
Faculty Publications
Concurrent planning is used increasingly in child welfare practice as one strategy to expedite permanency for children. The strategy was developed in small, private agency contexts utilizing comprehensive and intensive services; how and with what success concurrent planning concepts have been implemented by large public child welfare bureaucracies is not known. This study examines the implementation of concurrent planning in six county child welfare agencies in a large western state. Quantitative data were extracted from case files of a sample of 885 children entering out-of-home care before and after implementation of concurrent planning legislation. Interviews and focus groups with 180 …
Ethical And Legal Standards In Social Work, Frederic G. Reamer
Ethical And Legal Standards In Social Work, Frederic G. Reamer
Faculty Publications
Social workers frequently encounter circumstances involving ethical and legal issues. In many instances, relevant ethical and legal standards complement each other; however, in some circumstances, ethical and legal standards conflict. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the relationship between U.S. ethical and legal standards in social work. The author presents a conceptually based typology of 4 types of relationships between legal and ethical standards. Case examples are included. The author concludes with a decision-making framework designed to enhance social workers' constructive management of difficult decisions involving ethical and legal standards.
Use Of Heavier Drinking Contexts Among Heterosexuals, Homosexuals And Bisexuals: Results From A National Household Probability Survey., K Trocki, Laurie A. Drabble, L T. Midanik
Use Of Heavier Drinking Contexts Among Heterosexuals, Homosexuals And Bisexuals: Results From A National Household Probability Survey., K Trocki, Laurie A. Drabble, L T. Midanik
Faculty Publications
Objective: Extensive use of specific social contexts (bars and parties, for instance) by homosexuals and bisexuals is thought to be a factor in the higher rates of drinking among these groups. However, much of the empirical evidence behind these assumptions has been based on studies with methodological or sampling shortcomings. This article examines the epidemiological patterns of alcohol contexts in relation to sexual identity, using a large, national, probability population survey. Method: We used the 2000 National Alcohol Survey for these analyses. The prevalence of spending leisure time in each of two social contexts (bars and parties) that are associated …
Reports Of Alcohol Consumption And Alcohol-Related Problems Among Homosexual, Bisexual And Heterosexual Respondents: Results From The 2000 National Alcohol Survey, Laurie A. Drabble, L T. Midanik, K Trocki
Reports Of Alcohol Consumption And Alcohol-Related Problems Among Homosexual, Bisexual And Heterosexual Respondents: Results From The 2000 National Alcohol Survey, Laurie A. Drabble, L T. Midanik, K Trocki
Faculty Publications
Objective: Few population-based studies have explored differences in alcohol consumption by sexual orientation. This study examined the prevalence of abstinence, drinking, heavier drinking, alcohol-related problems, alcohol dependence and help-seeking among homosexual and bisexual women and men compared with heterosexuals. Method: Data are from the 2000 National Alcohol Survey, a national population-based survey of adults (N = 7,612), a Random Digit Dialing telephone survey of all 50 states of the United States and Washington, DC. Four categories of sexual orientation were created using questions on both sexual orientation self-identification and behavior: homosexual identified, bisexual identified, heterosexual identified with same sex partners …
An Empirical Examination Of The Indian Child Welfare Act And Its Impact On Cultural And Familial Preservation For American Indian Children, Gordon E. Limb, Toni Chance, Eddie F. Brown
An Empirical Examination Of The Indian Child Welfare Act And Its Impact On Cultural And Familial Preservation For American Indian Children, Gordon E. Limb, Toni Chance, Eddie F. Brown
Faculty Publications
Cultural and familial ties are crucial for the overall well-being of children. Extant research and permanency planning practices support the reunification of children with their families when possible. In 1978, the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA) was enacted to promote cultural and familial preservation for Indian children, but sparse empirical research has examined the implementation and outcomes associated with this landmark legislation. This article examines the relationship between compliance with ICWA in one Southwestern state and the rate of reunification of Indian children with family or tribal members following out-of-home placement.
Using Tribal/State Title Iv-E Agreements To Help American Indian Tribes Access Foster Care And Adoption Funding, Eddie F. Brown, Gordon E. Limb, Chey A. Clifford, Ric Munoz, Leslie Schueler Whitaker
Using Tribal/State Title Iv-E Agreements To Help American Indian Tribes Access Foster Care And Adoption Funding, Eddie F. Brown, Gordon E. Limb, Chey A. Clifford, Ric Munoz, Leslie Schueler Whitaker
Faculty Publications
Funding under Title IV-E has historically not been available to American Indian communities, therefore, tribes have had to develop agreements with states to access these funds for child care services. This study analyzes Title IV-E intergovernmental provisions to help tribes and states strengthen Title IV-E agreements. A nationwide content analysis of existing Title IV-E documents, phone interviews, and focus groups revealed that Title IV-E tribal/state agreements vary widely, with most tribes not receiving full access to state services. These agreements focus on foster care maintenance payments and services. This article includes recommendations to help facilitate tribal access to Title IV-E …
Ethnic/Racial Matching Of Clients And Social Workers In Public Child Welfare, Robin Perry, Gordon E. Limb
Ethnic/Racial Matching Of Clients And Social Workers In Public Child Welfare, Robin Perry, Gordon E. Limb
Faculty Publications
Although considerable debate exists throughout the human-service literature regarding the potential benefits and limitations associated with ethnic/racial matching of clients and workers, there are few studies that examine the prevalence of this practice with large representative samples. This study utilizes a secondary analysis of data collected from 4813 public-child-welfare workers throughout California. Using census data to control for county-specific population demographics, American-Indian, Hispanic/Latino(a), Caucasian, and Asian-American child-welfare workers are more than two times more likely to have caseloads with a high percentage of clients who match their race/ethnicity than workers self-identified as another race/ethnicity. African-American workers are 1.28 times more …
Strain Experienced By Caregivers Of Dementia Patients Receiving Palliative Care: Findings From The Palliative Excellence In Alzheimer’S Care Efforts (Peace) Program, Sadhna Diwan, Gavin W. Hougham, Greg A. Sachs
Strain Experienced By Caregivers Of Dementia Patients Receiving Palliative Care: Findings From The Palliative Excellence In Alzheimer’S Care Efforts (Peace) Program, Sadhna Diwan, Gavin W. Hougham, Greg A. Sachs
Faculty Publications
Programs that provide palliative care to individuals with dementia, which is a progressive terminal illness, are likely to encounter different issues (e.g., management of problem behaviors, caregiver strain extending over years) from those typically addressed by hospice programs. Little research is available on palliative care for individuals with dementia who live in the community.This study examines predictors of types of strain experienced by caregivers of community-dwelling patients with dementia enrolled in a unique demonstration program titled Palliative Excellence in Alzheimer Care Efforts (PEACE), which moved palliative care"upstream," integrating palliative care into the primary care of patients with dementia.Data were collected …
An Evaluation Of Factors Related To The Disproportionate Representation Of Children Of Color In Santa Clara County’S Child Welfare System: Child Welfare Practices And Ethnic/Racial Disproportionality In The Child Welfare System, Alice Hines, Peter Lee, Laurie Drabble, Kathy Lemon Osterling, Julian Chow, Alfred Perez, Lonnie Snowden
An Evaluation Of Factors Related To The Disproportionate Representation Of Children Of Color In Santa Clara County’S Child Welfare System: Child Welfare Practices And Ethnic/Racial Disproportionality In The Child Welfare System, Alice Hines, Peter Lee, Laurie Drabble, Kathy Lemon Osterling, Julian Chow, Alfred Perez, Lonnie Snowden
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Public Child Welfare And The American Indian: A California Profile, Gordon E. Limb, Robin Perry
Public Child Welfare And The American Indian: A California Profile, Gordon E. Limb, Robin Perry
Faculty Publications
Historically, American Indians have been disproportionately represented in public child welfare services. This article reports findings from a survey of all public child welfare workers in California (N= 5,741) in 1998. A descriptive profile of American Indian clients (where they reside and who works with them) and American Indian child welfare workers ( n= 1 71) is detailed. Attempts are made to identify counties with a disproportionately high number of American Indians represented on public child welfare caseloads and to estimate the probability that an American Indian worker would have a higher proportion of American Indians on his or her …
Progress And Opportunities In Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual And Transgender Health Communications, Laurie A. Drabble, J. Keatley, G. Marcelle
Progress And Opportunities In Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual And Transgender Health Communications, Laurie A. Drabble, J. Keatley, G. Marcelle
Faculty Publications
This article describes elements of effective health communication and highlights strategies that may best be adopted or adapted in relation to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations. Studies have documented the utility of multidimensional approaches to health communication from the macro level of interventions targeting entire populations to the micro level of communication between health care provider and consumer. Although evidence of health disparities in LGBT communities underscores the importance of population-specific interventions, health promotion campaigns rarely target these populations and health communication activities seldom account for the diversity of LGBT communities. Advances in health communication suggest promising direction …
An Evaluation Of Factors Related To The Disproportionate Representation Of Children Of Color In Santa Clara County’S Child Welfare System: Child And Family Characteristics And Pathways Through The System Phase 2, Alice Hines, Peter Lee, Laurie Drabble, Lonnie Snowden, Kathy Lemon Osterling
An Evaluation Of Factors Related To The Disproportionate Representation Of Children Of Color In Santa Clara County’S Child Welfare System: Child And Family Characteristics And Pathways Through The System Phase 2, Alice Hines, Peter Lee, Laurie Drabble, Lonnie Snowden, Kathy Lemon Osterling
Faculty Publications
While child abuse and neglect appears to affect children of all racial and ethnic origins (US Department of Health and Human Services, 1998; Sedlack & Broadhurst, 1996), an analysis of national, California and Santa Clara County data on the ethnicities of children in out of home placement reveals that, compared to their presence in the general population, there is a disproportionate involvement of children of color in the public child welfare system (CWS). In Santa Clara County, in particular, when compared to the general population, African American, Hispanic/Latino and Native American children are overrepresented in the CWS, while Asian American/Pacific …
Moral Philosophy Meets Social Work, Frederic G. Reamer
Moral Philosophy Meets Social Work, Frederic G. Reamer
Faculty Publications
In recent years, social workers have become increasingly aware of ethical dilemmas in practice. Beginning especially in the mid-to-late 1970s, social work's literature has included a steady stream of reflections on difficult moral choices involving conflicts among professional duties and obligations (Loewnberg and Dolgoff 1996; Congress 1998; Reamer 1998, 1999). To what extent do clients have the right to engage in self-harming behavior without interference? How should social workers allocate scarce or limited resources such as emergency services, shelter beds, funds, and even their own time? Is it ethically permissible for social workers to violate laws and regulations they believe …
Concurrent Planning: The Influence Of Bypass And Poor Prognosis Indicators On Child Welfare Outcomes, Amy D'Andrade, P. Choice, M. Martin, J.D. Berrick, M. Austin
Concurrent Planning: The Influence Of Bypass And Poor Prognosis Indicators On Child Welfare Outcomes, Amy D'Andrade, P. Choice, M. Martin, J.D. Berrick, M. Austin
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Alcohol, Tobacco, And Pharmaceutical Industry Funding: Considerations For Organizations Serving Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual And Transgender Communities, Laurie A. Drabble
Alcohol, Tobacco, And Pharmaceutical Industry Funding: Considerations For Organizations Serving Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual And Transgender Communities, Laurie A. Drabble
Faculty Publications
Emerging research suggests that alcohol, tobacco and drug-related problems may be higher in lesbian and gay communities than in the population as a whole. At the same time, alcohol, tobacco and pharmaceutical industries have increased marketing strategies that are targeted specifically to lesbian and gay communities. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) and HTV/AIDS organizations, often marginalized and under-funded, have frequently faced significant challenges in funding programs and special events. These organizations are often the very same groups needed to promote and support effective substance abuse countermeasures in LGBT communities. Agency leaders, community members, and substance abuse prevention advocates all …
Training Providers: Working With Lesbian Clients., Laurie A. Drabble
Training Providers: Working With Lesbian Clients., Laurie A. Drabble
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
What Addiction Professionals Need To Know About Welfare Reform And Child Welfare, B Grossman, Laurie A. Drabble
What Addiction Professionals Need To Know About Welfare Reform And Child Welfare, B Grossman, Laurie A. Drabble
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Families Affected By Substance Abuse, Annmarie Mumm, Lenore J. Olsen, Darlene Allen
Families Affected By Substance Abuse, Annmarie Mumm, Lenore J. Olsen, Darlene Allen
Faculty Publications
A generalist approach to practice with families affected by parental addiction is presented. Using a model program for working with parents and children who have been affected by substance abuse, the article illustrates the application of the problem-solving process to effect change at multiple levels, including individual, family, community, organizational, and policy-making levels. The authors describe assessment and intervention strategies at each of these levels and conclude with an evaluation of the project's success.
Attitudinal Predictors Of Preferred Policy Options For Addressing The Needs Of Poor Children: Contrasting Afdc With Work Programs, J. Littrell, Sadhna Diwan
Attitudinal Predictors Of Preferred Policy Options For Addressing The Needs Of Poor Children: Contrasting Afdc With Work Programs, J. Littrell, Sadhna Diwan
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Free Will-Determinism Debate And Social Work, Frederic G. Reamer
The Free Will-Determinism Debate And Social Work, Frederic G. Reamer
Faculty Publications
Social workers'judgments about the determinants of clients' problems have a substantial effect on practitioners' willingness to provide assistance. There is considerable variation in professionals' beliefs about the extent to which clients are themselves responsible for their difficulties, as opposed to factors that are beyond their control. This article examines the philosophical controversy known as the free will-determinism debate, and assesses its implications for the profession of social work.