Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

A Study Of Self-Determined Motivation Toward Physical Education Among Different Levels Of Schooling, Dana J. Perlman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Educational research is continously examining the changes and progress of students throughout their educational career. Understanding student change is a critical element in creating learning settings that can meet the diverse needs of students. An area of inquiry important to the education, engagement and learning of students is their motivation or self-determination. Researchers commonly make an inference that motivation decreases as student's progress throughout their academic career, yet no empirical evidence has been gathered to support these claims. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the self-determined motivation toward physical education of three different groups of students. Data …

Uncertainty Management In Multiobjective Hydro-Thermal Self-Scheduling Under Emission Considerations, Jamshid Aghaei, Abdollah Ahmadi, Abdorreza Rabiee, Vassilios G. Agelidis, Kashem M. Muttaqi, H A. Shayanfar

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

In this paper, a stochastic multiobjective framework is proposed for a day-ahead short-term Hydro Thermal Self-Scheduling (HTSS) problem for joint energy and reserve markets. An efficient linear formulations are introduced in this paper to deal with the nonlinearity of original problem due to the dynamic ramp rate limits, prohibited operating zones, operating services of thermal plants, multi-head power discharge characteristics of hydro generating units and spillage of reservoirs. Besides, system uncertainties including the generating units' contingencies and price uncertainty are explicitly considered in the stochastic market clearing scheme. For the stochastic modeling of probable multiobjective optimization scenarios, a lattice Monte …

Development Of An Mre Adaptive Tuned Vibration Absorber With Self-Sensing Capability, Shuaishuai Sun, Jian Yang, Weihua Li, Huaxia Deng, Haiping Du, Gursel Alici

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

In this paper, self-sensing technology was introduced into an adaptive tuned vibration absorber, incorporating a laminated magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) structure, a hybrid magnetic system and a self-sensing component. The adoption of the laminated MRE structure and the hybrid magnetic system enables the absorber to have higher lateral flexibility and a wider effective frequency range. The integration of the self-sensing capability allows the absorber to operate without sensors and, at the same time, greatly reduces costs, required space and maintenance. A series of experiments were conducted to measure the frequency shift property, to verify the self-sensing capability and to evaluate its …

Self-Determination Theory And Teacher Instruction: A Positive Partnership For Student Performance And Involvement, Dana Perlman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of distinct motivationally-based instructional approaches on student's game performance and involvement. 78 secondary physical education students were taught a unit of volleyball using one in either an autonomy-supportive, controlling or balanced instructional style. Using a pretest and posttest design, students were measured on their game performance and involvement during 20-minute game of volleyball. Data analysis indicated that students engaged in the autonomy-supportive context illustrated significantly higher levels of performance and involvement when compared with the other groups.

System Implementation Of Self-Mixing Interferometry Technique-Based Measurement On Young's Modulus, Ke Lin, Yanguang Yu, Zhenghao Liu, Jiangtao Xi, Huijun Li, Cuiling Liu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Young's modulus (denoted by E) is an intrinsic and valuable quantity for appropriate estimation of material performance. E can be obtained from the resonant frequency from the vibration of the tested material sample excited by the external forces. In this paper, we present a system design for determining the parameter by using an optical feedback self-mixing interferometry (OFSMI) system. An OFSMI system consists of a laser diode (LD), a micro-lens and an external target. The material sample to be tested is used as the external target. The vibration of the sample causes the variation of the length of the external …

Self-Reported Gambling Problems And Digital Traces, James Phillips, James Sargeant, Rowan Ogeil, Yang-Wai Chow, Alex Blaszczynski

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Copyright 2014, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2014. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), lists concealment as one of the symptoms of a gambling disorder. However, some transactions are more likely to leave permanent records of gambling transactions (credit, consumer loyalty schemes) than others (cash, Internet cash, Internet cafes, prepaid phones). An online survey of 815 participants recruited through newspaper and online sites elicited consumer preferences for a variety of transactions and communication media. Hierarchical multiple regression accounted for age, gender, housing status, and involvement in gambling before considering relationships between consumer preferences and scores on …

Changing Accuracy Of Self-Reported Bmi Over Time In Nsw, Australia, Margo Barr, David G. Steel, Raymond A. Ferguson

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

No abstract provided.

Adaptive Diagrams: A Research Agenda To Explore How Learners Can Manipulate Online Diagrams To Self-Manage Cognitive Load, Shirley Agostinho, Sharon Tindall-Ford, Sahar Bokosmaty

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This chapter presents an emerging research agenda focused on empowering learners to apply well-known instructional design principles, reserved mainly for application by instructional designers, to the design of diagrams to support their learning. Significant advances have been made in terms of developing design principles that can be applied to the design of diagrams to facilitate the efficient learning of diagrammatic information. However, little is known about how these design principles can be applied by learners themselves. In a technologically rich environment where learners can access a range of online diagrammatic information, we argue that it is imperative that learners' are …

Design And Development Of A Novel Displacement Differential Self-Induced Magnetorheological Damper, Guoliang Hu, Yi Ru, Weihua Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

This article presents the development of a novel magnetorheological damper which has a self-sensing ability. In this study, a linear variable differential sensor, which was based on the electromagnetic induction mechanism, was integrated with a conventional magnetorheological damper. The working principle, configuration, and prototype of the displacement differential self-induced magnetorheological damper based on the integrated linear variable differential sensor technology were presented. A mathematical model of the proposed displacement differential self-induced magnetorheological damper was established. The finite element model was built with two-dimensional Maxwell software and the magnetic simulations were presented. With this approach, the influence of the flux leakage, …

Equilibrium States On The Cuntz-Pimsner Algebras Of Self-Similar Actions, Marcelo Laca, Iain Raeburn, Jacqui Ramagge, Michael Whittaker

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

We consider a family of Cuntz-Pimsner algebras associated to self-similar group actions, and their Toeplitz analogues. Both families carry natural dynamics implemented by automorphic actions of the real line, and we investigate the equilibrium states (the KMS states) for these dynamical systems. We find that for all inverse temperatures above a critical value, the KMS states on the Toeplitz algebra are given, in a very concrete way, by traces on the full group algebra of the group. At the critical inverse temperature, the KMS states factor through states of the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra; if the self-similar group is contracting, then the …

Measuring Young's Modulus Using A Self-Mixing Laser Diode, Ke Lin, Yanguang Yu, Jiangtao Xi, Yuanlong Fan, Huijun Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

This paper presents a novel approach for determining the Young’s modulus by using a self-mixing laser diode (SMLD). An SMLD system consists of a laser diode (LD), a microlens and an external target. With a small portion of light backscatterd or reflected by the target re-entering the LD inside cavity, both the amplitude and frequency of the LD power are modulated. This modulated LD power is referred as a self-mixing signal (SMS) which is detected by the photodiode (PD) packaged in the rear of the LD. The external target is the tested sample which is in damping vibration excited by …

Illusory Scene Shearing During Real And Illusory Self-Rotations In Roll, Stephen Palmisano, Robert Allison, Ian Howard

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at The Asia-Pacific Conference on Vision (APCV) 2014 19-22 July 2014, Takamatsu, Japan

Personal Best Goal And Self-Regulation As Predictors Of Mathematics Achievement: A Multilevel Structural Equation Model, Magdalena Mo Ching Mok, Michael Ying Wah Wong, Michael Ronald Su, Jim S. Tognolini, Gordon Stanley

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study aimed to identify personal best goal and self-regulation as predictors of mathematics achievement for primary students. The sample comprised 3,821 (2,021 males and 1,800 females) students between Grades 3 to Grade 5 at 26 primary schools in Hong Kong. Students' personal best goals and self-regulation were used to predict their mathematics achievement six months later. Multilevel structural equation models were fitted to the data using the MPLUS software. Results showed that after controlling for student gender and grade level, students' personal best goal predicted their subsequent mathematics achievement. In contrast, self-regulation had no direct effect on students' mathematics …

Service Quality, Citizen Satisfaction, And Loyalty With Self-Service Delivery Options To Transforming E-Government Services, Akemi Chatfield, Jazem Alanazi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

With the growing recognition of the citizen's role in service demand and self-service delivery, there is an increased impetus on building citizen satisfaction and loyalty with government's e-services. With the global trend in transforming government services through e-government, research on citizen interactions with web-based selfservice delivery options has been recently emerging in IS and e-government literatures. This study aims to contribute to post-adoption research by developing a model of citizen loyalty with government online self-service delivery options. We empirically test the proposed model through an analysis of 402 survey data collected from Saudi citizens/users of e-government transactional services. Multiple regression …

Daedalic Dna Vaccination Against Self Antigens As A Treatment For Chronic Kidney Disease, Yuan Min Wang, Jimmy Jianheng Zhou, Ya Wang, Debbie Watson, Geoff Yu Zhang, Min Hu, Huiling Wu, Guoping Zheng, Yiping Wang, Anne M. Durkan, David Ch Harris, Stephen I. Alexander

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major cause of death and morbidity in Australia and worldwide. DNA vaccination has been used for targeting foreign antigens to induce immune responses and prevent autoimmune disease, viral infection and cancer. However, the use of DNA vaccination has been restricted by a limited ability to induce strong immune responses, especially against self-antigens which are limited by mechanisms of self-tolerance. Furthermore, there have been few studies on the potential of DNA vaccination in chronic inflammatory diseases, including CKD. We have established strategies of DNA vaccination targeting specific self-antigens in the immune system including co-stimulatory pathways, …

Food Groups And Fatty Acids Associated With Self-Reported Depression: An Analysis From The Australian National Nutrition And Health Surveys, Barbara J. Meyer, Nithin Kolanu, David A. Griffiths, Ben Grounds, Peter R. C Howe, Irene A. Kreis

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the associations between incidence of depression and dietary intakes of foods and fatty acids in adult Australians. Methods Data from the 1995 Australian National Nutrition Survey (NNS), the 1995 Australian National Health Survey (NHS) and an updated fatty acid database were merged and the 24-h fatty acid intakes were calculated for the 10 986 adult participants ages 18 to 79 y in the 1995 NNS. The merged data set was used to run a logistic regression with depression as the response variable and the food groups and calculated fatty acid values, …

Self-Reported Side Effects Of Breast Cancer Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study Of Incidence, Associations, And The Influence Of Exercise, Sheridan A. Gho, Julie R. Steele, Sandra C. Jones, Bridget J. Munro

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Purpose Side effects as a result of breast cancer treatment may have a lasting detrimental impact on quality of life. Exercise has been shown to be an effective intervention in post-treatment care. This study aimed to gain a better understanding of breast cancer treatment-related side effects through identifying potential patient characteristic associations, including current levels of exercise.

Methods Four hundred and thirty-two breast cancer patients completed an online survey covering their treatment and demographic background, current exercise levels, and self-reported treatment side effects. Side effects were considered in a binary logistic regression against age, surgery, currently undergoing treatment, and exercise …

Forget Children, Self-Regulating Ads Only Helps The Food Industry, Sandra C. Jones

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The food industry’s commitment to actually reducing inappropriate food marketing to children is called into question by a paper published today in the open-access journal PLOS ONE. Couple this with research published last week showing drinking soft drinks makes children aggressive, and you won’t be alone in thinking it’s time to do something about how junk food and kids mix.

Personality Change Predicts Self-Reported Mental And Physical Health, Christopher A. Magee, Patrick C. L Heaven, Leonie M. Miller

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective Personality dimensions are known to predict mortality and other health outcomes, but almost no research has assessed the effects of changes in personality traits on physical and mental health outcomes. In this article, we examined the effects of changes in the Big Five personality dimensions on health as assessed by the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Method Respondents were 11,105 Australian adults aged 2079 years (52.7% female). Latent difference score modeling was used to examine whether personality change over a 4-year period was associated with mental and physical health, and whether these effects were moderated by birth cohort. Results …

Manipulation Of The Self-Determined Learning Environment On Student Motivation And Affect Within Secondary Physical Education, Dana Perlman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Secondary physical education (PE) has become a popular area of inquiry because students are not meeting overarching goals of PE programs, are less motivated, and demonstrate negative affect while in class. As such, teachers and researchers are starting to examine pedagogical approaches that support student motivation as a means to alleviate some of the aforementioned issues. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of two different learning contexts based within self-determination theory on the motivation and affect of secondary PE students. Seventy-nine secondary PE students were randomly assigned to a unit of basketball taught in either a …

Self-Forgiveness, Shame, And Guilt In Recovery From Drug And Alcohol Problems, Breanna J. Mcgaffin, Geoffrey C. B Lyons, Frank P. Deane

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: People with drug and/or alcohol problems often experience feelings of shame and guilt, which have been associated with poorer recovery. Self-forgiveness has the potential to reduce these negative experiences. Methods: The current study tested theorized mediators (acceptance, conciliatory behavior, empathy) of the relationships between shame and guilt with self-forgiveness. A cross-sectional sample of 133 individuals (74.4% male) receiving residential treatment for substance abuse completed self-report measures of shame, guilt, self-forgiveness, and the mediators. Results: Consistent with previous research, guilt had a positive association with self-forgiveness, whereas shame was negatively associated with self-forgiveness. Acceptance mediated the guilt and self-forgiveness relationship …

Effective Teaching And Motivation: Application Of Self-Determination Theory, Dana J. Perlman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Developing quality and effective future teachers is a cornerstone of all teacher-education programs. An area of inquiry that has been identified as influential within the teacher development process is the concept of motivation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine if there were differences between elements of effective teaching based on preservice teachers (PTs) motivation toward teaching. 68 (Male=44; Female=24) undergraduate Physical and Health Education PTs were recruited within this study. PT data were collected on their motivation toward teaching and elements of effective teaching. Results indicated that motivation was associated with elements of effective teaching.

Self-Assembly Of Hierarchical Star-Like Co3o4 Micro/Nanostructures And Their Application In Lithium Ion Batteries, Li Li, Kuok Hau Seng, Zhixin Chen, Zaiping Guo, Hua-Kun Liu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

A novel hierarchical star-like Co3O4 was successfully synthesized from self-assembled hierarchical Co(OH)F precursors via a facile hydrothermal method and subsequent annealing in air. The morphological evolution process of the Co(OH)F precursors was investigated by examining the different reaction times during synthesis. First, hexagonal plates are formed, and then nanodiscs grow on the surface of the plates. Subsequently, dissolution and regrowth of Co(OH)F occur to form the star-like hierarchical structures. Co3O4 obtained from thermal decomposition of the Co(OH)F precursor in air at 350 °C exhibited high reversible capacity as an anode material in lithium ion batteries. The specific charge capacity of …

Development And Validation Of An Insulin Proficiency Assessment Tool For Insulin Self-Management In Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Dianna Fornasier, Andrew Bonney

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

No abstract provided.

Maximizing The Healthcare Environment: A Systematic Review Exploring The Potential Of Computer Technology To Promote Self-Management Of Chronic Illness In Healthcare Settings, Mairtin S. Mcdermott, Alison E. While

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Objective The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the effectiveness of using computers to deliver patient self-management programs (PSMPs) to patients with chronic illness in health supported settings. Methods We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), where the experimental intervention was compared either with an equivalent 'standard' PSMP delivered by staff, usual care or no intervention and reported data either on clinical or behavioral outcomes. We conducted a narrative synthesis, incorporating a small quantitative analysis to enable comparisons across studies. Results A total of 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. There was insufficient evidence to determine whether computer-based PSMPs …

Vection During Conflicting Multisensory Information About The Axis, Magnitude And Direction Of Self-Motion, April Ash, Stephen Palmisano

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

We examined the vection induced by consistent and conflicting multisensory information about self-motion. Observers viewed displays simulating constant-velocity self-motion in depth while physically oscillating their heads left ^ right or back ^ forth in time with a metronome. Their tracked head movements were either ignored or incorporated directly into the self-motion display (as an added simulated self-acceleration). When this head oscillation was updated into displays, sensory conflict was generated by simulating oscillation along: (i) an orthogonal axis to the head movement; or (ii) the same axis, but in a non-ecological direction. Simulated head oscillation always produced stronger vection than `no …

Self-Assembled Gels From Biological And Synthetic Polyelectrolytes, Paul Calvert, Skander Limem, Don Mccallum, Gordon G. Wallace, Marc In Het Panhuis

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Inkjet printing of alternate layers of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes allows organized gels to form with structures similar to those made by layer--by-layer dipping methods but very much faster. Structures of gels formed using slow and fast inkjet printing systems are compared using elemental analysis, swelling and diffusion kinetics as characterization methods. After printing and washing, most sodium or chloride counter-ions are last from the gel, leave only the polymer complex. The swelling properties of the printed and washed gel depend on the deposition rate and on the ratio of the two polymers as originally printed. The synthetic polyelectrolytes reported …

Influences On Students' Dispositions In Key Stage 3: Exploring Enjoyment Of School, Popularity, Anxiety, Citizenship Values And Academic Self-Concepts In Year 9, Pam Sammons, Kathy Sylva, Edward Melhuish, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart, Rebecca Smees, Diana Draghici, Katalin Toth

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The Effective Pre-school, Primary and Secondary Education Project (EPPSE) has investigated the academic and social-behavioural development of approximately 3,000 children from the age of 3+ years since 1997. This Research Brief reports on students' dispositions when they were age 14 (Year 9) in six main areas: 'enjoyment of school', 'academic self concept' (English and maths), 'popularity', 'citizenship values' and 'anxiety'. It examines how these dispositions have changed during Key Stage 3 (KS3) and the relationships between dispositions and a range of individual student, family, home, pre-, primary and secondary school measures. It shows how school experiences help to shape dispositions, …

Star Shots: Stigma, Self Disclosure And Celebrity In Bipolar Disorder, Wendy Cross, Ken Walsh

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

Directionless Vection: A New Illusory Self-Motion Perception, Takeharu Seno, Y Yamada, Stephen A. Palmisano

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

We report a new visual illusion, "directionless vection." When expanding and contracting optic flows are simultaneously presented in the same depth plane, observers can perceive illusory self-motion (vection) without direction