Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Diet And Metabolic Syndrome: Where Does Resistant Starch Fit In?, Linda C. Tapsell

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Metabolic syndrome is a term linking the clinical profiles of some of the world’s major health problems today: obesity, heart disease and diabetes. It is predicated on dietary patterns, and particularly on the delivery of fuel. The effects may be seen first in the development of abdominal obesity and insulin resistance leading to type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease. This review examines the role resistant starch might play in the prevention and management of these conditions. Beginning with a definition of resistant starch, a critical review of the scientific literature is presented. Current knowledge suggests that resistant starch …

Jitter And Size Effects On Vection Are Immune To Experimental Instructions And Demands, Stephen A. Palmisano, Amy Y. Chan

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Both coherent perspective jitter and explicit changing-size cues have been shown to improve the vection induced by radially expanding optic flow. The current study examined whether these stimulus-based vection advantages could be modified by altering cognitions/expectations about both the likelihood of self-motion perception and the purpose of the experiment. In the main experiment, participants were randomly assigned into two groups – one where the cognitive conditions biased participants towards self-motion perception and another where the cognitive conditions biased them towards object motion perception. Contrary to earlier findings by Lepecq et al (1995), we found that identical visual displays were less …

An Adaptive Channel Tracking Method For Mimo- Ofdm Systems, Jun Tong, Yaohuan Gong, Shengxian Sun

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The tracking of the time-varying channel is crucial for MIMO-OFDM wireless communication systems. Aiming at doubly-selective fading MIMO channels, we present a novel pilot pattern and the corresponding adaptive channel tracking algorithm. Compared with the traditional pilot patterns, the new pattern has higher frequency efficiency and is more suitable for large transmit arrays. The computational complexity, frequency efficiency and BER performance of the system assisted by the proposed channel tracking scheme are analyzed. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can track the timevarying channel effectively

Community Technology Centres: A Proposed Framework For Sustainability, William J. Tibben, Carole A. Alcock

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The effectiveness of Community Technology Centres (CTCs) in meeting many of the challenges presented by the digital divide invites a closer scrutiny of factors that contribute to their sustainability. The success of CTCs appears to be related to the way in which these initiatives are able to respond to the multifaceted nature of the digital divide problem. However, more systematic approaches are required to enable the identification of common factors that contribute to sustainability in different contexts. The paper responds to this challenge by initially reviewing recent contributions on the digital divide debate. From a more refined understanding of what …

Maple+Grtensorii Libraries For Cosmology, Dumitru N. Vulcanov, Valentina-Mira Wheeler

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The article mainly presents some results in using MAPLE platform for com- puter algebra (CA) and GrTensorII package in doing calculations for theoretical and numerical cosmology.

Bifurcation Phenomena For An Oxidation Reaction In A Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor. Ii Diabatic Operation, Mark Nelson, Harvinder Sidhu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

We extend an investigation into the bifurcation phenomena exhibited by an oxidation reaction in an adiabatic reactor to the case of a diabatic reactor. The primary bifurcation parameter is the fuel fraction; the inflow pressure and inflow temperature are the secondary bifurcation parameters. The inclusion of heat loss in the model does not change the static steady-state bifurcation diagram; the organising centre is a pitchfork singularity for both the adiabatic and diabatic reactors. However, unlike the adiabatic reactor, Hopf bifurcations may occur in the diabatic reactor. We construct the degenerate Hopf bifurcation curve by determining the double-Hopf locus. When the …

Classification Theorems For The C*-Algebras Of Graphs With Sinks, Iain Raeburn, Mark Tomforde, Dana Williams

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

We consider graphs E which have been obtained by adding one or more sinks to a fixed directed graph G. We classify the C^*-algebra of E up to a very strong equivalence relation, which insists, loosely speaking, that C^*(G) is kept fixed. The main invariants are vectors W_E: G⁰ → which describe how the sinks are attached to G; more precisely, the invariants are the classes of the W_E in the cokernel of the map A – I, where A is the adjacency matrix of the graph …

Dynamic Properties And Liquefaction Behavior Of Granular Materials Using Discrete Element Method, S V. Dinesh, T G. Sitharam, J S Vinod

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Dynamic properties of the soil such as shear modulus and damping ratio are important parameters in the prediction of the dynamic response of geotechnical engineering structures. Though these properties are dependent on several factors, strain amplitude and confining pressure have a major effect. Liquefaction is another important phenomenon associated with the undrained response of granular materials in loose state. In this paper, the results of the numerical simulation of cyclic triaxial shear tests on three-dimensional assembly consisting of 1000 sphere particles using Discrete Element Method (DEM) have been reported under undrained conditions. From the results, the shear modulus and damping …

Placement And Penetration Of Distributed Generation Under Standard Market Design, Ashish Agalgaonkar, S V. Kulkarni, S A. Khaparde, S A. Soman

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Distributed Generation (DG) can help in reducing the cost of electricity to the costumer, relieve network congestion and provide environmentally friendly energy close to load centers. Its capacity is also scalable and it provides voltage support at distribution level. Hence, DG placement and penetration level is an important problem for both the utility and DG owner. The cost of electricity as a commodity depends upon market model. The restructured power markets are slowly maturing with standardizations like Standard Market Design (SMD). The key feature of SMD is the Locational Marginal Pricing (LMP) scheme. This paper examines placement and penetration level …

Smoothing With Mixed Model Software, Long Ngo, M P. Wand

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Smoothing methods that use basis functions with penalization can be formulated as fits in a mixed model framework. One of the major benefits is that software for mixed model analysis can be used for smoothing. We illustrate this for several smoothing models such as additive and varying coefficient models for both S-PLUS and SAS software. Code for each of the illustrations is available on the Internet.

Effect Of Aging And Deformation On The Microstructure And Properties Of Fe-Ni-Ti Maraging Steel, A Shekhter, H I. Aaronson, M K. Miller, S P. Ringer, E V. Pereloma

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The age-hardening behavior of Fe−25.3Ni−1.7 Ti (wt pct) alloy both in undeformed specimens and in specimens cold deformed by 10 or 20 pct prior to aging was studied. The microstructural changes during aging were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom probe analysis and there were related to the mechanical properties as measured by microhardness and shear punch testing. An excellent combination of hardness, strength, and ductility was achieved after only 5 seconds aging at 550°C. We propose that this rapid strengthening is due to a dislocation friction effect arising from the formation of a fine dispersion of Ni−Ti …

Role Of Cr And P Additions In The Development Of Microstructure And Texture In Annealed Low Carbon Steels, E V. Pereloma, I B. Timokhina, A I. Nosenkov, J J. Jonas

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The recrystallisation behaviour of four warm rolled steels was investigated during annealing. The extra-low carbon (ELC) steel displayed the highest rate of recrystallisation, the steels with additions of chromium and phosphorus (LC(Cr)), (LC(Cr,P)) recrystallised at intermediate rates, while the interstitial-free (IF) steel exhibited the lowest rate. The additions of Cr and Cr/P increased the fraction of g-fibre in the annealing textures compared to that present in the ELC steel; this effect was particularly pronounced up to 50 % recrystallisation. After the completion of recrystallisation, the steel textures were characterized by a dominant g-fibre in the IF steel, while in the …

On A Heat Problem Involving The Perturbed Hardy-Sobolev Operator, Nirmalendu Chaudhuri, Kunnath Sandeep

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

No abstract provided.

Estimation Of Diffusion Coefficients, Lateral Shear Stress, And Velocity In Open Channels With Complex Geometry, Shu-Qing Yang, Jian-Xing Yu, Yuan-Zhan Wang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The lateral distributions of depth-averaged apparent shear stress, depth mean velocity, and diffusion coefficients are essential in certain quantitative analysis for sediment transport and environmental studies. An analytical method for the computation of these parameters is presented. A mathematical relationship between these parameters, based on the concept of surplus energy transport through a minimum relative distance developed by Yang and Lim [1997], is established, the depth-averaged apparent shear stress is determined from the boundary shear stress, depth mean velocity is obtained by considering the influence of nonuniform shear velocity and the free surface in 3-D channels, and the diffusion coefficients …

Landscape Management: Is It The Future?, R. J. Whelan

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

As a Keynote Address at the 2004 Nature Conservation Council Conference, Bushfire in a Changing Environment - New Directions in Management, this paper argues that the landscape is a template with biodiversity assets, and human assets and bushfires overlaid. Two case studies, the Greater Glider and Eastern Bristlebird, are used to illustrate how the impact of bushfire on a species is contingent on it is distributed in the landscape, relative to the locations of its remnant habitat. Mitigation of bushfire effects, using fuel-reduction programs, is a process that also needs to be considered at a landscape scale, and has the …

The Ad 1607 Coastal Flood In The Bristol Channel And Severn Estuary: Historical Records From Devon And Cornwall (Uk), S. K. Haslett, Edward A. Bryant

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

The 1607 coastal flood was a high magnitude event that may have been the result of either a storm surge or a tsunami wave(s). Contemporary accounts describe the impacts of the surge/wave at Appledore and Barnstaple in North Devon, and a 19'x' century comment exists for Hayle in. Cornwall. An examination restricted to these local accounts reveals that the surge altitude or tsunami run-up at Appledore, at the estuary mouth, exceeded 8.5 in OD (a surge/wave height in excess of 3.28 in, possibly lip to c. 7-8 in), and at Barnstaple, about 12 km up-estuary it reached 7.53 in OD …

Plasminogen Binding By Group A Streptococcal Isolates From A Tropical Region With Hyperendemic Streptococcal Skin Infection And A High Incidence Of Invasive Infection, F. C. Mckay, Jason D. Mcarthur, Martina L. Sanderson-Smith, S. Gardam, B. J. Currie, K. S. Sriprakash, P. K. Fagan, R. J. Towers, M. R. Batzloff, G. S. Chhatwal, Marie Ranson, Mark J. Walker

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Reports of resurgence in invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) infections come mainly from affluent populations with infrequent exposure to GAS. In the tropical Northern Territory (NT) of Australia, high incidence of invasive GAS disease is secondary to endemic skin infection; serotype M1 clones are rare in invasive infection; the diversity and level of exposure to GAS strains is high and no particular strains dominate. Expression of a plasminogen-binding group A streptococcal M-like protein (PAM) has been associated with skin infection in isolates elsewhere (Bessen, D., C.M. Sotir, T.M. Readdy, and S.K. Hollingshead.1996. J. Infect. Dis. 173:896-900) and subversion of the …

Photosynthesis In Silico. Overcoming The Challenges Of Photosynthesis Education Using A Multimedia Cd-Rom, A. W. Russell, G. M.A. Netherwood, Sharon A. Robinson

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Photosynthesis is a central topic in biology education. It remains one of the most challenging, largely because of a) its conceptual difficulty, leading to lack of interest and misconceptions among students; b) the difficulties students have in visualising the process, or relating it to things they can see, especially when the topic is presented purely as a molecular process; and c) limitations to the practical demonstration of photosynthesis because equipment is either cheap, unreliable and antiquated or prohibitively expensive. In response, we have combined expertise in photosynthesis research and education, and in graphic design, to produce an interactive, multimedia package, …

Negotiating Nature: Collaboration And Conflict Between Aboriginal And Conservation Interests In New South Wales, Australia, Michael Adams

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Faced with the paradox of a large global increase in conservation reserves and a simultaneous global decrease in actual effective protection for biodiversity, conservation scientists and policymakers are questioning established conservation theory and practice. I argue that the fundamental premises, the foundational myths, for Western-style conservation also need to be questioned. The statistics on Indigenous land claims, and conservation reserves, in Australia and more specifically the state of New South Wales (NSW), reveal a landscape of policy failure in both arenas. Focusing on Australia, I use spatial analysis and policy histories to demonstrate converging trajectories of land use priorities for …

Land-Based Activities And Impacts On Coral Reefs And The Marine Environment Of The Pacific Islands, Robert John Morrison, N. S. Tuivavalagi

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

This paper recognizes the fact some of the problems encountered in the coral reefs and marine environment of the Pacific are actually due to land-based activities. This message needs to be clearly brought to the attention of farmers and others who work the land - as well as to fishermen and others whose activities focus on coral reefs and the marine environment.

The paper discusses the Pacific environment and some relevant key issues. The paper goes on to discuss land-based activities that harm the coral reef environment - with some emphasis on agricultural activities and soil erosion; however, the impacts …

Charge-On-Spring Polarizable Water Models Revisited: From Water Clusters To Liquid Water To Ice, Haibo Yu, Wilfred Van Gunsteren

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

The properties of two improved versions of charge-on-spring �COS� polarizable water models (COS/G2 and COS/G3) that explicitly include nonadditive polarization effects are reported. In COS models, the polarization is represented via a self-consistently induced dipole moment consisting of a pair of separated charges. A previous polarizable water model (COS/B2), upon which the improved versions are based, was developed by Yu, Hansson, and van Gunsteren �J. Chem. Phys. 118, 221 �2003��. To improve the COS/B2 model, which overestimated the dielectric permittivity, one additional virtual atomic site was used to reproduce the water monomer quadrupole moments besides the water monomer dipole moment …

Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of Peptides Containing An Unnatural Amino Acid: Dimerization, Folding, And Protein Binding, Haibo Yu, Xavier Daura, Wilfred Van Gunsteren

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

We have performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the dimerization, folding, and binding to a protein of peptides containing an unnatural amino acid. NMR studies have shown that the substitution of one residue in a tripeptide β-strand by the unnatural amino acid Hao (5-HO2CCONH-2-MeO-C6H3-CO-NHNH2) modifies the conformational flexibility of the β-strand and the hydrogen-bonding properties of its two edges: The number of hydrogen-bond donors and acceptors increases at one edge, whereas at the other, they are sterically hindered. In simulations in chloroform, the Hao-containing peptide 9 (i-PrCO-Phe-Hao-Val-NHBu) forms a β-sheet–like hydrogen-bonded dimer, in good agreement with the available experimental …