Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

‘Go Out Museums!’ Museums’ Political Relevance Within The Current Media Environment, Carolina Betancur Botero Ms.

Major Papers

At their best, museums are institutions that create transformative experiences for their visitors. Therefore, many scholars and museum professionals have advocated for museums that do not only display narratives through their exhibitions but also take part in social change. This task becomes even more relevant when digital platforms and social media, today’s predominant sources of information as well as prime providers of spaces for social and political interactions, have proven to have negative effects for society. Despite their beneficial outcomes, new media technologies promote commoditization, ephemerality, immediacy and individualism, effects that disturb the sense of solidarity, empathy and sense of …

Resilience Pathways, Childhood Escape Routes, And Mentors Reported By Gay And Bisexual Men Affected By Syndemic Conditions, Barry D. Adam

Sociology, Anthropology, and Criminology Publications

Investigation of the social and psychological antecedents of the HIV epidemic has identified a syndemic of conditions associated with risk behavior and seroconversion. This study inquires into the resilient practices and developmental processes of gay and bisexual men at the nexus of syndemic conditions to understand the pathways that lead to health problems or well-being. Interviews with 40 men identified branching pathways from home environments into schools that either offer refuge or a regime of gender discipline and bullying. Some found escape routes from hostile environments in worlds of books, pop culture, or internet chat. In adolescence, one set of …

Toward A Definition Of Transnational Girlhood, Catherine Vanner

Education Publications

In this article, I join a conversation about the definition and value of the term transnational girlhood. After surveying the fields of transnationalism, transnational feminism, and girlhood studies, I reflect on the representation of girls who act or are discussed as transnational figures. I critique the use of the term, analyze movements that connect girls across borders, and close by identifying four features of transnational girlhood: cross-border connections based on girls’ localized lived experiences; intersectional analysis that prioritizes the voices of girls from the Global South who, traditionally, have had fewer opportunities to speak than their Global North counterparts; recognition …

When Establishment And Social Movements Fail: Exploring The Populist Candidacies Of The 2016 American Presidential Primaries, Nancy Duffy

Major Papers

This paper takes a second look at the 2016 American Presidential Primaries from the perspective of asking what the American people were really after then they chose to ultimately support populism. Media reports and editorial discussions all pointed to a base that was somehow backing misogyny and racism. My research points to an alternative. Populism and social movement theory suggest that the success of anti-establishment candidacies is not credited to populists alone; in the case of 2016, it had support in the credibility and political opportunity left by social movements past. And so to investigate this historic battle between the …

A Review Of Emission Trading Systems, Aaron Matthew Gorski

Major Papers

This paper serves as a review of emission trading systems as a means to achieve reductions in the level of greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants around the world. The review begins with the history of emission trading, beginning with early theoretical frameworks developed by economists in the 1960s and 1970s, followed by early implementations of permit markets similar to modern day emission trading systems. International negotiations related to emission reductions such as the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement are discussed. Next, the economic mechanisms of emission trading systems are discussed, including a brief comparison to carbon taxes as an …

Economic Effects Of Solar Activity: Evidence From Canada, Zichun Zhao

Major Papers

This papers uses a three-sector Real Business Cycle model with a stochastic sunspot volatility shock to estimate the adverse effects of intense solar activity to the economy of Canada. To the best of my knowledge this is the first study to measure the adverse effects of intense solar activity in Canada. Calibrating the model for Canada's economy, I found that a solar activity shock leads to lower output, consumption, and investment. These findings are confirmed from an econometric exercise using Canadian data. Precisely, this paper finds that every percentage point increase in solar activity generates a 0.26 percentage point decrease …

Municipal Government: Social Media And Youth Engagement, Jordyn D. J. Bailey

Major Papers

Social media outlets such as Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube allow for the development of an online community for individuals to communicate and connect with others throughout the world. For this paper, social media outlets are understood to offer a solution to the ongoing issue of political disengagement found among youth between the ages of 18 and 34. Municipalities commonly experience low voter turnout during elections, causing a shift in candidates’ focus from traditional forms of campaigning towards the use of social media. The political disengagement among youth has been attributed to a lack of knowledge on politics and a lack …

Development Finance Institutions As Tools For Foreign Aid Distribution: A Comparative Analysis Of The Overseas Private Investment Corporation, Findev Canada And Deutsche Investitions – Und Entwicklungsgesellschaft, Kamal Mann

Major Papers

An understanding of how foreign aid has changed requires a thorough examination of the efforts taken in aid to address the widening finance gap in development, alongside the often-contested issue of aid effectiveness. This is particularly the case when looking at how aid should be paid for. Yet the question of how to best program and deliver foreign aid remains unanswered.

Aid remains one of the largest aspects of international transfers of resources that occur in the world, as such it is important to study it. The rise of Development Finance Institutions, which are publicly owned, private lending institutions helps …

The Democracy Defibrillator: The Decline Of Canadian Voter Turnout In Federal Elections, And Suggestions For Revitalisation, Andre Real Ouellet

Major Papers

This Major Research Paper analyses the decline of voter turnout in Canadian federal elections since 1988, looking at some of the reasoning for this and discussing some solutions for the growth of turnout in the future. As well as analyzing the issue of youth voting in particular, the paper discusses several possibilities to fix the system, utilising case study to find concepts that worked elsewhere.

Specifically, the extension of the minimum voting age to 16 years old, changes to the voting system (in terms of moving away from First Past The Post) and mandatory voting laws are discussed as possible …

Psychosocial Interventions For Emergent Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: Near-Empty Systematic Review And Exploratory Meta-Analysis, Rachel R. Jewell, Kevin M. Gorey

Social Work Publications

Risk for developing mental health concerns is increased for people with diabetes. Coupled with stressors related to the transition from adolescence to adulthood, emergent adults may be in greater need of psychosocial interventions to help them cope. This review summarizes the literature on interventions used with people with diabetes aged 15–30 years on psychosocial and biological (A1C) outcomes. Core databases were searched for both published and grey research. Studies completed between January 1985 and October 2018 using any psychosocial intervention and meeting age and diabetes type requirements were selected if they included a control or comparison group and findings reported …

Critical Questions For Archives As (Big) Data, Devon R. Mordell

Leddy Library Publications

We may observe a growing preoccupation in archival literature with characterizing digital archives as big data – a term that suitably captures both their scale and their potential for manipulation through the application of computational methods and techniques for the purposes of discovering new insights. The possibilities for working with digital archives as data, from supporting archival arrangement and description tasks to promoting the use of digital archives as data sets by researchers, are indeed encouraging. But what are digital archives becoming when they are reframed as data, big or otherwise? What consequences might such a conceptualization have for the …

Oil Exploration And Production In Sub-Saharan Africa, 1990-Present: Trends And Developments, Emmanuel Graham, Jesse Salah Ovadia

Political Science Publications

The exploration and production of oil and gas continue to be vigorously pursued by African states and international corporations—both large and small. However, with unpredictable fluctuations in oil prices it becomes more difficult to exploit these resources in ways which accrue net benefits to both the state and its citizens. The oil and gas industry in Africa continues to grow and attract new investment, especially from China and India. Despite the lower price of oil, exploration and production activities continue to be carried out. At the same time, the possibilities for oil and gas to be a blessing narrow. Natural …

Rethinking Retirement For The 21st Century, Stephen C. Russo

Major Papers

Canada’s labour force has been gradually growing older in recent decades. An aging labour force creates significant problems for the country and the future growth of our economy. With an aging labour force, comes the need to start rethinking how Canadians look at retirement in the 21^st century and how both the government and private sector can contribute solutions to adapting to an older workforce. This problem is not unique to Canada, most of the industrialized west has been or will begin to experience the same demographic shift as we are in Canada. The main challenge this paper examines …

Government Funding Of Nonprofit Organizations: The Case Of The Community Support Centre Of Essex County, Cezara Sorina Chesu

Major Papers

Nonprofit organizations are not something new. While their popularity has risen in recent times, the conceptualization of the institutions occurred long ago. Government funding of nonprofit organizations is a topic that has been discussed and analyzed for decades in many different forms. This paper looks at literature written on the subject and is specifically interested in the reasons why the government at all levels provides funding for nonprofits. The literature suggests that there are two prevailing reasons:

1. Governments fund nonprofits based on the interests of a particular political agenda.
2. Governments fund nonprofits for cost reduction purposes.

This paper will test …

Councillors Deserve More: An Analysis Of Council Remuneration In Windsor, Chelsea Verna Bonneau

Major Papers

This paper analyzes the salaries of municipal councillors in Windsor, Ontario to determine if they are being paid an appropriate salary for the work they perform and the responsibility they hold. There are three methods used to find this result. First, the salaries of Windsor’s councillors are compared to the average salaries of other part-time workers in Ontario. Second, the average amount of time that councillors spend working on a weekly basis, both in meetings and outside of meetings, is determined. Finally, the salaries of Windsor’s councillors are compared to average salaries of boards of directors, as this is a …

Reconceptualizing City Branding To Account For Talent Attraction: Cities As A Place To Work And Live, Lauren Marie Robinet

Major Papers

With thousands of local governments implementing city branding since the late 1990s, the leading question has become how to brand in the competitive 21^st century environment. The growth in the global labour pool and increased freedom of movement has led to increased competition for talent. The increased competition for talent, coupled with a global scale of inter-city competition, has pushed local governments to seek initiatives that will sustain and enhance economic development. Globalization has indeed marked a change in employment trends, wherein a competitive employment environment continues to increase due to a shortage of appropriate applicants and high turnover. …

Workplace Policies And Canadian Cannabis Rights: A Policy Learning Comparison For Windsor, Clarence Jesse Market

Major Papers

Although cannabis became a legal recreational drug under federal law in Canada, Windsor has no Fit for Duty or Accommodation policies at the time this paper is being written. Because of this, an opportunity for policy learning emerges. In this policy learning comparison, the policies in the American municipality of Salem, Oregon, will be juxtaposed to those of Essex County. The policies to be examined will be those whose subject matter is most relevant to the issue of cannabis in the workplace, the Fit for Duty policy and the duty to accommodate policy. Salem was chosen due to its location, …

A Critical Investigation Of Bell Let’S Talk, Jasmine Vido

Major Papers

In September 2010, Bell created the Bell Let’s Talk campaign to help lessen the stigma of mental health illnesses in Canada. The objective of this paper is to tease out the “ambivalences” (see Banet-Weiser, 2012) surrounding a massive corporation’s leadership in mental health awareness by analyzing both the importance and controversy surrounding Bell Let’s Talk.

The first component of this paper is a literature review that seeks to answer the research question: “how may components of Bell Let’s Talk Day be understood as both progressive and regressive?” Although “social media is the next step in the war against silence” (Campbell, …

The Political, Economic, And Social Determinants Of Child Poverty: The Case Of Windsor, Ontario, Paul J. Przytocki

Major Papers

In 1989, the federal government mandated to eliminate child poverty by the year 2000. This paper explores the political, economic, and social determinants of persistent and high rates of child poverty in the Windsor-Essex region of Ontario eighteen years after the stated deadline for this mandate. By asking the question of what social, political, and economic factors contribute to the stable and high rates of child poverty in Windsor-Essex, this paper argues that child poverty in the Windsor CMA is due to (1) a lack of political leadership and investment; (2) the lack of economic diversification; (3) a flawed support …

Lifestyle And Obesity In Canada-A Quantile Regression Approach, Khandoker Monjure Kabir

Major Papers

Objective: This study examines the relationship between BMI and some life-style variables, socio-economic status (SES) variables, and some socio-demographic variables related to behavior of individuals along different points of the BMI distribution by using quantile regression. Methods: A representative sample of 34,225 individuals of Canada form the Canadian Community Health survey 2014 is selected to conduct this study. Ordinary least squares (OLS) method is used at first to differentiate the results between conditional mean framework and conditional quantile framework. Quantile regression is estimated to analyze the heterogeneous relationship among fruits and vegetables, physical activity and BMI. Results: …

'Bigger Than Football': A Capacities And Signals Approach To The Nfl Kneeling Protests, Brittany Szczyglowski

Major Papers

The ‘kneeling protests’ happening in the National Football League (NFL) have transformed football stadiums across the country into unlikely, yet impactful, spaces of resistance to racist rhetoric and racial violence. The reactions to the protests have been split, to say the least. Some have praised the kneeling as a powerful and moving display of civil resistance, culminating in the most high profile protester, Colin Kaepernick, being recognized as Amnesty International’s 2018 Ambassador of Consciousness. Others have interpreted the protests as a sign of disrespect towards the American flag, national anthem, and military. Now well into its third season, the symbolic …

Oil Prices And Economic Growth: Cases Of Canada And Usa, Seth Kwei Etsibah-Tackie

Major Papers

The effects of oil prices on economies has been subjected to a lot of scrutiny since the 1960’s. This study conducts an analysis of the impact of oil price shocks on two oil exporting nations, Canada and USA. The transmission mechanisms of oil price changes to any economy vary from the supply effect to the demand effect. High crude oil prices impact the Canadian economy and USA through a variety of channels, in both positive and negative ways. Ceteris paribus more revenue is made when oil prices increase. In this study, I run an ordinary least square estimation with time …

Housing Affordability In Toronto: Low-Income Earners And Recent Immigrants, Dipanjaly Barua Pinki

Major Papers

This paper analyses different phenomena, initiatives, and policies to determine whether they inhibit or promote affordable housing for recent immigrants in Toronto CMA, Ontario. New immigrants tend to live in the largest cities and thereby create extra demand for housing stock. Toronto does not currently have the capacity to supply affordable housing units for its domestic and immigrant populations. This is exacerbated by the fact that the provincial government has removed rent control for newly built or vacant housing units, a decision that encouraged developers and landlords to increase rents. The price determination through the process of supply and demand …

Yoga-Specific Enhancement Of Quality Of Life Among Women With Breast Cancer: Systematic Review And Exploratory Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Daline El-Hashimi, Kevin M. Gorey

Social Work Publications

Physical activities during and after cancer treatment have favorable psychosocial effects. Increasingly, yoga has become a popular approach to improving the quality of life (QoL) of women with breast cancer. However, the extant synthetic evidence on yoga has not used other exercise comparison conditions. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically assess yoga-specific effects relative to any other physical exercise intervention (eg, aerobics) for women with breast cancer. QoL was the primary outcome of interest. Eight randomized controlled trials with 545 participants were included. The sample-weighted synthesis at immediate postintervention revealed marginally statistically and modest practically significant differences suggesting yoga’s potentially greater …

Multiplicative Advantages Of Hispanic Men Living In Hispanic Enclaves: Intersectionality In Colon Cancer Care: A Research Note, Keren M. Escobar, Mollie Sivaram, Kevin M. Gorey

Social Work Publications

We examined Hispanic enclave paradoxical effects on cancer care among socioeconomically vulnerable people in pre-Obamacare California. We conducted a secondary analysis of a historical cohort of 511 Hispanic and 1,753 non-Hispanic white people with colon cancer. Hispanic enclaves were neighborhoods where 40% or more of the residents were Hispanic, mostly first-generation Mexican American immigrants. An interaction of ethnicity, gender, and Hispanic enclave status was observed such that the protective effects of living in a Hispanic enclave were larger for Hispanic men, particularly married Hispanic men, than women. Risks were also exposed among other study groups: the poor, the inadequately insured, …

Intersection Of Indigenous Peoples And Police: Questions About Contact And Confidence, Amy Alberton, Brent Angell, Kevin M. Gorey Dr, Harvey A. Mccue

Social Work Publications

Despite much anecdotal, journalistic, and statistical evidence of their oppression by colonial and neocolonial police practices, little is known about Indigenous peoples’ attitudes towards the police in Canada. Th e theory that involuntary police–citizen contacts increase citizens’ mistrust, fear, and dissat- isfaction and, ultimately, decreases confi dence in the police was advanced. Hypotheses arising from this historical-theoretical context were tested with the 2014 panel of Canada’s General Social Survey, including 951 Indigenous (First Nations, Métis, or Inuit) and 21,576 non-Indigenous white participants. Indigenous identity and involuntary contacts were both signifi cantly associated with a lack of confi dence in police, …

Care Of Acute Conditions And Chronic Diseases In Canada And The United States: Rapid Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Keren M. Escobar, Dorian Murariu, Sharon Munro, Kevin M. Gorey

Social Work Publications

This study tested the hypothesis that socioeconomically vulnerable Canadians with diverse acute conditions or chronic diseases have health care access and survival advantages over their counterparts in the USA. A rapid systematic review retrieved 25 studies (34 independent cohorts) published between 2003 and 2018. They were synthesized with a streamlined meta-analysis. Very low-income Canadian patients were consistently and highly advantaged in terms of health care access and survival compared with their counterparts in the USA who lived in poverty and/or were uninsured or underinsured. In aggregate and controlling for specific conditions or diseases and typically 4 to 9 comorbid factors …