Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Question Of Animal Selves: Implications For Sociological Knowledge And Practice, Leslie Irvine

Leslie Irvine, PhD

The question of whether sociologists should investigate the subjective experience of non-human others arises regularly in discussions of research on animals. Recent criticism of this research agenda as speculative and therefore unproductive is examined and found wanting. Ample evidence indicates that animals have the capacity to see themselves as objects, which meets sociological criteria for selfhood. Resistance to this possibility highlights the discipline’s entrenched anthropocentrism rather than lack of evidence. Sociological study of the moral status of animals, based on the presence of the self, is warranted because our treatment of animals is connected with numerous “mainstream” sociological issues. As …

Irresistible Bargains: Navigating The Surveillance Society, Robert M. Pallitto

Robert M Pallitto

The Resilient Self: Gender, Immigration, And Taiwanese Americans, Chien-Juh Gu

Chien-Juh Gu

Leader Mistreatment, Employee Hostility, And Deviant Behaviors: Integrating Self-Uncertainty And Thwarted Needs Perspectives On Deviance, David M. Mayer, Stefan Thau, Kristina Workman, Marius Van Dijke, David De Cremer

Kristina Workman

Integrating self-uncertainty management and thwarted needs perspectives on leader mistreatment and workplace deviance, we examine when and why leader mistreatment is associated with workplace deviance. We propose that competence uncertainty strengthens the relationship between leader mistreatment and workplace deviance and that hostility mediates this interactive effect. Four field studies and one experiment support the hypotheses. The first two studies provide evidence for the predicted interaction between leader mistreatment and competence uncertainty, and the next three studies demonstrate that hostility mediates this interactive effect. We discuss an extended social exchange explanation of workplace deviance and highlight the psychological interplay between motives, …

Commentary On ‘Why Compassion Counts!’: Compassion As A Generative Force, Jane E. Dutton, Kristina Workman

Kristina Workman

[Excerpt] Twelve years ago, Peter Frost called upon us to consider why compassion counts. More than a decade later, we can see, feel, and understand why compassion counts both in the field of organizational studies and in our lives as scholars. As he was so many times during his career, Peter was prophetic in identifying and animating a core idea that is central to our field and to our lives. We approach this essay with three goals in mind, all focused on elaborating how compassion is a generative force. By generative, we mean that compassion as an idea opens up …

The Reflected Self: Creating Yourself As (You Think) Others See You, Dianne Tice, Harry Wallace

Harry M. Wallace

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Self-Esteem And Academic Achievement In High Ability Students: Evidence From The Wollongong Youth Study., Wilma Vialle, Patrick C. L. Heaven, Joseph Ciarrochi

joseph Ciarrochi

The relationship between self-esteem and academic achievement is one that is regarded by many educators as a well-established fact. This belief has been often invoked in order to argue against the provision of ability grouping for gifted students. Refuting that commonly-held belief, this research examined the relationship between self-esteem and academic achievement in 65 high-ability secondary students, a sample drawn from a longitudinal study of over 900 students. The research demonstrated that there were no differences in measured selfesteem between the gifted and non-gifted students. More contentiously, though, the research found no correlation between self-esteem and academic achievement for the …

The Impact Of Hope, Self-Esteem, And Attributional Style On Adolescents' School Grades And Emotional Well-Being: A Longitudinal Study, Patrick Heaven, Joseph Ciarrochi, Fiona Davies

joseph Ciarrochi

No abstract provided.

Adolescent Peer Crowd Self-Identification, Attributional Style And Perceptions Of Parenting, Patrick Heaven, Joseph Ciarrochi, Wilhelmina Vialle, Ieva Cechavicuite

joseph Ciarrochi

No abstract provided.

Self-Nominated Peer Crowds, School Achievement, And Psychological Adjustment In Adolescents: Longitudinal Analysis, Patrick Heaven, Joseph Ciarrochi, Wilhelmina Vialle

joseph Ciarrochi

No abstract provided.

Animals As Lifechangers And Lifesavers: Pets In The Redemption Narratives Of Homeless People, Leslie Irvine

Leslie Irvine, PhD

This paper examines personal narratives in which homeless and formerly homeless people construct their companion animals as having changed or saved their lives. The analysis considers selfhood a narrative accomplishment, the strategic outcome rather than the source of the stories people tell. These particular stories employ the theme of redemption, in which tellers describe overcoming adversity to face a better future, with animals playing key roles. The analysis reveals the narrative elements through which animals become vehicles for redemption. As dependent others, animals encourage a sense of responsibility. As the providers of unconditional love, they reward the fulfillment of responsibility. …

Projecting The Self Into A Virtual World: Merging Identities With A Video Game Character, Kevin S. Smith

Kevin S Smith

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of perspective-taking instructions (PTI) on (a) the tendency to project aspects of the self onto a video game character and (b) the degree of “telepresence” within a virtual world. Perspective taking instructions encourage subjects to imagine themselves as a story character. It has been found in the past that PTI may cause an individual to merge identities with a story character in written stories1 and films2. This study replicated these findings using a video game. Male video game players were asked to play a video game and completed character …

Re-Presenting Urban Aboriginal Identities: Self-Representation In "Children Of The Sun", Colleen Mcgloin, Bronwyn Lumby

Colleen McGloin

Teaching Aboriginal Studies to a diverse student cohort presents challenges in the pursuit of developing a critical pedagogy. In this paper, we present Children of the Sun, a local film made by Indigenous Youth in the Illawarra region south of Sydney, New South Wales. We outline the film's genesis and its utilisation in our praxis. The film is a useful resource in the teaching of urban Aboriginal identity to primarily non-Indigenous students in the discipline of Aboriginal Studies. It contributes to the development of critical thinking, and our own critical practice as educators and offers a starting point to address …

3d Mapping Using A Tof Camera For Self Programming An Industrial Robot, N Larkin, Zengxi Pan, S Van Duin, J Norrish

zengxi pan

Automated Offline Programing (AOLP) is a cost effective robot programming method. However, it relies on accurate CAD information of the work environment to perform optimally. Incorrect CAD data is a known source of error for AOLP systems. This paper introduces a new sensor based method of programming that extends the concept of AOLP. Using a ToF camera to map the environment, there is no reliance on CAD data. The problem of motion planning to efficiently map the environment is examined and changes to the motion planning algorithm are proposed and tested.

Longing, Belonging And Self-Making In White Zimbabwean Life Writing: Peter Godwin's When A Crocodile Eats The Sun , Antonio Simoes Da Silva

Tony Simoes da Silva

No abstract provided.

Self-Reported Side Effects Of Breast Cancer Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study Of Incidence, Associations, And The Influence Of Exercise, Sheridan A. Gho, Julie R. Steele, Sandra C. Jones, Bridget J. Munro

Sandra Jones

Purpose Side effects as a result of breast cancer treatment may have a lasting detrimental impact on quality of life. Exercise has been shown to be an effective intervention in post-treatment care. This study aimed to gain a better understanding of breast cancer treatment-related side effects through identifying potential patient characteristic associations, including current levels of exercise. Methods Four hundred and thirty-two breast cancer patients completed an online survey covering their treatment and demographic background, current exercise levels, and self-reported treatment side effects. Side effects were considered in a binary logistic regression against age, surgery, currently undergoing treatment, and exercise …

Because I Am Not Here, Selected Second Life-Based Art Case Studies. Subjectivity, Autoempathy And Virtual World Aesthetics, Francisco Gerardo Toledo Ramírez

Francisco Gerardo Toledo Ramírez

Second Life is a virtual world accessible through the Internet in which users create objects and spaces, and interact socially through 3D avatars. Certain artists use the platform as a medium for art creation, using the aesthetic, spatial, temporal and technological features of SL as raw material. Code and scripts applied to animate and manipulate objects, avatars and spaces are important in this sense. These artists, their avatars and artwork in SL are at the centre of my research questions: what does virtual existence mean and what is its purpose when stemming from aesthetic exchange in SL?

Through a qualitative …

Tino Rangatiratanga And Mana Motuhake: Nation State And Self Determination In Aotearoa New Zealand, Charles Hawksley, Richard Howson

Charles M Hawksley

This article brings perspectives from three Māori activists, each promoting issues of selfdetermination in different ways. It centres on tino rangatiratanga and mana motuhake, two concepts that inform modern Māori activism and life and practice, and more recently conceptions of Māoridom as “nation”. Using a Gramscian framework we argue that the New Zealand state has over time created a notion of one people within one state, and has in the past incorporated challenges to its legitimacy within a framework of popular consent. The desire by some Māori activists for self-determination promotes a separateness that to some extent challenges this idea …

Self-Assembled Gels From Biological And Synthetic Polyelectrolytes, Paul Calvert, Skander Limem, Don Mccallum, Gordon G. Wallace, Marc In Het Panhuis

Gordon Wallace

Inkjet printing of alternate layers of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes allows organized gels to form with structures similar to those made by layer--by-layer dipping methods but very much faster. Structures of gels formed using slow and fast inkjet printing systems are compared using elemental analysis, swelling and diffusion kinetics as characterization methods. After printing and washing, most sodium or chloride counter-ions are last from the gel, leave only the polymer complex. The swelling properties of the printed and washed gel depend on the deposition rate and on the ratio of the two polymers as originally printed. The synthetic polyelectrolytes reported …

Inkjet Printing Of Self-Assembling Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels, Skander Limen, Donald Mccallum, Gordon G. Wallace, Marc In Het Panhuis, Paul Calvert

Gordon Wallace

Inkjet printing of alternate layers of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes allows organized gels to form with structures similar to those made by layer-by-layer dipping methods but very much faster. Structures of gels formed using slow and fast inkjet printing systems are compared using elemental analysis, swelling and diffusion kinetics as characterization methods. After printing and washing, most sodium or chloride counter-ions are lost from the gel, leaving only the polymer complex. The swelling properties of the printed and washed gel depend on the deposition rate and on the ratio of the two polymers as originally printed.

Organisational Control And The Self: Critiques And Normative Expectations, Karin Garrety

Karin Garrety

This article explores the normative assumptions about the self that are implicitly and explicitly embedded in critiques of organisational control. Two problematic aspects of control are examined – the capacity of some organisations to produce unquestioning commitment, and the elicitation of ‘false’ selves. Drawing on the work of Rom Harré, and some examples of organisational-self processes gone awry, I investigate the dynamics involved and how they violate the normative expectations that we hold regarding the self, particularly its moral autonomy and authenticity. The paper concludes by arguing that, despite post-structuralist challenges, some notion of a ‘core’ or ‘real’ self still …

Concluding Reflections—A Dialogue: This Bridge We Are Building: “Inner Work, Public Acts”, Chris Bobel, Tim Sieber, Karen L. Suyemoto, Shirley Tang, Ann Torke

Chris Bobel

I suppose it is still a risky business for those of us in academia to expose and express too much of our inner, authentic selves, right? But why should it be like this?? What does it do to us? I'm glad that we had a chance to explore a little about our true selves with each other and out in the public at the conference! Gloria Anzaldúa was always ahead of her time. She has given us a powerful language to reflect on our experiences, and once again, it is Gloria who has made this intimate space possible for all …

Video-Recorded Usability Testing Of A Web-Based Self-Administered Dietary Assessment, Yasmine Probst, David Steel, Linda Tapsell

Professor David Steel

No abstract provided.

The Development Of A User Self-Help Knowledge Management System For Help Desk: Deployment Of Knowledge Management Approach And Software Agent Technology, Kar Yin Leung, Sim K. Lau

Dr Sim Kim Lau

Most help desks have admitted their call volume has increased in the past decade while “help unavailable when needed” is the major reason for service delivery failure and user dissatisfaction. The habit of calling help desk for simple problems has prompted the investigation of transferring part of first-level troubleshooting duty from help desk to user. This research proposes the development of user self-help knowledge management system that allows user to solve simple and routine technical enquiries. The proposed approach incorporates software agent to allow autonomous handling of enquiries so that the most appropriate solution and user communication can be facilitated.

Concluding Reflections—A Dialogue: This Bridge We Are Building: “Inner Work, Public Acts”, Chris Bobel, Tim Sieber, Karen Suyemoto, Shirley Tang, Ann Torke

Timothy Sieber

I suppose it is still a risky business for those of us in academia to expose and express too much of our inner, authentic selves, right? But why should it be like this?? What does it do to us? I'm glad that we had a chance to explore a little about our true selves with each other and out in the public at the conference! Gloria Anzaldúa was always ahead of her time. She has given us a powerful language to reflect on our experiences, and once again, it is Gloria who has made this intimate space possible for all …

Medical Self-Care And Use Of The Medical Care System, D Vickery, Donald Iverson

Don C. Iverson

No abstract provided.

Ecstasy (Mdma) And Its Relationship With Self Report Depression, Anxiety And Schizotypy, Lisa Woods, Emma Barkus

Emma Barkus

Abstract. Aims: The relationship between ecstasy and affective psychological symptoms are still subject to debate. We aimed to examine the relationship between Ecstasy use and self-report depression, anxiety and schizotypy. Design: Data were collected via structured remote self-report questionnaires. Participants: Participants were split into three groups: a control group with no ecstasy use, a light ecstasy user group (<50 >times), and a heavy ecstasy user group (>50 times). Measurements: Amount and patterns of ecstasy use were recorded, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) measured depression and anxiety respectively, and schizotypal traits were measured using the …

Managing The Voices: Athlete Self-Talk As A Dialogic Process, Alla Tovares

Alla V. Tovares

Placing Self: How Might We Place Ourselves Differently In Studying Leadership?, Amanda Sinclair

Amanda Sinclair

No abstract provided.