Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Investing In Peace And Security In Africa: The Case Of Ecowas Emmanuel Kwesi Aning, Emmanuel Aning

Emmanuel Kwesi Aning

This paper argues that, by investing in good governance and democratisation—two factors fundamental to West African security—ECOWAS is also contributing to sub-regional peace and stability. An inclusive approach is needed to forge effective relationships between governance and security in West Africa. ECOWAS has designed a strategic framework that identifies priority areas for conflict management. At issue, though, is its capacity to confront and deal with issues that straddle security, peace, good governance, and democratisation. This paper analyses the dynamics of ECOWAS’s security-sector reforms. The perception that the security sector itself is still a major source of insecurity in West Africa …

Defining The Feminine Impact On The Progression Of Japanese Language: An Inquiry Into The Development Of Heian Period Court Diaries, Michele Gibney

Michele Gibney

From the split of the private and public lives of gender divides, men lived on the outside imbibing Chinese language styles, while women on the inside established and preserved a uniquely Japanese form of language. This paper asserts the theory that the Heian period was one of the first times in which the schism was produced through the female’s power to embody a written language which the Japanese could claim as their own independently of the effect from other cultures. In its focus this paper aspires to analyze the public/private, male/female origins by placing them within the Heian period, from …

Homosexuality In Fushigi Yuugi And Gravitation: An Investigation Into The Cultural Background Of Homosexuality In Japanese Animation, Michele Gibney

Michele Gibney

This paper will delve into the following issues: how the Japanese view homosexual males and how the agency of the reader and/or viewer impacts the depictions of visual displays of intimate behavior by homosexual males. The purpose of this paper will be an attempt to define some sort of answer to each question within the context of the Japanese cultural products of manga and anime. I am going to dissect shifting sexualities as they are represented in two different examples of Japanese anime aimed at slightly differing audience groups. The two shows that I will focus on are: Fushigi Yuugi …

Japan’S War With China: Context And Stakes, Michele Gibney

Michele Gibney

The context in which Japan was drawn into war with China, and what they had at stake going in, are flip sides of the same coin. The contexts and stakes are: democratic government, will of the people, international status, foreign trade, the Emperor, and racial superiority. In the 1920’s and 30’s, Japan was losing the ideal of democracy, the desire to have democracy, and the will of the people. They were drawn into the war with China in order to reunite the citizenry and because of a failed democratic leadership being supplanted by right wing militarists. International status and foreign …

Enjo Kosai: Brand Name Marketing, Michele Gibney

Michele Gibney

Media is a contributing factor in creating a market for the prostitution of minors in Japan today. Media creates an image to which the girls aspire by placing the trendiest items in the hands of music and movie idols who the girls look up to . The drive to then own these trendy, and expensive, products forces the girls into marketing their bodies to strangers. Though in many ways media can be seen as the root of all evil through print and film advertisements, there are some forms of media which work as a caution instead of an encouragement to …

Activist Theatre As Bridge Between An Indigenous Community And The Americas: The Story Of Fomma/ Fortaleza De La Mujer Maya, Linda Niemann

Linda G. Niemann

No abstract provided.

Ono No Komachi: Love And Desire, Michele Gibney

Michele Gibney

The poetry of Ono no Komachi can be read in many lights. The two ways in which I feel its message and context can be best appreciated are through feminine independence and masculine subjection. Ono no Komachi wrote poetry that was evocative of the feminine ideal of longing for a male, but she also wrote poetry which denigrated the need for a woman to rely on a male. Through a self-critical reader analysis of some of her poems, I will show that Komachi’s poetry can be read as comprising a longing for the world of men, and men in particular, …

Post-Modern Pathologies And Pan-African Erasures: Problems Of Identity In Coastal East Africa, Jesse Benjamin

Jesse Benjamin

No abstract provided.

Rule By Right Vs. Rule By Force, Michele Gibney

Michele Gibney

There are at least two ways to legitimize a power base. One is to prove you have the right to rule, the other is to rule by force. In Japan’s feudal period, three leaders came to power and each ruler utilized some of the preceding ones principles of government, while at the same time adapting his mode of dominion on the prevailing factors of the day. Only one of these rulers had the right to rule by virtue of his lineage; perhaps this is why his reign lasted so much longer than the other two, or perhaps it is simply …

World Investment Report, Karl P. Sauvant

Karl P. Sauvant

Güç Ve Çıkarı Aşan Birlik, Engin Erdem

ENGIN I ERDEM Dr.

Avrupa'da yaşanan ve bugünün 25 üyeli AB'sini oluşturan büyük dönüşüm, tarihin en girift gelişmelerinden biri. İki 'dünya savaşı' yaşayan kıta, eşsiz bir ekonomik ve siyasi birlik kurabildi.

Gandhi And The Ego Ideal, Michele Gibney

Michele Gibney

If the individual self is not equal to the subject self and “agency”, as Wimal Dissanayake defines it, is seen as the link between the two: can the agency of Gandhi be described as utilizing the Freudian mirror stage development to overthrow subjectivity? I believe that, in fact, Gandhi’s reaction to British imperialism projects a reflected ego ideal which is used to combat the subjectivity of colonization and create an Indian “self”.

Debating Violence In Colombia, Winifred Tate

Winifred L. Tate

No abstract provided.

Community Determinants Of Volunteer Participation: The Case Of Japan, Mary Alice Haddad

Mary Alice Haddad

Why are some communities more civically engaged than others? Why do some communities provide services with volunteer labor whereas others rely primarily on government provision? When communities provide both volunteer and paid labor for the same service, how do they motivate and organize those volunteers? This article addresses these questions through quantitative tests of prevailing explanations for levels of civic engagement (e.g., education, TV viewing, urbanization) and qualitative analyses of case studies of three medium-sized cities in Japan, focusing particularly on the service areas of firefighting and elder care. The statistical analyses demonstrate that current explanations that rely on individual …

The Inter-Relations Of Geography And Human Advancement, Michele Gibney

Michele Gibney

When I think about what factors into creating a culture, I seldom think of geography. But when one gets right down to it, geography plays an incredibly pivotal role in two of the most important categories of human interaction with the earth: agriculture and war. Both occupations go towards feeding a need in society and both produce innumerable advances in technology and human relations. According to texts currently under study in this class, the importance of geography (in the senses of features and border lines) is of paramount importance. But what makes them so important? How have the major geographical …

Establishing Long Term Coastal And Marine Programs In Latin America And The Caribbean Pilot Studies Of Ecuador And The Gulf Of Fonseca Integrating Education, Applied Research And Extension Background Paper No. 2, Matthew Wilburn King

Matthew Wilburn King PhD

This document is the second of two background papers that have been prepared to explore the feasibility of adapting the Sea Grant model of University-based education, research and extension to countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. It is part of an initiative directed by the NOAA/OAR Office of International Activities and the University of Rhode Island Coastal Resources Center and Sea Grant Program. Financial support comes from the U.S. State Department’s Ocean, Environment and Science Initiative, and the NOAA National Sea Grant Office. The initiative was catalyzed by expressions of interest from government and university officials in Honduras, Nicaragua, …

The Demand: Where Sex Trafficking Begins, Donna M. Hughes Dr.

Donna M. Hughes

In light of shared moral responsibility to help the millions of people who are bought, sold, transported and held against their will in slave-like condition, a conference entitled “A Call to Action: Joining the Fight Against Trafficking in Persons” was held at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome on June 17, 2004. The event was part of the 20th anniversary celebration of full diplomatic relations between the United States and the Holy See, and their shared work to promote human dignity, liberty, justice, and peace.

Tibetan Buddhism In Northern California, Michele Gibney

Michele Gibney

When the Dalai Lama was forced to flee Tibet before a Chinese invasion force in the 1950’s, Tibet became an icon in the eyes of the West as an underdog; albeit an incredibly spiritual and exotic one. Due to a dwindling of the religious followers and resources within the community of Tibet in exile, Tibetan Buddhists ventured out from their self-imposed isolation to spread the teachings to any who would listen, (Coleman, 2001, 72). Buddhism, already a source of fascination in America due to the Beat poets and Zen Buddhism, became a craze between the years 1960-1997, (ibid, 103). California …

Foundations Of Modern Arab Identity, Stephen Sheehi

Stephen Sheehi

From Youth Rebellion To Child Abduction: The Anatomy Of Recruitment In Sierra Leone, Emmanuel Aning, Angela Mcintyre

Emmanuel Kwesi Aning

Using a case study of Sierra Leone, this chapter aims to bring attention to the importance of youth as a constituency with a substantial stake in national and regional stability in Africa. We have attempted this by first giving a background to the conflict, followed by a discussion of the nature of youth recruitment and participation in the conflict, followed by a look at some influential perspectives on the issue of child and youth participation in violence, and the influences they have had on policy making. We conclude with the idea that youth are of central concern to both national …

No Room For Peace: The U.S. Role In Colombian Peace Processes, Winifred Tate

Winifred L. Tate

No abstract provided.

Power And Identity In Flux: American Foreign Policy Toward The Middle East, Engin Erdem

ENGIN I ERDEM Dr.

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Non-Governmental Organizations In Public Policy In Africa, Andrew Ewoh

Andrew I.E. Ewoh

No abstract provided.

Toward The Central Asian Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone, Engin Erdem

ENGIN I ERDEM Dr.

No abstract provided.

European Missionaries And The Development Of Tswana Identity, Stephen Volz

Stephen Volz

The Genesis Of Touristic Imagery: Politics And Poetics In The Creation Of A Remote Indonesian Island Destination, Kathleen Adams

Kathleen M. Adams

Although the construction and amplification of touristically celebrated peoples’ Otherness on global mediascapes has been well documented, the genesis of touristic imagery in out of the way locales, where tourism is embryonic at best, has yet to be examined. This article explores the emergent construction of touristic imagery on the small, sporadically visited Eastern Indonesian island of Alor during the 1990s. In examining the ways in which competing images of Alorese people are sculpted by both insiders and outsiders, this article illustrates the politics and power dynamics embedded in the genesis of touristic imagery. Ultimately, I argue that even in …

African Commitments To Conflict Prevention And Peacemaking: A Review Of Eight Nepad Countries, Emmanuel Aning, Prosper Addo, Emma Birikorang, Emmanuel Sowatey

Emmanuel Kwesi Aning

The African Human Security Initiative (AHSI) is a network of seven African non-governmental research organisations that have come together to measure the performance of key African governments in promoting human security. The project is inspired by a wish to contribute to the ambitions of the New Economic Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) and the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM). Whereas the APRM process has defined a comprehensive set of objectives, standards, criteria and indicators that cover four broad areas, AHSI only engages with one of the four, namely issues of political governance in so far as these relate to human …

China Debates Missile Defence, Kori Urayama

Kori Urayama

No abstract provided.

Shifts In Environmental Governance In Canada: How Are Citizen Environment Groups To Respond?, Christopher Gore, Beth Savan, Alexis Morgan

Christopher D Gore

No abstract provided.

The Role Of "Marriage Agencies" In The Sexual Exploitation And Trafficking Of Women From The Former Soviet Union, Donna M. Hughes Dr.

Donna M. Hughes

Each year, tens of thousands of women leave the countries of the former Soviet Union for destinations all over the world. Driven by poverty, unemployment, and media images of Western lifestyles, women accept risky offers of employment and marriage in hope of finding a better life,