Toward An Understanding Of Risk Factors For Anorexia Nervosa: A Case-Control Study, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Nov 2007
Toward An Understanding Of Risk Factors For Anorexia Nervosa: A Case-Control Study, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Background Prospective, longitudinal studies of risk factors for anorexia nervosa (AN) are lacking and existing cross-sectional studies are generally narrow in focus and lack methodological rigor. Building on two studies that used the Oxford Risk Factor Interview (RFI) to establish time precedence and comprehensively assess potential risk correlates for AN, the present study advances this line of research and represents the first case-control study of risk factors for AN in the USA.
Method The RFI was used for retrospective assessment of a broad range of risk factors, while establishing time precedence. Using a case-control design, 50 women who met DSM-IV …
Longitudinal Assessment Of Micronutrient Intake Among African American And White Girls., Ruth Striegel Weissman
Jun 2007
Longitudinal Assessment Of Micronutrient Intake Among African American And White Girls., Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective
Low intakes of micronutrients among adolescents may be linked to long-term health risks, especially in African-American girls. This report describes intake of key micronutrients relative to the Dietary Reference Intakes in a sample of African-American and white girls.
Design
Longitudinal analyses used data from 3-day food records collected in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study.
Subjects/setting
Subjects included 1,166 white and 1,213 African-American girls (aged 9 to 18 years).
Main outcome measures
Estimated usual daily intakes of vitamins A, E, C, D, B-6, B-12, magnesium, folate, calcium, and zinc were compared to the Adequate …
Facets Of Acculturation And Their Diverse Relations To Body Shape Concern In Fiji, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2006
Facets Of Acculturation And Their Diverse Relations To Body Shape Concern In Fiji, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective: The present study examines the relation between acculturation and body shape concern in Fiji—a society undergoing rapid social change. Method: Data were from two cohorts of ethnic Fijian girls and women collected in 1998 (n = 115). A factor analysis was performed to identify dimensions of acculturation. The association of these with body shape concern was examined with linear regression. Results: Three dimensions of acculturation were identified. Multiple linear regression models demonstrated that each of these dimensions of acculturation had a unique relation to body shape concern. The adjusted R2 for the fully adjusted model relating acculturation to …
Dietary Patterns In Adolescence Are Related To Adiposity In Young Adulthood In Black And White Females, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2006
Dietary Patterns In Adolescence Are Related To Adiposity In Young Adulthood In Black And White Females, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Few studies have systematically used a total diet approach to classify adolescent dietary patterns. We examined dietary patterns in relation to nutrient intakes and adiposity in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study cohort of 2371 black and white girls recruited at 9-10 y of age and followed for 10 y. Serial measurements were obtained for indices of anthropometry, dietary intake, physical activity, and sociodemographic variables. Dietary patterns for the 2 racial subgroups were separately identified by cluster analysis of 40 food groupings derived from 3-d food records. Nutrient intakes and measures of adiposity (BMI, percent …
Risk Factors For Binge Eating Disorders: An Exploratory Study, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2006
Risk Factors For Binge Eating Disorders: An Exploratory Study, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective: This study examined a broad range of childhood risk factors for binge-eating disorders (bulimia nervosa or binge eating disorder, BN/BED), utilizing data that had been collected prospectively in the 10-year National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. Method: Forty-five women with a history of BED/BN (with onset age > 14 and <20 years) and 1,515 women who did not have a history of an eating disorder were included. Results: Signal detection analysis indicated a single pathway that identified *13% of the BED/BN cases. The pathway was based on an elevated level of perceived stress prior to …
Validation Of The Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale For Use With Hong Kong Adolescents., Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2006
Validation Of The Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale For Use With Hong Kong Adolescents., Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective: We examined the psychometric properties of the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS) in a community sample of Hong Kong school children. Method: Participants (359 boys and 387 girls), aged 12 to 19 years, were assessed on the EDDS on two occasions, one month apart. Factor structure, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and validity against the Eating Disorders Examination–Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) were investigated. Results: Four groupings emerged on exploratory factor analysis: body dissatisfaction, bingeing behaviors, bingeing frequency, and frequency of compensatory behaviors. Items loaded on the same factors for boys and girls. Internal consistency for these …
Risk Factors For Eating Disorders, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2006
Risk Factors For Eating Disorders, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
The authors review research on risk factors for eating disorders, restricting their focus to studies in which clear precedence of the hypothesized risk factor over onset of the disorder is established. They illustrate how studies of sociocultural risk factors and biological factors have progressed on parallel tracks and propose that major advances in understanding the etiology of eating disorders require a new generation of studies that integrate these domains. They discuss how more sophisticated and novel conceptualizations of risk and causal processes may inform both nosology and intervention efforts.
Toward An Understanding Of Risk Factors For Anorexia Nervosa: A Case-Control Study, R H. Striegel, K M. Pike, A Hilbert, D E. Wilfley, C G. Fairburn, F A. Dohm, B T. Walsh
Dec 2006
Toward An Understanding Of Risk Factors For Anorexia Nervosa: A Case-Control Study, R H. Striegel, K M. Pike, A Hilbert, D E. Wilfley, C G. Fairburn, F A. Dohm, B T. Walsh
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Background
Prospective, longitudinal studies of risk factors for anorexia nervosa (AN) are lacking and existing cross-sectional studies are generally narrow in focus and lack methodological rigor. Building on two studies that used the Oxford Risk Factor Interview (RFI) to establish time precedence and comprehensively assess potential risk correlates for AN, the present study advances this line of research and represents the first case-control study of risk factors for AN in the USA.
Method
The RFI was used for retrospective assessment of a broad range of risk factors, while establishing time precedence. Using a case-control design, 50 women who met DSM-IV …
Longitudinal Patterns Of Breakfast Eating In Black And White Adolescent Girls., Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2006
Longitudinal Patterns Of Breakfast Eating In Black And White Adolescent Girls., Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective: The objective was to describe the pattern of breakfast eating over time (“breakfast history”) and examine its associations with BMI and physical activity.
Research Methods and Procedures: This longitudinal investigation of patterns of breakfast eating included 1210 black and 1161 white girls who participated in the 10-year, longitudinal National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS). Three-day food records were collected during annual visits beginning at ages 9 or 10 up to age 19. Linear regression and path analysis were used to estimate the associations between breakfast history, BMI, and physical activity.
Results: Among girls with …
Childhood Overweight And Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: The National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute Growth And Health Study, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2006
Childhood Overweight And Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: The National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute Growth And Health Study, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective
To estimate the prevalence and incidence of overweight in African-American and Caucasian girls, and to examine associations between adolescent overweight and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.
Study design
In the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS), annual measurements were obtained from girls followed longitudinally between age 9 or 10 and 18 years; self-reported measures were obtained at age 21 to 23 years. A total of 1166 Caucasian girls and 1213 African-American girls participated in the study. Childhood overweight as defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was the independent variable of …
Longitudinal Patterns Of Breakfast Eating In Black And White Adolescent Girls, R H. Striegel, A M. Albertson, D L. Franko, D Thompson, A L. Eldridge, N Holschuh, S G. Affenito, R Bauserman
Dec 2006
Longitudinal Patterns Of Breakfast Eating In Black And White Adolescent Girls, R H. Striegel, A M. Albertson, D L. Franko, D Thompson, A L. Eldridge, N Holschuh, S G. Affenito, R Bauserman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to describe the pattern of breakfast eating over time ("breakfast history") and examine its associations with BMI and physical activity.
RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: This longitudinal investigation of patterns of breakfast eating included 1,210 black and 1,161 white girls who participated in the 10-year, longitudinal National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS). Three-day food records were collected during annual visits beginning at ages 9 or 10 up to age 19. Linear regression and path analysis were used to estimate the associations between breakfast history, BMI, and physical activity.
RESULTS: Among girls with …
Dietary Patterns In Adolescence Are Related To Adiposity In Young Adulthood In Black And White Females, R H. Striegel, L D. Ritchie, P Spector, M J. Stevens, M M. Schmidt, G B. Schreiber, M C. Wang, P B. Crawford
Dec 2006
Dietary Patterns In Adolescence Are Related To Adiposity In Young Adulthood In Black And White Females, R H. Striegel, L D. Ritchie, P Spector, M J. Stevens, M M. Schmidt, G B. Schreiber, M C. Wang, P B. Crawford
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Few studies have systematically used a total diet approach to classify adolescent dietary patterns. We examined dietary patterns in relation to nutrient intakes and adiposity in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study cohort of 2371 black and white girls recruited at 9-10 y of age and followed for 10 y. Serial measurements were obtained for indices of anthropometry, dietary intake, physical activity, and sociodemographic variables. Dietary patterns for the 2 racial subgroups were separately identified by cluster analysis of 40 food groupings derived from 3-d food records. Nutrient intakes and measures of adiposity (BMI, percent …
Fruit And Vegetable Intake: Few Adolescent Girls Meet National Guidelines., Ruth Striegel Weissman
Feb 2006
Fruit And Vegetable Intake: Few Adolescent Girls Meet National Guidelines., Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective.
To examine longitudinal changes in daily fruit and vegetable consumption among black and white adolescent girls and calculate the percent of girls who met the Healthy People 2010 recommendations.
Methods.
Girls (1186 black and 1126 white) who participated in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth Health Study (NGHS) were included if they had completed a 3-day food diary for at least one of six annual assessments visits, beginning at ages 11 or 12. Mixed models estimated the association of visit and race with (a) average daily consumption of fruits and vegetables and (b) the probability of meeting …
Help Seeking And Barriers To Treatment In A Community Sample Of Mexican American And European American Women With Eating Disorders, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2005
Help Seeking And Barriers To Treatment In A Community Sample Of Mexican American And European American Women With Eating Disorders, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective The study examined treatment seeking for eating disorders in Mexican American and European American women. Method One hundred forty-five women with eating disorders (76 Mexican American, 69 European American) were diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR (SCID-IV) and Eating Disorder Examination (EDE). Results Only 28% of the sample reported having sought treatment for their eating problems and only 17% had received treatment. Both groups were equally likely to believe they have significant eating problems and to want help. However, Mexican Americans were less likely to have sought treatment and, having sought help, were less likely to have …
Self Esteem In Adolescent Females, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2005
Self Esteem In Adolescent Females, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Purpose
Self-esteem is a major “predictor” of satisfaction with life. This longitudinal study examined mean and individual changes in self-esteem, and how self-esteem is affected by race and body mass.
Methods
Girls were recruited at ages 9 and 10 years, and followed to age 22 years. The Harter Self-Perception Profile was administered every other year, analyzing scores from the Global Self-Worth Scale, by age or developmental phase: ages 9–12 (I), 13–16 (II), and 17–22 (III). Regression modeling included main effects and interactions between age/phase, race, and body mass index (BMI).
Results
Self-worth was greater in black than white women, and …
Acculturation And Eating Disorders In A Mexican American Community Sample, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2005
Acculturation And Eating Disorders In A Mexican American Community Sample, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Our purpose was to investigate acculturation and eating disorders by examining the role of ethnic identity and by utilizing a bidimensional perspective toward two cultures. We predicted that orientation toward European American culture and lower ethnic identity would be positively associated with eating disorders. Participants were 188 Mexican American women recruited from the community (79 with eating disorders and 109 control women). The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR and Eating Disorder Examination were used to establish diagnoses. The Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans–II and the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure assessed Anglo orientation, Mexican orientation, and ethnic identity. Orientation toward …
Pubertal Correlates In Black And White Girls, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2005
Pubertal Correlates In Black And White Girls, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objectives
Since pubertal maturation is an important covariate in studies that evaluate physical and social changes that occur during the teen years, we examined pubertal parameters in a group of US girls.
Study design
Black and white girls recruited at age 9 were followed annually for 10 years. Preece-Baines model 1 was used to estimate tempo and growth parameters. The temporal trend between age of menarche and onset of puberty was calculated.
Results
The study included 615 (77.2% prepubertal) white and 541 (49.4% prepubertal) black participants. Mean onset of puberty was 10.2 and 9.6 years in white and black girls, …
Factors Associated With Treatment Seeking In A Community Sample Of European American And Mexican American Women With Eating Disorders, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2005
Factors Associated With Treatment Seeking In A Community Sample Of European American And Mexican American Women With Eating Disorders, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
The purpose of this study was to investigate factors associated with treatment seeking in a community sample of European American and Mexican American women with eating disorders. We also explored which variables were associated with receiving treatment. Participants were 190 women with eating disorders (80 Mexican American, 110 European American) who were diagnosed using the SCID-IV and Eating Disorder Examination. Results indicated that treatment seeking is associated with ethnicity (i.e. being European American), suffering from bulimia nervosa and more frequent purging, longer duration of disorder and psychiatric comorbidity and, for Mexican American women, higher degree of acculturation. Detection and treatment …
Night Eating: Prevalence And Demographic Correlates, R H. Striegel, D L. Franko, D Thompson, S Affenito, H C. Kraemer
Dec 2005
Night Eating: Prevalence And Demographic Correlates, R H. Striegel, D L. Franko, D Thompson, S Affenito, H C. Kraemer
Ruth Striegel Weissman
OBJECTIVE:
To examine the prevalence and correlates of night eating, the core behavioral symptom of night eating syndrome among adolescents and adults, using two public access survey databases of nationally representative samples.
RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES:
Data were extracted for individuals age 13 years or older who completed food diary data for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (N = 18,407) or the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (N = 10,741). Prevalence estimates were calculated for three commonly used definitions of night eating. Logistic regression was used to examine correlates of night eating: type of day, …
Correlates Of Beverage Intake In Adolescent Girls, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2005
Correlates Of Beverage Intake In Adolescent Girls, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objectives
To examine longitudinal changes in consumption of 6 types of beverages (milk, diet and regular soda, fruit juice, fruit-flavored drinks, and coffee/tea) in girls and determine the relationship between beverage intake, body mass index (BMI), and nutrient intake.
Study design
Three-day food diaries were included from black (1210) and white (1161) girls who participated in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. Diaries were recorded during annual visits beginning at ages 9 or 10 years until age 19 years. Mixed models estimated the association of (1) visit and race with average daily consumption of beverages …
Antecedent Life Events Of Binge-Eating Disorder, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2005
Antecedent Life Events Of Binge-Eating Disorder, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
The present study investigated the occurrence of life events preceding the onset of disturbed eating in binge-eating disorder (BED). In a case-control design, 162 matched pairs of black and white women with BED and women with no current psychiatric disorder, and 107 matched pairs of women with BED and a current general psychiatric disorder were recruited from the community for the New England Women's Health Project. Life events in the year before the onset of disturbed eating were assessed retrospectively with an investigator-based interview. Women with BED reported exposure to a significantly greater number of life events during the …
Night Eating: Prevalence And Demographic Correlates, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2005
Night Eating: Prevalence And Demographic Correlates, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective: To examine the prevalence and correlates of night eating, the core behavioral symptom of night eating syndrome among adolescents and adults, using two public access survey databases of nationally representative samples.
Research Methods and Procedures: Data were extracted for individuals age 13 years or older who completed food diary data for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (N = 18, 407) or the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (N = 10, 741). Prevalence estimates were calculated for three commonly used definitions of night eating. Logistic regression was used to examine correlates …
Risk Factors And Patterns Of Onset In Binge Eating Disorder, R H. Striegel, J L. Manwaring, A Hilbert, D E. Wifley, K M. Pike, C G. Fairburn, F A. Dohm
Dec 2005
Risk Factors And Patterns Of Onset In Binge Eating Disorder, R H. Striegel, J L. Manwaring, A Hilbert, D E. Wifley, K M. Pike, C G. Fairburn, F A. Dohm
Ruth Striegel Weissman
OBJECTIVE: The current study examined risk factors in women with binge eating disorder (BED) who began binging before dieting (binge-first [BF]) compared with women with BED who began dieting before binging (diet-first [DF]). It further aimed to replicate findings regarding eating disorder and general psychopathology among BF versus DF subtypes.
METHOD: One hundred fifty-five women with BED completed the Oxford Risk Factor Interview to retrospectively assess risk factors occurring before eating disturbance onset. Clinical interview assessed eating disorder and general psychopathology.
RESULTS: Overall, no significant differences in risk factors emerged between the groups. The BF group had a significantly earlier …
Breakfast Consumption In Black And White Girls Correlates Positively With Calcium And Fiber Intake And Negatively With Body Mass Index, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2004
Breakfast Consumption In Black And White Girls Correlates Positively With Calcium And Fiber Intake And Negatively With Body Mass Index, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective
To describe age- and race-related differences in breakfast consumption and to examine the association of breakfast intake with dietary calcium and fiber and body mass index (BMI).
Design
Data from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study, a 9-year, longitudinal biracial cohort study with annual 3-day food records.
Subjects/setting
The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study recruited 2,379 girls (1,166 white and 1,213 African American), aged 9 or 10 years at baseline for an observational study. Retention rates were very high at visits two through four (96%, 94%, and 91%), but …
The Relation Of Breakfast And Cereal Consumption To Nutrient Intake And Body Mass Index., Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2004
The Relation Of Breakfast And Cereal Consumption To Nutrient Intake And Body Mass Index., Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective
To examine sex differences and longitudinal changes in ready-to-eat (RTE) cereal and breakfast consumption in the Dietary Intervention Study in Children, and the relationship between RTE cereal intake with nutrient intake, blood lipids, and body mass index (BMI).
Design
Secondary analyses based on data from Dietary Intervention Study in Children, a randomized, controlled, multicenter, clinical trial with five sets of three 24-hour recalls.
Subjects/setting
Children (n=660) from six clinics aged 8 to 10 years at study entry. Participants had serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels between the 80th and 98th percentiles for age, and were followed for a mean of …
Correlates Of Persistent Thinness In Black And White Young Women, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2004
Correlates Of Persistent Thinness In Black And White Young Women, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective: To examine health and psychosocial correlates of persistent thinness in black and white young adult women.
Research Methods and Procedures: 1830 females (n = 988 black, n = 842 white) who participated in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study were asked to indicate their current body size from a series of nine pictograms (1, emaciated to 9, obese). Persistent thinness was defined as having at least seven non-missing measurement points between ages 9 to 18 with a body size rating of <4 at all points. Generalized linear models were used to …
Problematic Eating And Feeding Behaviors Of 36-Month-Old Children, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2004
Problematic Eating And Feeding Behaviors Of 36-Month-Old Children, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective We incorporated selected items from several existing instruments to create a comprehensive multifactorial instrument to measure problematic eating behaviors in young children and to examine the prevalences and correlates of these behaviors. Method A community sample of young mothers (N = 93) completed the inventory of problematic eating behaviors for their 36-month-old children. Results The most common child problems reported by mothers were the spitting out of food during feedings and becoming upset when food was restricted. A four-factor solution identified pickiness (e.g., child eats a limited variety of food), food refusal (e.g., child refuses to eat specific foods), …
Prevalence And Comorbidity Of Major Depressive Disorder In Young Black And White Women., Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2004
Prevalence And Comorbidity Of Major Depressive Disorder In Young Black And White Women., Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective
This study reports the prevalence and
comorbidity of
depression in two large samples of black and white young adult women.
Method
Clinical interviews of participants in a follow-up study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS-Wave II;
N = 378) were contrasted with a subsample of the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS;
N = 3749) to examine the rates and comorbidity of lifetime
major depressive disorder in black and white women using methodology described by
Kraemer (1995). The sequencing of disorders was also examined to determine which disorder was primary. Comorbidity and sequencing were examined …
Self-Reported Symptoms Of Depression In Late Adolescence: A Comparison Of Black And White Females, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2004
Self-Reported Symptoms Of Depression In Late Adolescence: A Comparison Of Black And White Females, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
The prevalence of depressive symptoms from adolescence through young adulthood was examined in 1,146 African-American adolescent girls and 1,075 Caucasian adolescent girls who completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies of Depression scale. Caucasian girls’ scores decreased over time, whereas scores for African-American girls were fairly consistent. Future studies are needed to examine age-specific risk factors in adolescent girls.
Factors That Influence Food Amount Ratings In White, Hispanic, And Asian Samples, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Dec 2004
Factors That Influence Food Amount Ratings In White, Hispanic, And Asian Samples, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective: Two studies explored in nonclinical samples variables that may influence meal size assessments.
Research Methods and Procedures: In Study 1, the contribution of dietary restraint, weight, depressive symptoms, and gender to ratings on the Food Amount Rating Scale was examined in 153 white women and 121 white men; in Study 2, the contribution of dietary restraint, weight, ethnicity, and ethnic group identification to Food Amount Rating Scale ratings was examined in 67 Asian, 81 Hispanic, and 107 white women.
Results: Study 1 indicated that food amounts were rated as larger when rated by male rather than …
