Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Recent Disruptions In The Timing And Intensity Of Precipitation In Calakmul, Mexico, Sofia Mardero, Birgit Schmook, Zachary Christman, Sarah E. Metcalfe, Betsabé De La Barreda-Bautista

School of Earth & Environment Faculty Scholarship

This study addresses changes in the timing and intensity of precipitation from 1982 to 2016 from three meteorological stations around Calakmul, Mexico, a landscape balancing biodiversity conservation and smallholder agricultural production. Five methods were used to assess changes in precipitation: the Mann-Kendall test of annual and wet season trends; a fuzzy-logic approach to determine the onset of the rainy season; the Gini Index and Precipitation Concentration Index (PCI) to evaluate the temporal distribution of precipitation; Simple Precipitation Intensity Index (SDII) to evaluate precipitation intensity; and the Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) to identify the deficit or surplus of rainfall compared with …

What Intellectual Empathy Can Offer Information Literacy Education, Andrea Baer

Libraries Scholarship

This chapter explores the roles that affect, social identity and beliefs play in how people engage with information about politically- and emotionally-charged issues and the implications for information literacy education, particularly in politically polarized times. Considering research from cognitive psychology and education, I also suggest ways to move beyond traditional approaches to information literacy that tend to focus on logic and “objectivity” while neglecting the significance of personal beliefs and social identity to information behaviors. I give particular focus to philosopher Maureen Linker’s concept of "intellectual empathy" – “the cognitive-affective elements of thinking about identity and social difference” (Linker, 2014, …

Brownfields Area-Wide Plan: Lower North Delaware Industrial District, Philadelphia, Mahbubur Meenar, Lynn Mandarano, Andrew Goodman, Sally Harrison

School of Earth & Environment Faculty Scholarship

A Brownfields Area-Wide Plan is created for a key portion of Philadelphia’s Lower North Delaware Industrial District. The brownfields challenges in the project are representative of both location-specific factors and issues typical of brownfield redevelopment. One hundred and fifty years of industrial history, from coal to textile or food distribution, cannot help but leave a trace. Locational factors including high vacancy rates, weak market forces, and former industrial uses highlight the classic brownfields challenges of financial barriers, liability issues, and cleanup considerations. The coalescence of these types of difficulties significantly impacts the economic, social, public health, and environmental justice concerns …

Residential Land Use Change In The Wissahickon Creek Watershed: Profitability And Sustainability?, John Sorrentino, Mahbubur Meenar, Donald Wargo

School of Earth & Environment Faculty Scholarship

The Wissahickon Creek Watershed is one of five major watersheds in the Philadelphia metro region. The main objective of the work in this paper was to determine and compare the energy and environmental impacts of placing housing in the Watershed according to profitability and environmental sustainability criteria, respectively, in the context of increasing urbanization. Future population and employment for the Watershed have been projected by the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission. Housing requirements for the projected populations in each municipality were computed, and their location was influenced by the local zoning ordinances. Suitability analysis using ArcGIS 10.6 generated areas for …

The Institutional Repository Landscape In Medical Schools And Academic Health Centers: A 2018 Snapshot View And Analysis, Daniel G. Kipnis, Lisa A. Palmer, Ramune K. Kubilius

Libraries Scholarship

Objective:

This study uses survey research methods to gain a deeper understanding of the institutional repository (IR) landscape in medical schools and academic health centers.

Methods:

Members of the Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries (AAHSL) were surveyed about their IRs. The authors used a mixed-methods approach of a survey and qualitative content analysis to identify common themes.

Results:

Survey results indicate that a large majority of responding medical schools and academic health centers have or are implementing an IR (35 out of 50, 70%). Of these, 60% (21 institutions) participate in an institution-wide IR rather than administer their own …

Designing A Blue-Green Infrastructure (Bgi) Network: Toward Water-Sensitive Urban Growth Planning In Dhaka, Bangladesh, Sanjana Ahmed, Mahbubur Meenar, Ashraful Alam

School of Earth & Environment Faculty Scholarship

In a warming world, urban environmental stresses are exacerbated by population-increase-induced development of grey infrastructure that usually leaves minimal scope for blue (and green) elements and processes, potentially resulting in mismanagement of stormwater and flooding issues. This paper explores how urban growth planning in the megacity of Dhaka, Bangladesh can be guided by a blue-green infrastructure (BGI) network that combines blue, green, and grey elements together to provide a multifunctional urban form. We take a three-step approach: First, we analyze the existing spatial morphology to understand potential locations of development and challenges, as well as the types of solutions necessary …

Exploring Environmental Justice Through Listening: An Environmental Design Case Study In Camden, Nj, Jennifer L. Kitson, Ted Howell

Open Educational Resources

This learning module is designed to introduce humanities questions into environmental engineering, planning, technology, and science courses. This module simulates cooperative and interdisciplinary environmental problem solving in an urban, industrial neighborhood which faced environmental injustice in the past. Using a neighborhood case study, students consider the historical context, five different stakeholder perspectives, and environmental justice dimensions of this community as integral to their technical design proposals related to one or more of the following topics: urban park development, waste and stormwater management, brownfield redevelopment and living shorelines. Through exposing students to research data obtained through humanities methods, such as environmental …

Why Do Frames Matter?, Samantha T. Crown

Open Educational Resources

In this assignment, students examine the coverage of a single event from two different points of view. They analyze the frames used in each report and determine how the journalist uses those frames to construct meaning and encourages a way of thinking about an environmental issue. What frames are represented in the reports? How might this also impact what is included in the report and how a journalist represents environmental issues?

Mapping The Emotional Experience Of Travel To Understand Cycle-Transit User Behavior, Mahbubur Meenar, Bradley Flamm, Kevin Keenan

School of Earth & Environment Faculty Scholarship

People experience emotions during travel. Driving, riding a bicycle, taking transit, and walking all involve multiple mental processes, potentially leading to various ranges of emotions such as fear, anger, sorrow, joy, and anticipation. Understanding the link between emotions and transportation environments is critical to planning efforts aiming to bring about a more environmentally sustainable society. In this paper, we identified, geo-coded, analyzed, and visualized emotions experienced by cycle–transit users, or CTUs, who combine bicycling and public transit in a single trip. We addressed two research questions: (1) What types of emotions do CTUs experience, why, and where? (2) How can …

Curricula For Empathy And Compassion Training In Medical Education: A Systematic Review., Sundip Patel, Alexis Pelletier-Bui, Stephanie Smith, Michael Roberts, Hope Kilgannon, Stephen Trzeciak, Brian W Roberts

Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics

BACKGROUND: Empathy and compassion are vital components of health care quality; however, physicians frequently miss opportunities for empathy and compassion in patient care. Despite evidence that empathy and compassion training can be effective, the specific behaviors that should be taught remain unclear. We synthesized the biomedical literature on empathy and compassion training in medical education to find the specific curricula components (skills and behaviors) demonstrated to be effective.

METHODS: We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL using a previously published comprehensive search strategy. We screened reference lists of the articles meeting inclusion criteria to identify additional studies for potential inclusion. …

Evaluating Urban Odor With Field Olfactometry In Camden, Nj, Jennifer L. Kitson, Monica Leiva, Zachary Christman, Pamela Dalton

School of Earth & Environment Faculty Scholarship

Odor annoyance negatively impacts residents of communities adjacent to persistent nuisance industries. These residents, often with a high percentage of minority or otherwise marginalized residents, experience subjective and objective impacts on health and well-being; yet, reliable methods for quantifying and categorizing odors have been elusive. Field olfactometry is integral to the study of odor annoyance experienced by communities as it includes both qualitative (human perception) and quantitative (intensity measurement) dimensions of human odor experience and has been employed by municipalities in the U.S. to evaluate odor pollution levels. Cartographic visualization of odor data recorded using a field olfactometer offers further …

Mindfulness And Blood Pressure Across Demographics: Analyses From The Serenity Study, Gabrielle R. Chin

Theses and Dissertations

Mindfulness, as a state, trait, and training, is linked with myriad positive mental and physical health outcomes. Understanding the individual characteristics potentially influencing links between mindful traits, mindfulness training, and physical health, is therefore important, yet remains under-addressed. Utilizing data from the ongoing Serenity Study (NCT02371317), the current project examines if (1) at baseline, higher trait mindfulness relates to lower BP consistently as a function of demographics, (2) Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) training lowers BP consistently across demographic subgroups and initial levels of trait mindfulness, and (3) if change in trait mindfulness following MBSR training correlates with change in BP …

New Jersey's Waste Management Data: Retrospect And Prospect, Jordan Howell, Katherine Schmidt, Brooke Iacone, Giavanni Rizzo, Christina Parilla

School of Earth & Environment Faculty Scholarship

Reliable data about collection, volume, tonnage, stream composition, and disposal price have long been described as key components of successful solid waste management planning. Yet, concerns about data quality and quantity have continued to limit even the most sincere, progressive waste management schemes. This paper examines solid waste management data that has been collected in the US state of New Jersey starting in the 1960s. We present the origins of waste management data collection in New Jersey and trace some of the applications that have been made with the data over time. We compare the New Jersey dataset to waste …

The Effects Of The Chinese Imports On Brazilian Manufacturing Workers, Lourenco Paz, Kul Kapri

College of Humanities and Social Sciences Faculty Scholarship

This study examines the impacts of imports from China and from the Rest of the World (ROW) on the wages of Brazilian manufacturing workers during 2000–2012. In this period, import penetration in Brazil grew by 25 percent, and the Chinese share of it increased from 3 to 20 percent. Using household survey data that encompass both formal and informal workers, we find that imports from China and from the ROW had different effects on manufacturing skilled and unskilled workers’ wages. Both the skilled and unskilled workers were negatively affected by an increase in the Chinese import penetration of intermediate inputs. …

Reassessing The Confluence Model Of Men's Risk Of Sexual Aggression, Ebru Yucel

Theses and Dissertations

The confluence model of sexual aggression has been a gold standard for identifying men's risk of sexual aggression. However, many replications and iterations of the model have continued to produce similar results with slight improvement. This consistent occurrence may be due to changes in the dating landscape that have occurred since the synthesis of the confluence model. In addition, these replications and iterations of the confluence model have utilized different ways of measuring one of the core constructs of the confluence model: impersonal sex. This study had two aims: (1) identify the best method of measuring impersonal sex, and (2) …

Assessing The Functions Of Prescription Stimulant Abuse Among College Students, Matthew J. Dwyer

Theses and Dissertations

Non-medical prescription stimulant use (NMPSU), such as using medications like Ritalin, Adderall, and Concerta without a prescription or at a higher dosage than prescribed, is a rising trend in American adults. Use is most prevalent among college age adults (18-25 years old). Survey research among experienced users has identified several reasons college students are engaging in NMPSU, including enhancement of cognitive, athletic, and social performance, but less is known about how the relative reinforcing value differs based on the reasons of use. Behavioral economic drug purchase tasks have been used to capture reinforcer strength and motivation related to use of …

Schizotypy As A Predictor For Social Media Use And Internet Addiction Behaviors In Emerging Adults, Devin Massaro

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the unique domains/symptom clusters within schizotypy as they relate to Facebook use and internet addiction behaviors, while controlling for co-morbid disorders such as depression and anxiety. Using an online survey, this study measured electronic media use, internet addiction behavior, and schizotypy in 270 undergraduate students (aged 18-30). We expected mood symptoms of anxiety and depression to predict both internet addiction and Facebook use in this sample, and controlled for these variables accordingly. We hypothesized that schizotypy would contribute significantly to the prediction of internet addiction and Facebook use above and beyond anxiety, depression, and demographic variables and …

Examining Early Maladaptive Schemas, Depression, And Health Behaviors, Juliana D'Onofrio

Theses and Dissertations

Chronic disease continues to predominate the leading causes of death and account for the majority of healthcare expenditures in the United States. Researchers have identified that engagement in negative health behaviors, such as eating a poor diet, physical inactivity, risky sexual activity, nicotine and illicit drug use, and excessive alcohol consumption is a key risk factor for developing chronic disease later in life. In order to help motivate individuals to adhere to a healthy lifestyle, understanding why an individual might engage in negative health behaviors is warranted. Young's schema theory is a social cognitive theory that explores early maladaptive schemas …

Supporting Lgbtq+ Survivors On Campus, Molly Sapia, Ethan Levine, Phd

Title IX Summit

Back by popular demand, last year's Supporting LGBTQ+ Survivors on Campus has been revamped for the new state of Title IX. Historically, Title IX protections have provided a much-needed resource for addressing sexual violence on campus. However, the benefits of Title IX may not apply equally to all students in practice. This workshop will discuss how the history of Title IX raises questions about its applicability for all sexual violence, and ultimately explore strategies for addressing sexual violence in lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer (LGBTQ+) communities. How effectively does Title IX address same-sex violence? What other policy and programmatic …

Don’T Be Afraid To Catch Feels: Facilitating A Healthy Relationship Series For Students, Laura Luciano, Julie Millisky

Title IX Summit

This is a two-part workshop providing participants with the tools to replicate a four-part healthy relationship series on their campus. Presenters will share their experience creating and facilitating this series for students. Participants will engage in an activity from each of the four workshops. Presenters will also share information about effectiveness based on evaluation and future plans to create additional sessions. Don’t be Afraid to Catch Feels was created to address intimate partner violence by using a primary prevention approach. This series was designed to provide students with a space to consider their own choices when engaging in emotional, sexual, …

Reluctant Witnesses: Best Practices For Engaging Individuals In Challenging Title Ix Investigations, Dan Schorr, J.D., Alyssa-Rae Mcginn

Title IX Summit

Participating in a sexual misconduct or harassment investigation as a party or witness is difficult, and it often involves sharing information that is uncomfortable, personal, and triggering. Title IX and sexual misconduct investigations are rooted in interviews with those holding important knowledge of the events in question, but when interviewees are reluctant to speak or do not wish to be forthcoming, the investigative process suffers. This session provides guidance for gaining the participation of a reluctant party or witness, including making a good first impression, establishing rapport and trust, framing questions in order to obtain the right information, and communicating …

What Does Effective Training And Education On Sexual Violence Look Like?, Brooke Mascagni, Phd, Emily Ralph

Title IX Summit

The Obama-era OCR guidelines attempted to eradicate rape culture on college campuses through Title IX compliance. But compliance alone, in light of the Trump administration's proposed new rules, will lessen colleges' liability and potentially create traumatic circumstances for survivors of sexual violence in the adjudication process. In this highly polarized political environment, we must prioritize building trust among students, faculty members, and community practitioners who specialize in gender-based violence. Our most vulnerable students–– women, particularly women of color, and LGBTQ & gender non-conforming–– need a proper institutional response from college administrators to balance the scales of power. In this talk, …

Addressing Diversity In Mindfulness Research On Health: A Narrative Review Using The Addressing Framework, Gabrielle Chin, Vanessa Anyanso, Jeffrey Greeson

Cooper Rowan Medical Journal

ABSTRACT

Objective: Despite burgeoning popularity of mindfulness and mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in medicine, it remains unclear to what extent scientific evidence reflects diverse populations, including the medically underserved. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the current state of inclusion and diversity in mindfulness research focused on physical and mental health through Pamela Hays’ ADDRESSING Framework.

Methods: Authors searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases through September 2018. Articles were included if they were English, peer-reviewed articles detailing findings from a quantitative study on health-related outcomes. Review articles, letters to the editor, and qualitative studies were excluded.

Results: …

Impact Of The Affordable Care Act On The Cooper Women’S Care Center, Amanda Malik, Natali Franzblau

Cooper Rowan Medical Journal

Background: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) increased access to women’s health care by expanding Medicaid eligibility and requiring that insurance plans cover many gynecologic preventive services at no cost to patients. Before implementation of the ACA, pregnant women with low incomes qualified for Medicaid but childless adults of the same income did not, and though prenatal obstetrical visits were covered by plans at no or low cost to patients, most gynecologic services required out of pocket payments.

Objective: This study aimed to identify changes in the types of visits (gynecologic or obstetric) and patient demographics (including age, race, …

Effects Of Social Media On Patient Perceptions And Compliance, Annmarie Butare, Adarsh Gupta

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

It is the physician’s responsibility to ensure that their patients are collecting credible and accurate information. Considering the significant proportion of patients using social media to assist with medical decision making, physicians should incorporate this into their patient education in order to ensure patient understanding of the information gathered both outside and inside the medical office, thereby improving compliance and outcomes.

The goals of this study were to examine the influence of social media on patient perceptions of healthcare and use this infomration to improve physician understanding of patient health information-seeking behaviors to improve patient compliance. The three-part survey included …

Gender And Organizational Citizenship Behavior In Library Technology: Mixed Methods Study, Sharon Whitfield

Theses and Dissertations

Academic librarianship continues to be a feminized profession, yet there are specializations within the profession that tend to be gender segregated, such as library technology. In this mixed methods study, women technology librarians' behaviors are examined through the gendered lens of organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs), which are discretionary, voluntary acts that are outside an employee's job description (Organ, 1988), but help shape the organizational culture and facilitate organizational functioning (Podsakoff & MacKenzie, 1997). This mixed methods study uses a survey to inform the extent of differences in organizational citizenship behaviors between men and women, and interviews to provide new insight …

Social Media Usage And Body Image: The Role Of Personality And Stress, Dylan M. Cleary, Trina Ganguly, Georgtoria J. Wion, Thomas W. O'Kane

STEM Student Research Symposium Posters

Body image, the opinion someone has of their own body, is an important construct to study as a poor body image is associated with many aspects of general well-being, such as poor quality of life (Duarte, Ferreira, Trindade, & Pinto-Gouveia, 2015; Griffiths et al., 2017), poor self-esteem (Furnham, Badmin & Sneade), and eating disorders (Polivy & Herman, 2002). Researchers have sought to identify factors predictive of the development body image in an effort to provide evidence-based programs to promote a healthy body image. Some factors associated with body image are social media usage, personality, and stress. In the present study …

The Effect Of Color On Time Perception And Task Performance, Jake Hensz, Max Hart, Melissa Banuelos, Chad Shire

STEM Student Research Symposium Posters

Program: BS in Psychological Science

IRB#: Pro2018000277

The current study investigates the relationship between color and time perception. Prior research suggests that red stimuli create a greater temporal distortion than other colors, and that the direction of the distortion (i.e. underestimation or overestimation) varies with context. Research also shows that red stimuli tend to have negative effects on performance in academic contexts, perhaps due to the psychological and physiological arousal. This study specifically investigates the effect of arousal on this relationship, being the first to investigate the relationship between red, time perception, arousal, and task performance on a concurrent task …

Do You Juul? Predictors Of Licit Stimulant Use In Undergraduate Students, Brandon Lloyd Mchugh, Casey Belgio, Angela Spadafino, Gabrielle Longo

STEM Student Research Symposium Posters

The purpose of this study is to assess possible predictors of stimulant use in college students. We define stimulant use as the consumption of caffeine or nicotine in any form. Researchers anticipate that stimulant use will be positively associated with procrastination, academic stress, and parental pressures. The current study uses a cross-sectional design. Participants responded to recruitment via SONA for Essentials of Psychology credit or social media posts by student researchers. Participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing various kinds of caffeine and nicotine (cigarettes, e-cigarettes, JUULs). We also asked about procrastination habits surrounding schoolwork using Lay’s Procrastination Scale. To assess academic …

Battling Imposter Syndrome: You Persevered! Luck Has No Place Here, Julius Grayson, Dr. Lesley Mateo

First-Generation Symposium

The pressure to succeed and set yourself apart from the rest may seem overwhelming! If you identify as an underrepresented minority (URM) in higher education, the pressure intensifies when you are unable to see yourself, relate and/or identify with your college instructors or campus. Research suggests that identifying as an URM and not having visible representation of yourself in the classroom or on campus can lead to something known as Impostor Phenomenon (IP) also known as Impostor Syndrome. IP is the belief that achievement and success occur not because of performance or ability but rather because of luck. IP negatively …