Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Poetic Politics: Renewing The Black Jeremiad On The Inaugural Stage, Rachel Johnson

21st Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2022)

National Youth Poet Laureate Amanda Gorman stunned the United States with her captivating performance of “The Hill We Climb: An Inaugural Poem for the Country” during the 2021 inaugural ceremony for President Biden and Vice President Harris. Analyzing this political poem, we contribute to the rhetorical scholarship of inaugural ceremonies and demonstrate how Gorman’s performance renews the tradition of Black jeremiads. Specifically, we argue that Gorman’s performance creates a “double play” on white expectations, thereby crafting a rival version of democratic unity as she poetically envisions a “We, the people” that does not center on white men and is not …

The Anchor: April 2022, Hope College

The Anchor: 2022

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor's history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). As of Fall 2019 The Anchor has moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular.

The Anchor: Spring 2022, Issue I, Hope College

The Anchor: 2022

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor's history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). As of Fall 2019 The Anchor has moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular.

The Eschatological Hope Scale: Construct Development And Measurement Of Theistic Eschatological Hope, Charlotte Vanoyen-Witvliet, M. Elizabeth Lewis Hall, Julie J. Exline, David C. Wang, Lindsey M. Root Luna, Daryl R. Van Tongeren, David G. Myers, Alexis D. Abernethy, John D. Witvliet

Faculty Publications

This study aimed to expand psychological research on hope by contributing a construct and scale to measure central dimensions of theistic eschatological hope derived from Christian scriptures. Eschatological hope was conceptualized as the anticipation that God will make all things new, raising people to everlasting life with God in joyful celebration, including people from every culture and nation, ending all personal pain and suffering, eliminating all societal evil and harm, and bringing reconciliation and healing to all of creation. We developed the Eschatological Hope Scale with three studies (N = 1,466). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported the single-factor structure …

Accountability And Autonomy, Motivation, And Psychiatric Treatment, John R. Peteet, Charlotte Vanoyen-Witvliet, C. Stephen Evans

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Accountability As A Key Virtue In Mental Health And Human Flourishing, John R. Peteet, Charlotte Vanoyen-Witvliet, C. Stephen Evans

Faculty Publications

We propose that accountability plays an implicit, important, and relatively unexamined role in psychiatry. People generally think of accountability as a relation in which one party is held accountable by another. In this paper, we examine accountability as a virtue, drawing on philosophy, psychiatry, and psychology to examine what it means to welcome being accountable in an excellent way that promotes flourishing. When people manifest accountability as a virtue, they are both responsive to others they owe a response, and they are responsible for their attitudes and actions in light of these relationships. Psychiatric treatment often aims to correct disordered …

The Anchor: Fall 2021, Issue I, Hope College

The Anchor: 2021

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor's history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). As of Fall 2019 The Anchor has moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular.

The Anchor: Fall 2021, Issue Ii, Hope College

The Anchor: 2021

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor's history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). As of Fall 2019 The Anchor has moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular.

The Anchor: Fall 2021, Issue Iii, Hope College

The Anchor: 2021

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor's history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). As of Fall 2019 The Anchor has moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular.

Examining First Responders’ Mental Health, Taylor Richmond

20th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2021)

Terror Management Theory describes the existential angst that humans feel with the understanding that death is truly inevitable and it assists in explaining why humans develop and maintain religious beliefs, how numerous religious orientations address universal existential concerns, and what the social costs and benefits are (Vail et.al, 2010). The purpose of our research was to understand the role of religion (or various coping mechanisms) in terror management processes and managing existential concerns in a community sample (mTurk) and in a sample of participants who regularly face mortality concerns (first responders).

We collected two samples. Participants were randomly assigned to …

Filled And Unfulfilled Hope: The Effect Of Imagery On Self-Regulatory Resources And Emotion, Isabel Santos, Delaney Groves

20th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2021)

An important element of human cognition is the ability to imagine and hope for future outcomes. Imagining the future may result in states of hope or hopelessness. Hypertension, respiratory tract infections (Richman et al., 2005), and depression in adolescents (Waszczuk, Coulson, Gregory, & Eley, 2016) have been correlated with hopelessness, whereas positive emotions (Snyder et al., 1991) and lower levels of anxiety and depression (Feldman & Snyder, 2005) have been associated with states of hope. Using an experimental approach, hope evocation decreased anger and anxiety, along with heart rate, compared to rumination following a stressful event (Chadwick et al., 2016). …

The Effects Of The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program On Non-Targeted Interventions, Anna Kate Peterson

20th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2021)

According to the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, the rate of hospital readmissions for Medicare patients fell from 18.3 percent in 2010 to 17.1 percent in 2016. Still, since avoidable readmission within 30 days of discharge is a negative healthcare outcome and costly, whether the readmission is due to low-quality care or random complication, it captures the attention of healthcare cost-conscious policymakers. The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP), implemented in 2012, aims to decrease readmission following selected procedures. This research analyzes the effect of the HRRP on readmission rates that were not a part of the HRRP’s intended scope, referred …

The Effects Of Religiousness And Spirituality On Covid-19 Health Behavior Compliance, Kimberly Paquette

20th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2021)

Just a little over a year ago, our lives changed as our country fell into panic and all around us businesses and organizations shut down. Everyone but essential workers were supposed to stay home to prevent the spread of the deadly novel coronavirus. Like workplaces, places of worship also closed their doors, which for some was unprecedented. Organizational decisions and norms within these places of worship such as whether to follow executive orders, socially distance, and cleaning may have influenced individuals’ opinions on how to react to the pandemic. If religious communities chose not to follow these guidelines, telling parishioners …

The Benefit Of Gratitude: Trait Gratitude Is Associated With Effective Economic Decision-Making In The Ultimatum Game, Gewnhi Park, Charlotte Vanoyen-Witvliet, Jorge A. Barraza, Benjamin U. Marsh

Faculty Publications

The current research investigated the role of gratitude in economic decisions about offers that vary in fairness yet benefit both parties if accepted. Participants completed a trait/dispositional gratitude measure and then were randomly assigned to recall either an event that made them feel grateful (i.e., induced gratitude condition) or the events of a typical day (i.e., neutral condition). After the gratitude induction task, participants played the ultimatum game (UG), deciding whether to accept or reject fair offers (i.e., proposer: responder ratio $5:5) and unfair offers (i.e., proposer: responder ratios of $9:1, $8:2, or $7:3) from different proposers. Results showed that …

The Anchor: April 2021, Hope College

The Anchor: 2021

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor's history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). As of Fall 2019 The Anchor has moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular.

The Anchor: March 17, 2021, Hope College

The Anchor: 2021

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor's history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). As of Fall 2019 The Anchor has moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular.

The Anchor: February 17, 2021, Hope College

The Anchor: 2021

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor's history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). As of Fall 2019 The Anchor has moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular.

Building Digital Libraries: A How-To-Do-It Manual For Librarians, 2nd Ed. By Kyle Banerjee And Terry Reese Jr. [Review], Geoffrey D. Reynolds

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Conceptualizing Spirituality And Religion As Psychological Processes: Validation Of The Factor Structure Of The Bmmrs, Brick Johnstone, Patricia Bruininks, Erin I. Smith, Dong Pil Yoon, Daniel Cohen, Laird Edman, Joseph Bankard, Charlotte Vanoyen-Witvliet

Faculty Publications

This study validated previous principal component analyses of the Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality (BMMRS) that have been conducted with persons with diverse medical conditions and traumatic brain injuries from diverse cultures (India, US), ethnicities (African American, Caucasian, South Asian), and religions (Christian, Hindu, Muslim). Participants included 398 healthy undergraduate students who completed the BMMRS online. A principal components factor analysis identified a five factor solution accounting for 64.00% of the variance in scores, labelled as: (1) Positive Spiritual Experience; (2) Negative Spiritual Experience/Congregational Support; (3) Forgiveness; (4) Religious Practices; and (5) Positive Congregational Support. The current analysis is supportive …

The Anchor: November 4, 2020, Hope College

The Anchor: 2020

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor's history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). As of Fall 2019 The Anchor has moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular.

The Anchor: October 7, 2020, Hope College

The Anchor: 2020

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor's history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). As of Fall 2019 The Anchor has moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular.

The Anchor: September 2, 2020, Hope College

The Anchor: 2020

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor's history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). As of Fall 2019 The Anchor has moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular.

Global Technologies: A Discussion Regarding The Digital Divide, Stephen Hommowun

19th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2020)

The digital divide is a concept that explains the gap in technological access between the global north and south. The purpose of this study is to show how technology can be used to enact social change. This study has found that there is a positive correlation between less technological access and less social change. As such, this study will also discuss factors that limit countries’ ability to develop new technology. These factors include a country’s economic strength, their literacy and educational standards, infrastructure in place, and political organization.

The Influence Of Hsv-1 Infection On Circadian Rhythms And Behavior In Mice, Lauren Evert, Kevin Catalfano, Victoria Gardner, Anna Lunderberg

19th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2020)

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection is a lifelong viral infection that affects approximately half of the human population (McQuillan et al., 2018), yet little is known about its neurological effects. There is correlational evidence that infection with HSV-1 can induce cognitive decline and increased anxiety behaviors (Harris & Harris, 2015; Steel & Eslick, 2015; Tarter, Simanek, Dowd, & Aiello, 2014). In addition, HSV-1 may be associated with disruptions to circadian rhythms because HSV-1 is associated with chronic fatigue syndrome (Bond & Dinan, 2006), the time of HSV-1 infection impacts the viral replication (Edgar, 2016), and HSV impacts CLOCK machinery …

The Role Of Group Pride, Sympathy, & Guilt In Changing Privileged Groups' Views Of Racism, Natalie Trout, Maya Newell, Timothy Bartelds Ii

19th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2020)

There’s a large gap between the way many Americans (especially Caucasians) and ethnic minorities perceive racism and the reality of experiencing racism. Among many Caucasians, there is a pervasive norm that race and racism are no longer a problem, yet 74% of Blacks polled in 2009 said they were personally discriminated against because of their race (Reid & Foehls, 2010). The goal of this study was to extend prior theory on group emotions to a new domain. We tested whether creating group pride, guilt, and sympathy influenced perceptions of racism in people who belong to a privileged group (Caucasians). We …

How Religious Priming Affects Attitudes About Immigration, Taylor Richmond, Kelly Teahan, Carolyn Priebe, Matthew Severino

19th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2020)

Many world religions emphasize the importance of charity and hospitality towards those in need, so one may expect there to be greater levels of helpfulness towards immigrants among the religious. However, several social psychological perspectives, including Social Identity Theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1979), Coalitional Psychology (Navarrete & Fessler, 2005), and Terror Management Theory (Solomon, Greenberg, & Pyszczynski, 2000), have found that people are more willing to help in-group members than out-of-group members. Religious texts often vary in theme and research has found that biblical passages about a violent God led participants to be more aggressive, (Bushman. Ridge, Das, Key, & …

Understanding Moral Foundations: Gender, Politics, And Religion Within A Sample Of First Year Pre-Health Students, Grace Hannah

19th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2020)

All individuals have a sense of what actions are moral or immoral, even without specifically deliberating about decisions. Prior research has shown that moral foundations theory is helpful in understanding variations in moral sentiments within a population. These moral foundations consist of five domains: harm, fairness, in-group/loyalty, authority, and purity/sanctity. For this research project, we looked into how respondents’ religious affiliation, gender, and political ideology affected their core moral foundations. We sent an electronic questionnaire to college freshman who indicated an interest in a health related studies or profession from an initial survey they took before beginning college. Results show …

How Do Resilience Resources Change In Response To Acute Stress?, Victoria Gardner, Nina Cuthrell, Sydney Tressler

19th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2020)

People respond to stress in a variety of ways. Resilience, or the ability to bounce back from adversity, is a common response (Bonanno, 2004). Because adversity is common, it is vital to further examine sources of resilience. There is a lack of knowledge related to resilience and everyday stress, thus, we intended to study the relationship between resilience resources and acute stressors. In particular, we wanted to test whether people with higher resilience resources experienced acute stressors as less stressful than others and whether self-ratings of resilience resources would change after exposure to acute stress. Participants are recruited through a …

Distinctions Between Democratic Developments In Africa: Different Journeys For Similar Outcomes?, Emma Deslauriers-Knop

19th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2020)

Democracy has had a tumultuous experience in sub-Saharan Africa. However, democracy has been gaining traction across the continent especially since the early 1990’s in the so-called “third wave” of democracy. This study explores democratic developments in Africa in order to determine potential factors of influence within the creation and “success” of a democracy, as reported by indices such as Freedom House Index and Transparency Index. In addition to the resulting democracy, this study examines the process of the transition of power from the previous regime of a country to the newfound democracy, and how this is a critical make or …

The Digital Divide In Sub-Saharan Africa, Taylor Spanbauer

19th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2020)

The existence of a digital divide affects all information technology (IT) users. The digital divide is known as the gap between those who are able to make effective use of technology and the Internet, and those who are not. My project will explore the existence of a digital divide between countries in the global north and countries in the global south. Additionally, I will investigate the possible causes of the digital divide, and the positive or negative effects the divide may have on societies, all with an emphasis on sub-Saharan Africa. Causes of the digital divide can be traced to …