Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

El Efecto De Las Leyes Electorales Sobre La Fragmentación Partidaria En Chile, 2004‐2008. Voto Estratégico, Barreras A La Entrada E Información., Sergio Y. Toro, Rafael Piñeiro, Mauricio Morales

Sergio Y. Toro

Resumen Este artículo analiza los efectos de las fórmulas mayoritarias sobre el número efectivo de candidatos en las elecciones de Presidente (mayoría absoluta) y Alcalde (mayoría relativa) en Chile. Aunque teóricamente se esperaría una mayor fragmentación con el sistema de mayoría absoluta con dos vueltas, los autores demuestran que para el caso chileno se observa precisamente lo contrario. La fragmentación es mayor en el sistema de mayoría relativa. Esto se explica por los menores costos de entrada e información que existen para las elecciones de alcalde respecto a las presidenciales. Respaldamos esta hipótesis con un modelo estadístico en serie de …

Eplaining The Performance Of Italian Exports During The Crisis: (Medium) Quality Matters, Claudio Vicarelli, Piero Esposito

Claudio Vicarelli

A recent study argues that the contraction in total trade that occurred during the crisis was mainly driven by the fall in high quality goods, which should have higher income elasticity owing to a non-linear Engel curve. Our aims are, on the one hand, to test the quality Engel curve assumption for EU15 imports from Italy and, on the other hand, to ascertain whether a break in income elasticities – either temporary or permanent – occurred during the global financial crisis as a result of the changing preference for quality of consumers in the old EU member states. We test …

Tamaño Ideal Del Estado, Guillermo Arosemena

Guillermo Arosemena

No abstract provided.

El Relato K: De Donde Viene Y Hacia Dónde Va, Augusto Reina, Máximo Reina

Augusto Reina

Luego de 8 años de gobierno, el kirchnerismo se apresta a cambiar la lógica de los ciclos políticos argentinos. Tres periodos consecutivos es algo que no pudo conseguir ningún espacio político en la historia argentina. Frente a esto, el análisis que adjuntamos comienza con una reconstrucción de los apoyos que obtuvo el gobierno en estos 8 años, identificando sus principales sostenes y cristalizando el relato de gobierno que mantuvo en los últimos años. Sostenemos que la consistencia con la cual el kirchnerismo ha logrado hilvanar diversas políticas dentro de un mismo relato es uno de los principales pilares de su …

Book Review: Karen Alter, The European Court's Power Selected Essays, Arthur Dyevre

Arthur Dyevre

No abstract provided.

Growing Apart? Ethno-Regional Identity Politics, Tensions And Threats To The Nigerian State, 1960-2010, Ali Simon Yusufu Bagaji

Ali Simon Yusufu Bagaji

The notion of democracy, the motive behind party formation, ethno-regional spread of parties, voting behaviour and pattern of electoral results, and pre and post election crises among other fissiparous tendencies are all indications that Nigeria is a highly divided society. This article examines manifestation of ethno-regional identity politics, and how identity has re-focused political participation, struggles and conflicts in the Nigerian federation. It concludes that despite institutionalisation of measures aimed at preventing the use of any form of divisive identity in the Nigerian body politic. Nigeria, after over fifty years of state-building and political engineering, appears to be growing apart.

Warfare, Taxation, And Political Change: Evidence From The Italian Risorgimento, Mark Dincecco, Giovanni Federico, Andrea Vindigni

Andrea Vindigni

We examine the relationships between warfare, taxation, and political change in the context of the political unification of the Italian peninsula. Using a comprehensive new database, we argue that external and internal threat environments had significant implications for the demand for military strength, which in turn had important ramifications for fiscal policy and the likelihood of constitutional reform and related improvements in the provision of non-military public services. Our analytic narrative complements recent theoretical and econometric works about state capacity. By emphasizing public finances, we also uncover novel insights about the forces underlying state formation in Italy.

The Oecd And Phases In The International Political Economy, 1961-2011, Judith Clifton, Daniel Díaz-Fuentes

Judith Clifton

In 2011, the OECD turned fifty. To provide a broad foundation for further thinking on this organization, we analyse its evolution over half a century from two perspectives: phases in the international political economy and the literature on IPE. By so doing, we uncover two paradoxes. Firstly, we find that the organization’s evolution closely mirrored major phases in the postwar international political economy until recently. However, the OECD’s long-term dependence on theWest has now become an obstacle to its efforts to adapt to the latest phase, characterised by the rise of non-Western powers. Secondly, we show that, during the OECD’s …

‘The More You Put Into It, The More You Get Out Of It:’ The Development Of The General Member, Larry D. Long, Alex Snowden

Larry D. Long

A presentation on the experience and growth of fraternity and sorority members who hold and do not hold a position of responsibility in their organization.

Study On The Anti-Competitive Enforcement Of Intellectual Property Rights: Sham Litigation, Lucia Helena Salgado, Denis B. Barbosa, Graziela F. Zucoloto

Lucia Helena Salgado

1. The objective of this study was to trace a worldwide frame of the current state of the anticompetitive use of judicial actions in defense of intellectual property, also known as Sham Litigation. Sham litigation has been object of controversy, as it opposes connects the exercise of allegedly legitimate rights to the idea of abuse on its uses, meaning (in economic terms) a strategic use with the objective of harming or excluding a rival from the market. A good and pioneer possible tentative definition for sham litigation in on a strict economic perspective is a predatory or fraudulent litigation with …

Socio-Statistical Research On The Internalization Of European Administrative Space Principles In The Romanian Public Administration, Ani Matei

Lucica Matei

The authors propose an analysis of the public administration reform in Romania by assessing whether the Romanian civil servants perform their duties according to the regulations of the European Administrative Space.

The paper offers a socio-statistic perspective on the internalization of the European Administrative Space principles, namely, the rule of law, openness towards citizens, and public administration responsibility in a Romanian context, after the European Union accession. Designed within the framework of modern theories of organizational sociology that see internalization as a process of organizational learning and change, and using a relevant sample of Romanian civil servants, the paper offers …

Secondary Markets: The Quiet Economic Value Creator, John Mayo, Scott J. Wallsten

Scott J. Wallsten

No abstract provided.

Information Sharing Under Mixed Cooperative And Competitive Reward Structures, Shahla Ghobadi Dr

shahla ghobadi Dr

With regard to the increased application of team-based organizational structures, great attention has been devoted to research on work groups. A growing body of literature indicates the crucial role of cooperative or competitive reward structures in determining information sharing patterns, and in turn group performance. The real situations are, however, a mixture of cooperative and competitive- coopetitive- reward structures in different intensities and mix. This study aims to provide a better understanding of coopetitive structures and their impact on group interactions. More specifically, this study investigates how two types of coopetitive reward structures (dominant cooperative and dominant competitive reward structures) …

Designing Carbon Taxation Schemes For Automobiles: A Simulation Exercise For Germany, Adamos Adamou, Sofronis Clerides, Theodoros Zachariadis

Theodoros Zachariadis

Vehicle taxation based on CO2 emissions is increasingly being adopted worldwide in order to shift consumer purchases to low-carbon cars, yet little is known about the effectiveness and overall economic impact of these schemes. We focus on feebate schemes, which impose a fee on high-carbon vehicles and give a rebate to purchasers of low-carbon automobiles. We estimate a discrete choice model of demand for automobiles in Germany and simulate the impact of alternative feebate schemes on emissions, consumer welfare, public revenues and firm profits. The analysis shows that a well-designed scheme can lead to emission reductions without reducing overall welfare.

Three Dimensions Of The Emerging Political Philosophy Of Islam, Muqtedar Khan

Muqtedar Khan

This chapter explores how jurists, philosophers and theologians contribute to islamic political theory.

The Value Of Government Mandated Location-Based Services In Emergencies In Australia, Anas Aloudat, Katina Michael, Roba Abbas, Mutaz M. Al-Debei

Dr. Mutaz M. Al-Debei

The adoption of mobile technologies for emergency management has the capacity to save lives. In Australia in February 2009, the Victorian Bushfires claimed 173 lives, the worst peace-time disaster in the nation’s history. The Australian government responded swiftly to the tragedy by going to tender for mobile applications that could be used during emergencies, such as mobile alerts and location services. These applications, which are becoming increasingly accurate with the evolution of positioning techniques, have the ability to deliver personalized information direct to the citizen during crises, complementing traditional broadcasting mediums like television and radio. Indeed governments have a responsibility …

Changes In Maternal Health And Health Behaviors As A Function Of Homelessness., Jung Min Park, Angela Fertig, Stephen Metraux

Stephen Metraux

This longitudinal study examines the influence of homelessness on maternal health and health behaviors. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, it follows 2,631 families from 20 large US cities over 5 years. Over that period, 9.8 percent of the sample reportedly experienced at least one homeless spell and an additional 23.6 percent experienced one or more doubled-up episodes. Estimated rates of disability, depression, and anxiety are two to three times higher for the homeless group than for those with no homeless spell. Mothers who become homeless are found to have poorer health outcomes both before and …

Understanding Controversies And Ill-Structured Problems Through Argument Visualization. Curriculum And Learning Materials For Problem-Based Learning In Small Groups Of Students Who Work Autonomously On Projects With The Interactive Agora Software, Including An Exemplary Reader On Genetically Modified Plants, Michael H.G. Hoffmann

Michael H.G. Hoffmann

No abstract provided.

El Secreto Del Éxito: Presidentes Y Cártles Legislativos En Uruguay, Daniel Chasquetti

Daniel Chasquetti

In the last two decades the Uruguayan political system has shown a cooperative relationship between the two government branches. he Executives were able to pass their legislative agenda in an eicient way by building cartel-party at the Houses. his article proposes an explanation based on the theoretical developments of Cox and McCubbins (1993 and 2005), about the creation of legislative cartels in Uruguay. In particular, the article explains how constitutes a central authority in the House where the executive holds a dominant inluence, and how that authority usurps and controls the agenda power. I also present new evidence about the …

Toolkit And Guidance For Preventing And Managing Land And Natural Resources Conflict: Conflict Prevention In Resource-Rich Economies, Cosmas Milton Obote Ochieng Ochieng

Cosmas Milton Obote Ochieng Ochieng

Natural resource exports such as oil, diamonds and copper provide opportunities to drive growth and human development. However, extraction of these commodities can also result in slow growth, poverty and conflict. This paper focuses on four questions. First, how does natural resource dependence impede economic and social progress? Second, how does lack of economic and social progress translate into violent conflict? Third, which economic policies lessen the risk of conflict? Fourth, what are the programmatic implications for UNDP?

By synthesizing country cases, this paper shows that resource-based countries face a higher risk of experiencing violent conflict because of increases in …

Elementos Para Una EconomíA PolíTica Del Republicanismo: Un AnáLisis CríTico De La Renta BáSica De Alaska, David Casassas, Jurgen De Wispelaere

Jurgen De Wispelaere

En este artículo presentamos las ideas básicas que subyacen a la teoría política republicana y establecemos una línea de demarcación entre la perspectiva republicana y el libertarianismo de izquierdas, el cual tiene en la renta básica de Alaska su plasmación institucional más natural e inmediata. A partir de ahí, abordamos tres conjuntos de problemas que presenta el modelo de Alaska: la falta de una base económica sustancial, la falta de frenos a la acumulación de poder económico privado y la falta de mecanismos de control democrático sobre los procesos de extracción, imposición tributaria y distribución de los recursos naturales. Así, …

Duyguları Sergileme Kuralları Ve Bağlamsal Belirleyicileri: Türkiye’De Üniversite Öğrencileri Ile Yapılan Bir Araştırma (Emotional Display Rules And Their Contextual Determinants: An Investigation With University Students In Turkey), Hale Bolak Boratav, Diane Sunar, Bilge Ataca

Diane Sunar

Part of a larger cross-cultural study, the research reported here investigated emotional display rules in Turkey. 234 university students in Istanbul (151 female) completed The Display Rule Assessment Inventory (DRAI) (Matsumoto et al. 2008). The participants were asked what their response should be when experiencing each of 7 basic emotions (anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise) in either a private or public setting, with each of 20 targets (family members, friends or acquaintances, professors, etc.). The most fundamental finding was that display rules differ according to the emotion being experienced and the social context. Display of happiness had …

Entry Regulation And Business Start-Ups: Evidence From Mexico, David S. Kaplan, Eduardo Piedra, Enrique Seira

David S. Kaplan

We estimate the effect on business start-ups of a program that significantly speeds up firm registration procedures. The program was implemented in Mexico in different municipalities at different dates. Our estimates suggest that new start-ups increased by about 5% per month in eligible industries, and we present evidence supporting robustness and a causal effect interpretation. Most of the effect is temporary, concentrated in the first 15 months after implementation. The estimated effect is much smaller than World Bank and Mexican authorities claim it is, which suggests attention in business deregulation may be over emphasized.

Retroflex Harmony In Kalasha: Agreement Or Spreading?, Paul Arsenault, Alexei Kochetov

Alexei Kochetov

No abstract provided.

Coronal Place Contrasts In Argentine And Cuban Spanish: An Electropalatographic Study, Alexei Kochetov, Laura Colantoni

Alexei Kochetov

Theoretical and descriptive work on Spanish phonetics and phonology has been largely based on Peninsular varieties. This study uses electropalatography (EPG) to investigate articulatory characteristics of coronal consonant contrasts in Argentine and Cuban Spanish. Simultaneous EPG and acoustic data were collected from five speakers from Buenos Aires (Argentina) and three speakers from Havana (Cuba) reading sentences with various syllable-initial coronal consonants corresponding to the orthographic . As a control, the same data were collected from a single speaker of Peninsular Spanish from Madrid. As expected, the main distinction in both varieties was made between anterior and posterior coronal consonants ((denti-)alveolars …

Scales And Patterns Of Expressive Palatalization: Experimental Evidence From Japanese, Alexei Kochetov, John Alderete

Alexei Kochetov

This paper argues for the existence of expressive palatalization (E-Pal) – a phonologically unmotivated process that applies in sound symbolism, diminutive constructions, and babytalk registers. E-Pal is proposed to be grounded in iconic sound-meaning associations exploiting acoustic properties of palatalized consonants, and thus is inherently different from regular phonological palatalization (P-Pal). A cross-linguistic survey of patterns of E-Pal in 37 languages shows that it exhibits a set of properties different from P-Pal. As a case study, the paper focuses on patterns of palatalization in Japanese mimetic vocabulary and babytalk. Two experiments tested native speaker intuitions of these patterns and revealed …

The Prosecution And Confiscation Of The Proceeds Of Illicit Enrichment, Bryane Michael

Bryane Michael (bryane.michael@stcatz.ox.ac.uk)

These training slides show prosecutors and judges how to find and recover the proceeds of corruption (under Macedonian law as a practical example).

The Potential Of Iconography As A Method In The Development Of A New Garden Identity, Mina Kaboudarahangi, Osman Mohd Tahir, Mustafa Kamal M.S

Mina Kaboudarahangi

Garden design has been described as a category of fine arts and, it has a long time interrelationship with the art of painting. Gardens can be defined as works of art due to their artistic values. Therefore, like other artifacts, they can be studied and recognized by their specific icons. Numerous famous historical gardens in the world are recognized through their individual icons. However, newly developing gardens do not yet posses any icons that represent them. Nevertheless, these new gardens should be developed, recognized and identified through their particular icons, to exhibit their exclusive identities. Hence, this paper will discuss …

Preferred Iconography In Developing Garden Identity For Malaysia, Mina Kaboudarahangi

Mina Kaboudarahangi

Malaysia has always been proud of her unique natural environment and cultural heritages, but still is searching for an exclusive identity of its own gardens. There is a great potential for development of a garden identity for the country, based on her rich legacy in traditions, cultures and beliefs, through which she could identify herself. The nation has a complex population composed of Malay, Chinese and Indian races. Hence, the icon, form, quality and appearance that are going to be introduced for Malaysian gardens should be appreciated, valued and respected by the Malaysian publics with diverse culture and preferences. This …

Catholic-Jewish Declaration On Sacred Places And Religious Freedom, Lawrence E. Frizzell D.Phil.

Reverend Lawrence E. Frizzell, S.T.L., S.S.L., D.Phil.

Attacks on persons and sanctuaries in many countries continue to be all too frequent. Representatives of the Holy See and the International Jewish Committee for Interfaith Consultations (IJCIC) crafted a declaration, which should be presented again to educators because in places the younger generation in North America, Israel, Libya and elsewhere has not been guided to respect the inherent dignity of every human being and the nature of holy places.