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Articles 31 - 60 of 226
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Effect Of Sexblindness And Sexawareness On Workplace Related Gender Bias, Katie Nichol
The Effect Of Sexblindness And Sexawareness On Workplace Related Gender Bias, Katie Nichol
Theses and Dissertations
The present study was an adaptation of Richeson and Nussbaum's (2004) study of racism to gender bias. Two different gender ideologies were theoretically analyzed, then the influence of these ideologies on implicit and explicit forms of gender bias was examined. Psychology undergraduates were presented with a prompt promoting either a sexblind or sexaware approach to reducing gender bias. Participants then completed a measure of implicit (IAT Gender/Career) and explicit (MAWWWS) bias. Results suggested that, relative to the sexaware perspective, the sexblind perspective generated less implicit gender bias. There was no difference between ideological groups on the explicit measure. The findings …
Factors Related To Parental Approval Of Adult Childrens' Engagement Relationships, Marietta Malnar
Factors Related To Parental Approval Of Adult Childrens' Engagement Relationships, Marietta Malnar
Theses and Dissertations
This study examined possible factors that may influence parental approval for their adult child's engaged relationship. A total of 4,175 individuals completed the RELATE inventory. Among the items in the questionnaire were measures of parental approval, parents' marital quality, autonomy from family-of-origin, and relationship quality. Individuals also reported age, education, length of relationship, parents' marital status, and parents' socioeconomic status. Results from the linear regression analysis indicate that age, parental marital quality, autonomy from family-of-origin, and couple relationship quality all influence parental approval. What is interesting about these findings is the difference in the predictive power of males versus females. …
Childhood Maltreatment, Coping, And Coping Self-Efficacy Among Offenders, David Guion
Childhood Maltreatment, Coping, And Coping Self-Efficacy Among Offenders, David Guion
Theses and Dissertations
This study explored the relationship between childhood interpersonal trauma and coping self-efficacy, coping styles, and emotion regulation difficulties among male and female offenders in detention and diversion centers (N = 183). The coping-relapse model of recidivism posits that offenders’ coping ability plays a pivotal role in successful reentry (Zamble & Quinsey, 1997). Past research reveals that childhood maltreatment is associated with avoidant coping and emotion regulation difficulties, which could negatively impact reentry (e.g., Cloitre et al., 2009; Min, Farkas, Minnes, & Singer, 2007). The relationship between childhood maltreatment and coping self-efficacy has not been addressed. This study found that childhood …
The Impact Of Traumatic Symptoms On Intimacy Among Sexually Abused Women, Mediated By Shame, Stacy L. Hamilton
The Impact Of Traumatic Symptoms On Intimacy Among Sexually Abused Women, Mediated By Shame, Stacy L. Hamilton
Theses and Dissertations
Traumatic symptoms are common for survivors of childhood sexual abuse (CSA), and such symptoms are often compounded by the presence of shame. While much is known regarding the negative impact of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) on CSA survivors, less is known regarding the relationship between PTSD and shame and little to no research has investigated the impact of PTSD on intimacy mediated by shame for CSA survivors. The current study sought to fill this gap in the literature by exploring this phenomenon. Data was randomly collected from households in the following cities: Chicago, IL; New York City, NY; Salt Lake …
Coming To Terms With Family Of Origin Issues And Relationship Satisfaction For Native American Individuals In Committed Intimate Relationships, Krystal Cobell Dagley
Coming To Terms With Family Of Origin Issues And Relationship Satisfaction For Native American Individuals In Committed Intimate Relationships, Krystal Cobell Dagley
Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the relationships between childhood family of origin (FOO) adversities, coming to terms with them, and adult intimate relationship satisfaction for Native American individuals. The sample consisted of 186 Native American individuals in committed relationships who responded to the RELATionship Evaluation (RELATE). Among the items in the questionnaire were measures of childhood FOO adversity, whether respondents had come to terms with FOO problems, relationship quality and depression. Results from structural equation modeling indicated that coming to terms buffered the negative effects of childhood family of origin adversities on depression and relationship quality. Results suggest that coming to terms …
The Effects Of Daycare On Children's Socialization In The First Three Years Of School, Alison Pomykacz
The Effects Of Daycare On Children's Socialization In The First Three Years Of School, Alison Pomykacz
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role that daycare may play in a child's socialization during his/her first three years of school (K-2). In particular, this study focused on the time spent in daycare per week compared with various social and academic realms. Information was obtained through parent and teacher questionnaires. While there appeared to be a wide variation among the children's hours per week spent in class, when these numbers were compared to the teacher observations, there was no apparent significance.
Indirect Screening: Enhancing Identification Of Illicit Drug Use During Pregnancy, Courtney Smith
Indirect Screening: Enhancing Identification Of Illicit Drug Use During Pregnancy, Courtney Smith
Theses and Dissertations
OBJECTIVE: Most drug use screening measures rely on and are validated against self-report. Fear of negative consequences often promotes denial of drug use. For pregnant women, social stigma and fear of legal consequences make underreporting of drug use even more likely. An indirect screener that could effectively identify pregnant women at risk for illicit drug use without reliance on disclosure would be clinically significant. The purpose of the current study was to develop and validate an indirect measure of prenatal drug use by comparing correlates of prenatal drug use to urinalysis results. METHOD: Pregnant women attending an OB appointment at …
The Cost Effectiveness Of Individual And Family Therapy For Schizophrenia In Managed Care, Fufan Chiang
The Cost Effectiveness Of Individual And Family Therapy For Schizophrenia In Managed Care, Fufan Chiang
Theses and Dissertations
Much research has explored the cost effectiveness of psychotherapy for schizophrenia. However, to date, no studies have investigated the cost effectiveness of family and individual therapy for schizophrenia in the "real world" of managed care. The purpose of the present study is to compare the cost effectiveness of individual and family therapy for schizophrenia in one leading Health Care Insurer: CIGNA. Six years of outpatient data (2001–2006) and more than 2,100 unique schizophrenic outpatients are included. Research questions in this study concern the total treatment costs, the cost effectiveness, recidivism rates and the dropout rates of individual and family outpatient …
Evaluation Of A Community Mental Health Center’S Assessment Clinic: Development Of A Novel Assessment Evaluation Tool, Cassidy C. Arnold
Evaluation Of A Community Mental Health Center’S Assessment Clinic: Development Of A Novel Assessment Evaluation Tool, Cassidy C. Arnold
Theses and Dissertations
High quality assessment services are the linchpin connecting youth with mental health problems to diagnosis-specific, evidence-based treatments. The effort to improve assessment services is in its early days and faces a number of substantial challenges. This study was an initial effort to address these challenges through the development of a standardized, multi-dimensional Assessment Instrument evaluation tool—the Strength of Measure (SoM)—based on operationally defined criteria supported by decades of psychometric research. The SoM and other criteria addressing assessment practices were piloted with data from 32 consecutive assessment reports from a community mental health center’s Assessment Clinic. Results indicate that none of …
The Development Of The Common Factor Therapist Competence Scale For Youth Psychotherapy, Ruth Brown
The Development Of The Common Factor Therapist Competence Scale For Youth Psychotherapy, Ruth Brown
Theses and Dissertations
In order to continue to improve the effectiveness of psychotherapy, researchers must identify key change processes. Unfortunately, there are disparate views in the field about the relative importance and potency of specific techniques versus relationship factors. Few measures have been developed to examine the relative contribution of these factors, particularly for child-focused treatment. The Common-Factor Therapist Competence Scale for Youth Psychotherapy (COMP-CF) was developed to address this deficit. For this study, 142 video-taped sessions of child CBT for anxiety were observed and rated by independent coders using the COMP-CF. The measure demonstrated good reliability and internal consistency. Significant between-therapist and …
Birth Order And Its Effect On Depression In Adults, Sambul Zaidi
Birth Order And Its Effect On Depression In Adults, Sambul Zaidi
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to find the relationship between birth order and depression. It hypothesized that first-borns are more susceptible to depression than laterborns. Subjects were male and female undergraduate students from Rowan University. These students were over the age of 18 and were kept anonymous. The study collected data from fifteen participants by using a Birth Order survey which included questions about personality traits that pertain to a certain birth order position. Each subject was asked to indicate the exact birth order rank and if they have experienced depression or signs of depression. Results showed that differences …
Fans Don't Boo Nobodies: Image Repair Strategies Of High-Profile Baseball Players During The Steroid Era, Kevin R. Nielsen
Fans Don't Boo Nobodies: Image Repair Strategies Of High-Profile Baseball Players During The Steroid Era, Kevin R. Nielsen
Theses and Dissertations
Baseball's Steroid Era put many different high-profile athletes under pressure to explain steroid allegations that were made against them. This thesis used textual analysis of news reports and media portrayals of the athletes, along with analysis of their image repair strategies to combat those allegations, to determine how successful the athletes were in changing public opinion as evidenced through the media. The contexts, media reports, and strategies of Jason Giambi, Mark McGwire, Andy Pettitte, and Roger Clemens were analyzed and revealed important implications involving effective use of image repair strategies. They provided a deeper framework for the success of mortification …
An Evaluation Of The Writing Abilities Of Entry-Level Public Relations Practitioners And The Industry Demand To Effectively Write For New Media, Diana Gervasi
Theses and Dissertations
The purposes of this exploratory investigation were to (a) evaluate the current writing abilities of entry-level public relations practitioners (b) determine the industry's demand to effectively write for new media and (c) identify educator's perceptions of entry-level public relations practitioners' writing abilities and current curriculum changes as well as future industry projections. The researcher conducted Web-based surveys of management level public relations practitioners who were all members of PRSA and telephone interviews with educators in college and university public relations programs across the country. The data collected from Web-based surveys showed a slight improvement in the perception of entry-level practitioners' …
Identity And Psychological Needs Among National Guard Service Members And Undergraduates, Bradley Antonides
Identity And Psychological Needs Among National Guard Service Members And Undergraduates, Bradley Antonides
Theses and Dissertations
This study measured identity style and identity status within military and academic populations (N = 286) to investigate whether low levels of identity commitment predict dissatisfaction in meeting basic psychological needs. Analysis of identity style and identity status subscales examined the reliability of traditional measures of identity in an atypical emerging adult population. Group comparisons based on participant characteristics (identity commitment, work experience, age, combat experience) explored differences between and within institutions. Results supported the reliability of traditional identity measures in a non-traditional population. A diffuse identity status and diffuse identity style both significantly predicted lower reported levels of psychological …
The Loss Of Neighborhood Secondary Schools: How The Distance A Student Lives From Their School Can Affect Their Academic Achievement, Gillian Armstrong
The Loss Of Neighborhood Secondary Schools: How The Distance A Student Lives From Their School Can Affect Their Academic Achievement, Gillian Armstrong
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to examine whether the distance a student lives from their school influences their academic achievement. In detail, this study has correlated the distance in miles a student lives from his or her school with their grade point average at the end of their freshman and junior years. Data has been collected from 100 participants at two private high schools in southern New Jersey, Our Lady of Mercy Academy and Saint Augustine College Prepatory School. Both schools are grades ninth through twelfth. Both schools are Catholic schools but you do not have to be Catholic …
The Effect Of Media Bias On Legislation: A Case Study Of Arizona's Senate Bill 1070 On Immigration, Rachael Burgess
The Effect Of Media Bias On Legislation: A Case Study Of Arizona's Senate Bill 1070 On Immigration, Rachael Burgess
Theses and Dissertations
In order to understand the relationship between government, media and public opinion in the case of Arizona Senate Bill 1070, Arizona's bill to combat illegal immigration. The purpose of this study was to (a) examine whether the media coverage of Arizona Senate Bill 1070 initiated government action and (b) examine whether the media coverage presented emotional or legal arguments supporting or not supporting the bill. Examining tone, use of emotional and legal arguments, subjectivity and objectivity in two national newspapers and interviewing four communications directors for the state of Arizona, the study showed the existence of media bias and subjectivity, …
The Relationship Between Male Partner's Pornography Use And Couples' Attachment, Andrew P. Brown
The Relationship Between Male Partner's Pornography Use And Couples' Attachment, Andrew P. Brown
Theses and Dissertations
Adult attachment theory continues to play an important role in explaining pathology within couples. Pornography is becoming more and more pervasive since the inception of the internet. This study looked at the relationship between insecure attachment, accessibility, responsiveness, and engagement with frequency of male pornography use. Little is known about pornography use and its impact on couple dynamics. This study specifically looked at pornography use predicting insecure attachment within couples. The sample was taken from the RELATionship Evaluation (RELATE) and consisted of 189 couples. Male pornography use was found to be a predictor of insecure attachment …
Thinspiration: New Media's Influence On Girls With Eating Disorders, Victoria Stonebridge
Thinspiration: New Media's Influence On Girls With Eating Disorders, Victoria Stonebridge
Theses and Dissertations
The use of thinspiration and social networking by girls with eating disorders on social media websites and through user-generated content aids the disease in general. The purpose of this research exploration is to find out how influential these specific forms of new media are on girls with eating disorders. A content analysis will serve as the primary quantitative measure for this study. A survey, via SurveyMonkey.com, will be used to find what kind of impact new media has on girls with eating disorders. The researcher will also conduct a personal interview with an expert in the field of psychology and …
Increasing Students Self-Esteem Through The Implementation Of The Bucket Filler Lesson Plans, Jenna Norton
Increasing Students Self-Esteem Through The Implementation Of The Bucket Filler Lesson Plans, Jenna Norton
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine the ways in which positive psychology can impact the educational system. Twenty-three second grade students enrolled in Berlin Community School, located in Berlin New Jersey participated in this study. All students were enrolled in a regular education classroom and assumed to be learning at the appropriate age group level. The Piers-Harris 2 Self-Concept Scale was used to measure student's self-esteem as a pre-test and a post-test assessment. The experimental group received the implementation of the Bucket Filler Lesson plans in hopes that their self-esteem would improve upon completion of the lessons. The …
Public Relations And Marketing Techniques Used By Assisted Living Communities To Attract And Retain Residents, Brianne Rabouin
Public Relations And Marketing Techniques Used By Assisted Living Communities To Attract And Retain Residents, Brianne Rabouin
Theses and Dissertations
The purposes of this study were to determine the public relations and marketing techniques used by assisted living facilities (ALFs) to attract and retain senior residents, investigate the perception of effectiveness in PR and marketing practices among assisted living administrators and identify the role of community relations within ALFs. Consistent with previous research, interviews and surveys with assisted living professionals reveal communities operate using traditional techniques and channels including, but not limited to, newspaper ads, facility tours, community events, word-of-mouth promotion, direct-mail marketing/materials, newsletters, facility websites and professional referral development. Respondents report minimal use of new media, yet maintain an …
Redefining The Agency Model: The Benefits Of An Imc Approach, Rebecca Gatto
Redefining The Agency Model: The Benefits Of An Imc Approach, Rebecca Gatto
Theses and Dissertations
This study will seek to find out if full-service agencies are more effective than agencies that focus on only one marketing component or separate components. While some companies and agencies have fully embraced integrated marketing communications (IMC), others think the cons outweigh the pros. Many companies do not think the process of getting the individual functional groups to work together is worth the effort. The researcher conducted in-depth interviews with one full service agency, one advertising agency and one public relations agency to gain insight into the perceptions and effectiveness of IMC. A content analysis of the company websites of …
Men In Public Relations: Saving An Endangered Species, Nancy Long
Men In Public Relations: Saving An Endangered Species, Nancy Long
Theses and Dissertations
It has been 25 years since the publication of The Velvet Ghetto, the seminal work on gender in public relations. Looking ahead, the study forecast a field that was "ghettoized" as the workforce became increasingly female. Has that been the case? Since the mid-eighties, women have solidified their hold at nearly all levels in the public relations industry. While the advancement of women is to be applauded, is this imbalance a good thing? The industry, to date, has ignored this trend. What strategies should be employed to make the field more diverse and balanced from a gender perspective? Now that …
Ngo Outreach To Priority Refugee Population Demographics In Cairo, Joelle Petrus
Ngo Outreach To Priority Refugee Population Demographics In Cairo, Joelle Petrus
Theses and Dissertations
Cairo is considered to have among the highest populations of refugees in an urban setting in the world. This urban setting presents a unique set of challenges particularly when delivering services and programs to a population with heightened vulnerability who are not easy to locate within the greater population of Cairo. In this context it is of great utility to strengthen outreach programs whose aim is to strengthen the connection between service receiver (refugees) and the service provider (the organization.) Another challenge to delivering services and programs to refugees is the greater diversity or heterogeneity of the population itself. However, …
The Influence Of Layout And Design On Purchasing Behavior: Examining Print Advertisements For Sneakers, Nancy Reighn-Garron
The Influence Of Layout And Design On Purchasing Behavior: Examining Print Advertisements For Sneakers, Nancy Reighn-Garron
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this exploratory investigation is to ascertain the influence layout and design of print advertisements has on consumers and how this influence affects purchasing behavior. This research further examines the difference in design preferences between men and women. Information acquired assists in the understanding of relationships between advertisers, marketing representatives and public relations practitioners and a targeted audience. The research findings support that men and women process advertising differently, that consumers are influenced by visual cues and provides information that is beneficial to better serve and persuade audiences to achieve successful product promotion.
Therapist Utilization Of Evidence-Based Treatment Monitoring, Jason Scott Southwick
Therapist Utilization Of Evidence-Based Treatment Monitoring, Jason Scott Southwick
Theses and Dissertations
The early identification of non-responding psychotherapy clients and reducing their treatment failure rates are the principal functions of Clinical Support Tools (CST). Nearly two decades of patient-focused research have produced several "evidence-based treatment monitoring" (EBTM) practices, that measure individual patients' responses to theory-guided treatments and alert therapists of clients who are at risk of eventual treatment failure. Clinical Support Tools are a quality management program that bundle several EBTM practices, and have been shown to improve outcomes in failing clients (Shimokawa, Lambert & Smart, 2010). Appropriately, EBTM has generated significant interest as it expands notions of what constitutes evidence-based practice …
The Role Of Public Relations Strategies And Tactics In Building Symmetric Donor Relationships, Justine Spack
The Role Of Public Relations Strategies And Tactics In Building Symmetric Donor Relationships, Justine Spack
Theses and Dissertations
This study researched relationships between nonprofit organizations and their donors. The researcher looked into the different public relations strategies and tactics that nonprofits use to build and maintain relationships with their donors, and then examined the effectiveness of those strategies and tactics. The study required a content analysis of nonprofit websites to determine the strategies and tactics that nonprofit organizations use to build relationships with their donors. It also included a focus panel of nonprofit donors who discussed which strategies and tactics donors need to establish and maintain and mutually beneficial relationship with a nonprofit organization and which strategies and …
Social Media, Fan Relations And The Music Industry: A Coalition Of Unsigned Artists And Record Labels, Heather Aponte
Social Media, Fan Relations And The Music Industry: A Coalition Of Unsigned Artists And Record Labels, Heather Aponte
Theses and Dissertations
The purposes of this investigation were to (a) provide the music industry with the research it seems to lack in order to understand (b) how social media will change its field and (c) how it can utilize it. To provide the knowledge necessary to adapt to the shift in musical power, the author will conduct both qualitative and quantitative research. This research includes a preliminary content analysis of comment tone on social media profiles and in-depth interviews. The researcher aims to further the understanding of social media networks and the independent musicians who use them. This will provide the music …
Mixed Messages: Assessing Communication In Architectural Education And Practice, Amanda Weko
Mixed Messages: Assessing Communication In Architectural Education And Practice, Amanda Weko
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to explore perceptions of communication in both the academic and professional architecture communities. The author addressed (a) whether profession-specific communication skills are part of any National Architectural Accrediting Board-accredited U.S. undergraduate architecture program; (b) how architectural educators feel about communication studies; and (c) how registered architects feel about communication skills in their practice. Research findings pointed to a dichotomy in academic and professional perceptions of the importance of communication training in undergraduate architecture education. While only 13.8 percent of academic programs require communication coursework directly related to architectural practice, 94 percent of architects surveyed …
The Interpersonal Process And Predictors Of Consent In Tissue Donation Requests, Lindsey Dorflinger
The Interpersonal Process And Predictors Of Consent In Tissue Donation Requests, Lindsey Dorflinger
Theses and Dissertations
The present study examined the interpersonal process during tissue donation requests and evaluated demographic and interpersonal/behavioral predictors of consent or refusal to donate. One hundred and two audiorecordings of tissue donation requests were evaluated using several different observer measures of interpersonal behavior and decision making. Results showed that tissue requesters (TRs) and next-of-kin (NOKs) tended to match one another’s level of affiliation, and complemented one another on interpersonal dominance. TRs infrequently used negative or disapproving statements during the request, but when they did NOKs were less friendly, more disapproving, and more likely to express concern. Overall there were few differences …
School Resource Officer Programs: Implementation's Effect On Student Perceptions Of Safety, Stephen Clipper
School Resource Officer Programs: Implementation's Effect On Student Perceptions Of Safety, Stephen Clipper
Theses and Dissertations
School Resource Officer (SRO) Programs are a widely implemented community policing initiative in schools. The limited research on SRO Programs suggests that there are implementation differences between programs. This study explores the effect that implementation style has on program effectiveness as measured by student perceptions of safety as well as student reporting behaviors. This study found mixed results. Direct analyses revealed students who attend schools with community-oriented SRO programs feel slightly safer. Multi-level modeling was utilized to determine the effects that individual and school level variables have on perceptions of safety and on the ability of SRO programs to affect …