Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Covid-19 Crisis And Intergenerational Relations : The Case Of Hong Kong Families With Older Parents Ageing In The Greater Bay Area In Mainland China, Bowen Zhou

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (MPhil & PhD)

The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has been developed by the Chinese central government since 2016. Driven by the development of the Greater Bay Area, the well-developed transportation has further provided chances for Hong Kong older people to reside in the mainland GBA cities. The relevant Hong Kong government departments have made a comparison showing that the number of Hong Kong older people (aged 65 and above) who are ageing in the Greater Bay Area of mainland China has increased to around 90,200 in 2019, a 33% increase from 2013. Given the most updated situation, these Hong Kong families with …

Comparison Of Transportation Accessibility Policy Among Elderly In Hong Kong And Singapore, Hui Zheng

SOC 605 Comparative Social Policy Research Project - Student Works

With the coming of the aged society, the right of the elderly to participate in social life has been paid more and more attention, and the aging population urgently needs to promote the construction of traffic accessible environment with the travel needs of the elderly as the core. Through the document analysis method of qualitative research, this study chose to make a comparative analysis of the transport accessibility policies of the elderly in Singapore and Hong Kong, aiming to provide policy recommendations for government departments to accelerate the construction of a convenient transport environment for the elderly and support their …

Cross-Watershed Horizontal Ecological Compensation System : Comparative Examples From China And Germany, Yanyao Yang

SOC 605 Comparative Social Policy Research Project - Student Works

In recent years, horizontal ecological compensation in the Yangtze River basin is a new policy for protecting the ecology. But it still has shortcomings in policy implementation. In contrast, Germany, which reached an ecological compensation agreement with the Czech Republic on the Elbe River as early as the 1990s, is a worthy reference object for China. Therefore, this study systematically reviews the literature on horizontal ecological compensation in China and abroad. It finds that the relevant literature on ecological compensation policies lacks composite research using research methods that combine qualitative and quantitative analysis. So, this study uses social network analysis …

Challenges And Responses : The Impact Of Classification Methods Of Policies On First-Generation College Students In China And The Us, Ken Cheng

SOC 605 Comparative Social Policy Research Project - Student Works

In China and the United States, with the expansion of higher education, more and more people have become the first-generation of college students in their families. However, while gaining opportunities for social upward mobility, they also face many challenges, and the formation of these challenges is related to their multiple identities. In China, these challenges are more related to regional development differences, while in the United States, they are more impacted by identities such as immigrants and ethnic minorities. At the same time, the governments, universities, and society of both countries have introduced various policies to support first-generation college students, …

Comparative Study Of Barrier-Free City Construction In Shenzhen And Hong Kong, Fengyi Li

SOC 605 Comparative Social Policy Research Project - Student Works

The purpose of this research is to compare the barrier-free construction situation in Hong Kong and Shenzhen, and to compare them in terms of hardware facilities, publicity concepts, financial investment, etc. Qualitative analysis was used, interviews were conducted with people with disabilities, and the data results were analyzed to draw the direction of the future development of barrier-free facilities in the two places.

Does Non-Financial Information Disclosure Promote Firm's Exports? Evidence From China's Mandatory Csr Reporting Regulation, Xin Chen

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (MPhil & PhD)

Although prior literature provides evidence on information technology's role in international trade, whether and how a firm's non-financial information disclosure affects export is underexplored. Using China's mandatory Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure as a quasi-natural experiment, we find that firms binding to the requirement significantly boost exports compared to their nonreporting peers. To understand the economic mechanisms, we propose that the positive impacts could be exposited through two channels: (1) information transparency and (2) financial constraint. The economic mechanism tests provide suggestive evidence that the effects are more substantial when firms are inferior in information transparency and financial constraint before …

香港居家安老面對的挑戰 : 服務提供者及使用者之經驗, Chak Kwan, Dickon Chan, Meng Soi, Florence Fong, Mun Yu, Vera Tang, Lai Ieng Jay Lau, Kui Wai Gordon Chick, Sheung Wan, Wanda Wong, Kong Lung Yeung

APIAS Research Report 研究報告

隨著人口老化，居家安老成為香港社會重大的挑戰。政府多年來提倡「居家安老為本，院舍照顧為後援」的政策方針，透過加強社區照顧服務，以減少院舍入住率。然而，政策需要由家居環境、以至社區支援互相配合，創造可供市民居家安老的先天條件方能成事。本研究旨在探討香港推行居家安老時所面對的困難與挑戰。研究團隊訪問了30名60歲或以上、曾經或正在使用長者服務的使用者和19名從事長者社區照顧及支援服務行業的服務提供者，從不同的角度探討長者居家安老的狀況和社區照顧及支援服務的成效。

研究團隊綜合了長者居家安老的狀況，提出了幾方面的改進建議。在家居環境和社區設施方面，建議 (1) 政府應主動協助長者改善「居住環境」和安裝「緊急呼叫系統」，並(2) 建設合適長者的公共交通工具和道路設施和交通配套。在醫療層面方面，建議 (3) 資助有緊急需要的長者使用私營醫療服務、(4) 擴展醫療券計劃至購買坊間藥物和 (5) 改善普通科門診醫療預約系統和公開長者預約專籌的數量及其使用狀況。在長者社區照顧及支援服務方面，建議 (6) 檢視社區照顧服務券的宣傳和使用狀況、(7) 對長者家庭進行家訪，及早識別有需要個案和 (8) 檢視未來各區長者比例，規劃長者設施服務。

研究團隊分析了社福機構人員在提供長者服務過程中所遇到的困難後，提出了四方面的建議，分別爲 (1) 改進安老服務人員資歷架構和服務外包、(2) 簡化並加強服務資訊的宣傳、(3) 優化一站式服務平台及個案管理和 (4) 制訂長遠的安老政策方向。

照顧者實用資訊手冊, 嶺南大學亞太老年學研究中心 Asia-Pacific Institute Of Ageing Studies, Lingnan University, Meng Soi, Florence Fong, Chak Kwan, Dickson Chan, Kin Chung Cheung, Lai Ieng Jay Lau, Sin Yui Sharon Chan, Kin Ho William Li, Ka Ho, Alan Li

Manual & Guide 手冊及指引

手冊源起

香港面對人口高齡化，醫療和福利系統無可避免面臨持續的挑戰。照顧者因壓力問題而引發的家庭悲劇時有發生，反映照顧者自身亦極需要社會的重視和支援。

現時照顧者人數眾多，當中不乏配偶、父母、子女、女婿、媳婦，對長者照顧及社會無酬的付出，確實值得社會的認同和肯定。然而，儘管本港為長者及照顧者提供不少支援服務，由於不同的原因，照顧者似乎未有善用現有的服務，常常需要一力承擔所有照顧的責任，這無疑增加了他們的壓力。

照顧者需求多樣性

照顧者有不同種類，所需要的服務或支援亦有所不同。例如：「新手照顧者」剛開始接觸照顧工作，需要盡快提升日常護理和相關的疾病知識，以及獲得合適的離院/復康服務支援。「隱蔽照顧者」一直承擔照顧工作但沒有接受任何支援，因此，他們需要的是服務提供者/鄰里的主動接觸，並被轉介合適的照顧服務，以分擔他們部分照顧工作。「高危照顧者」幾乎長時間被照顧的工作佔據了其生活，他們需要的是喘息空間和暫託服務，甚至可能是情緒支援。即使「資深的照顧者」也可能需要喘息或暫託的支援服務去減輕壓力；而結束了照顧工作的「畢業照顧者」，無論是情緒的支援，還是重新規劃財務與就業的安排，都有非常實際的需求。基於照顧者的不同需要，照顧者的支援和服務也是多樣化，如何讓不同種類的照顧者能夠輕易了解現有的社區支援服務、可考慮甚麼因素選取相關服務、如何獲取所需的支援包括申領經濟支援或預早準備長期護理開支、如何自強增值等，都是這本手冊希望解答的問題。

手冊的目的

編製這本手冊的目的就是要減少照顧者四處尋找資訊的麻煩，提供一個整全且易於瀏覽的資訊來源。本手冊主要有兩大目標：其一，幫助照顧者認識不同的服務和資源，積極尋求援助；其二是一站式提供豐富的資訊服務，提升照顧者的能力和平衡身心健康。

手冊的意義

此手冊的社會意義是期望提高大眾對照顧者需要的關注，並引導更多的行動以支援照顧者。如果您的親友是照顧者，又或您認識的朋友甚至鄰居正面對照顧家人的困難，您可以主動伸出援手，又或利用這本手冊作為啟示，向他們介紹相關的服務。

另外，這本手冊可以視作為支援照顧者的工具，讓照顧者明白在承擔照顧家人的重任時並不需要孤軍奮戰，也可以善用社區提供的各種資源和服務。

手冊架構

本手冊由四個主要部分組成，每部分都專注於特定的主題，旨在提供照顧者的全方位支援和資訊，幫助他們在面對挑戰時能夠有所依賴，並從中獲得力量：

第一部分主要提供基礎知識，其中包括不同種類的照顧者的介紹、四種長者常見疾病（包括認知障礙、中風、老年抑鬱和癌症）的病徵說明、以及照顧者可能面臨的壓力與「喘息服務」的重要性。第二部分專注介紹長者常用的社區及健康服務。我們按照地區將服務機構進行了分類，羅列「認知障礙、中風、老年抑鬱、癌症」常用的服務機構，此外，我們還提供家居安全、樂齡科技租賃服務，以及財務支援等相關建議。第三部分將焦點重新放回照顧者身上，提供了支援照顧者的社福機構介紹、照顧者同路人的心得分享，以及照顧者的培訓資訊，旨在幫助照顧者在面對困難時能自強不息。最後，在本手冊的結尾部分，我們特別邀請了四位專家學者就照顧者政策提出見解和建議，為加強照顧者支援服務提供新思路。

如果按持份者來分類，手冊的四個部分的重點如下：

第一部分：照顧者的基礎知識

◎ 針對預備照顧者、新手以及隱蔽照顧者，讓他們了解照顧者的角色和需要；照顧體弱長者的基礎知識，並提供應對壓力的建議，包括自我照顧和喘息服務等。

第二部分：照顧者支援

◎ 針對所有護老者，提供長者常用的社區服務、健康服務和支援計劃，包括暫託、住宿、護送及陪診、善別支援、情緒支援、復康用品津貼及租賃的支援計劃，以及財務策劃師提供的理財貼士。

第三部分：照顧者自強

◎ 針對照顧者，資訊包括不同的照顧者支援組織、同路人和畢業照顧者的經驗心得、培訓課程，以及實用的電子資訊平台推介。

第四部分：對照顧者支援政策的看法和展望

◎ 針對服務提供者、政策倡議者及制定者，提供專家學者對照顧者服務及政策的未來發展方向的看法和建議，以期引發更多關於「如何為照顧者提供更好支持」的討論。

給讀者的使用指引

本手冊內容十分豐富，讀者可以先瀏覽目錄，選擇與您相關的部分進行細讀。對於新手照顧者或剛接觸/關注護老服務的人士(例如：學生、社區人士)，我們建議您可以參考手冊第24-33頁「給照顧者的智慧錦囊」的個案，了解不同照顧者可能面對的情境，這可能會給您一點概念，讓您可以考慮尋求哪些支援服務，又或您身邊照顧者朋友有哪些需要，以及如何協助他們獲取所需要的支援。我們深知閱讀本手冊時，您可能會遇到一些不明白的地方，請不必感到困惑。您可以嘗試找身邊的朋友、鄰居或社會服務機構的工作人員一起閱讀，或者向本中心的職員進行查詢。

此外，為方便讀者可以隨時隨地閱讀而不需要攜帶整本手冊，我們為本手冊設立了一個專屬網頁，免費下載整本手冊或某些章節內容。

希望您在閱讀的過程中能找到有用的資訊，並能從中獲得實際的幫助。

A Socio-Ecological Barrier To Regular Migration, Regularization And Healthcare Access For Myanmar Irregular Migrant Workers In Thailand, Tual Sawn Khai

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (MPhil & PhD)

The Myanmar people have been migrating to Thailand since the 1980s through regular or irregular channels for better livelihood opportunities. Over the past decade, they have significantly contributed to the economic development of both sending and receiving states. Thailand and Myanmar signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to facilitate labour migration in 2003. The agreement aims to ensure that migrant workers have access to regular employment channels in Thailand and improve their employment rights. Under a bilateral agreement, migrant workers employed under the MOU can stay in Thailand for four years. However, they must apply for visa renewals every two …

Perceived Similarity And Relationship Satisfaction : The Role Of Attributional Confidence, Ting Hin Lee

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (MPhil & PhD)

Although perceived similarity has been found to foster relationship satisfaction, scarce studies have focused on how perceived similarity by oneself and by the partner are linked to relationship satisfaction. The purpose of Study 1 was to investigate the effect of perceived similarity on relationship satisfaction and the mediating role of attributional confidence in this association. Study 2 aimed to examine the effects of one’s own and the partner’s perceived similarity on relationship satisfaction, in addition to the mediating roles of one’s own and the partner’s attributional confidence in these associations. In Study 1, a total of 395 individuals (51.4% female) …

An Investigation Of Africans And Hongkongers Relationship : A Social Psychological Approach, Raymond Agyenim-Boateng

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (MPhil & PhD)

When members of different social groups come into contact, interactions and intergroup attitudes are not always reciprocal between the groups. Within social psychology, intergroup relations research has long been a topic of interest. Yet, such research has mostly been conducted in Western cultural settings. There is scant research from an East Asian cultural context, where intercultural encounters have been on the rise. Existing psychological literature has put much attention on the experiences of migrants and minorities, while the views of the host majority members would often be neglected. This thesis addresses this lacuna by using social psychological theories and research …

Dissertation On Applied Micro-Economics, Wei Liu

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (MPhil & PhD)

My PhD thesis is composed of two chapters. The first chapter evaluates the effectiveness of China’s anti-corruption campaign in 2012 by conducting a difference-in-difference analysis of product-city-level cigarette consumption data from 2007 to 2014. The analysis found that following the campaign, there was an increase in sales of middle-end cigarettes and a decrease in sales of luxury cigarettes, which contrasts with the trend for lower-end cigarettes. This substitution pattern may be attributed to a decrease in public spending on luxury goods, and the patter is also influenced by officials’ wages. Additionally, our findings suggest that provinces with more intense anti-corruption …

Beyond Economics And Politics : A Sociological Review Of Local Long-Term Care Service Provision In China, Zhen Tian

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (MPhil & PhD)

The socio-demographic transition presents a significant challenge that impacts the renewal of welfare arrangements and the reallocation of welfare responsibilities across sectors. Long-term care (LTC) services have emerged as a widely accepted strategy to promote the active daily living and human dignity of senior citizens. This study aims to assess the effective policy strategies employed in various Chinese contexts to address significant LTC policy concerns and synthesise lessons that can guide future policy decisions. The study addresses three questions to explore local variations in China's LTC service provision: (1) What differences exist in the long-term care services provision? (2) How …

Experiences Of First-Generation Students In A Large Public University In Ghana : A Phenomenological Study, Jacob Oppong Nkansah

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (Doctoral degree)

In this study, first-generation students (FGS) experiences in the higher education system of Ghana were explored. Only a few studies in Africa, notably Ghana, have focused on the concept of FGS. FGS are conceptualized as learners whose parents didn’t complete or attend university and are the first in their nuclear families to seek for higher education. This research looked into FGS experiences at the University of Education Winneba, which is a large public university viewed as a haven for FGS in Ghana because of its mandate to train teachers for immediate employment. The study explored FGS motivations for pursuing higher …

From Academic Burden Reduction To Quality Education : A Case Study Of Students' And Parents' Perceptions And Experiences Under The Double-Reduction Policy In China, Tao Xu

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (Doctoral degree)

Research confirms the debilitating effect of academic stress on Chinese students. Excessive academic stress not only causes physical and mental problems for students but also affects the overall development of their abilities and literacy. This form of stress also exacerbates social problems, such as increased educational involution and deteriorating parent–child relationships. Therefore, the Chinese government has introduced the Double-Reduction Policy in 2021 to reduce the academic burden and out-of-school trainings for students in compulsory education. This study aims to explore high school students’ perceptions and experiences related to this policy and provide implications for its improvement. To this end, this …

Two Essays On Pollution, Trade And Industries In China, Jie Bai

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (MPhil & PhD)

The relationship between environment and human economic activities is intricately intertwined. This thesis delves into the investigation of the causal effect of pollution on exports and, in turn, examines the impacts of industrial intelligence on the environment. It is organized into two chapters. The first chapter of the thesis studies whether and how air pollution affects firms’ exports based on Chinese data (2000-2007). The literature on the correlation between trade and environment is vast, but studies almost exclusively focus on the causal effects of trade on environment. This study examines the reverse effects. In the analysis, we use PM2.5 concentrations …

「社交媒體、視訊會議平台和樂齡產品在長者院舍的應用情況」研究簡報, Chak Kwan, Dickon Chan, Sheung Wan, Wanda Wong, Meng Soi, Florence Fong, Le Gao

APIAS Research Report 研究報告

香港的老年人口增長迅速，從1988年至2018年間，老年人口由46萬增加到127萬（政府經濟顧問辦公室, 2019）。隨著人口老化，長期護理服務需求也相對增加。資助安老院舍的平均等待時間長達20個月（香港政府, 2021）。在2017至2018年間，有40,000人在輪候資助安老院舍，其中6,600人在等候期間去世（香港政府, 2018）。安老服務業一直面臨人力短缺的問題，2017年的相關職位空缺率為15-20%（香港政府, 2017）。2013年的研究統計發現超過一半的安老服務前線員工超過50歲（勞工及福利局, 2019）。隨著退休潮的來臨，人力短缺的問題會進一步加劇。因此，科技與安老服務的結合被視爲減輕人手壓力的方向。結合科技和院舍服務不僅可以減輕工作量，還能提高服務質量和效率。社交媒體和視訊會議平台可以減少在訊息傳遞上的時間和人力成本。樂齡科技產品，諸如可穿戴設備和遠程監控傳感器，可以讓護理人員更快捷和系統化地掌握服務對象的狀態，從而減少親自監測的次數（Chen, 2020）。因此，自2017年起，香港政府與各部門積極推廣樂齡科技，並於2018年設立樂齡及康復創科應用基金，幫助合資格的安老及康復服務單位購置、租借和試用科技產品。香港政府於2022年更將此計劃擴展至其他非資助的私營或自負盈虧的安老院舍及殘疾人士院舍。在過去三年的新冠疫情影響下，大部分安老院舍因為防疫工作量的增加而面臨更嚴重的人手短缺，不少院舍開始將科技融入服務，以應對疫情衍生的需求和改善現有服務質素。然而，香港院舍對於如何應用社交媒體、會議平台和樂齡科技產品的研究甚少。在此背景下，本研究旨在瞭解院舍應用相關科技的情況，並提供應對有關障礙的政策建議。

Examining The Roles Of Family And School Social Capital On Academic Achievements Of Sixth-Grade Students Between Migrant Private Schools And Public Schools In Bao'an District, Shenzhen City, Sudan Wu

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (Doctoral degree)

Background: During the rapid development in Shenzhen, it has drawn millions of workers from all over the country accompanied with their family. And Bao’an District as the biggest district in Shenzhen, it has 4.49 million of population, including 0.89 million local hukou residents. Due to the hukou system, 177,682 students enrolled in public schools while 189,287 in migrant private schools. School facilities and teacher quality varied from public schools and migrant private schools lead to widening gaps of the academic achievements between students in migrant private schools and public schools. The equity for migrant children becomes a topical issue in …

A Qualitative Study Of Approaches To Implementing Basic Education Internationalization In Shenzhen, Xue Cao

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (Doctoral degree)

The Chinese government’s Education Modernization 2035 plan puts forward goals for China to achieve education modernization and become an education powerhouse by 2035. As a cornerstone of education development, basic education internationalization is an essential part of the country’s educational reforms. In 2019, the Outline for the Development of the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area explicitly called for building an internationalization education demonstration zone. However, in one of the cities in the Greater Bay Area, Shenzhen, the implementation of basic education internationalization has not been completely successful. The problem facing Shenzhen is that the traditional approach to internationalization, which is …

Exploring Happiness : The Life Course Study Of Older Shanghainese Women In Shanghai And Hong Kong, Archibald Malcolm Wang

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (Doctoral degree)

The main concern of this study is to investigate the effect of life course experience on the level of happiness among older women. To assess various independent variables of happiness. The paper analyzed the heterogeneous effect of older people's happiness through the SIT and SET theories from the Life Course Model. The importance of life course narration also concerns their backgrounds and personal experiences. Regarding the applied method, this research elected comparative studies and narrative analysis for fieldwork. The author collected primary data to assess the effects of happiness by two surveys, including 1000 women, to test the tandem studies …

最低工資有幾低? 貧窮新一代的就業困境報告, 嶺南大學政策研究院, 嶺南大學文化研究及發展中心, 嶺南大學「青年貧窮與就業」研究團隊, Man Kit Chui, Haocheng Yang, Nga Man Wong, Peier Chen, Xinmiao Song, Shi Chi Leung, Ngai Pun

CCRD Research Report

為了解香港青年對就業、貧窮、體面生活、相關政策的看法，以及他們收入和支出的情況，嶺南大學政策研究院、文化研究及發展中心聯合進行一項題為《最低工資有幾低？貧窮新一代的就業困境報告》的調查。結果發現，四成接受深度訪談的青年自認貧窮，而絕大部分已有全職工作的受訪青年認為，最低工資調整幅度太低，自己未能受惠。

嶺大研究團隊從2022年5月至12月，先後透過兩輪深度訪談，訪問了67位18至29歲、收入低於2萬元、有工作經驗的青年。另外，團隊亦透過兩輪問卷調查，分別收集到164份及253份有效回覆。

調查結果發現，絕大部分年輕人覺得自己的工資太低，待遇與工作不相稱。受訪青年的收入來源包括全職工作、兼職工作。深度訪談年輕人的收入中位數為15,200元，而問卷調查的收入中位數結果則是6,000至9,999元。一方面，大部分有全職工作的青年認為自己工時長、部分行業長期低薪，比不上任職其他行業的同輩，而覺得不滿。壓力同時來自高昂的生活成本和遙不可及的人生目標，包括置業。

大約四成接受第二輪深度訪談的青年自認是貧窮，他們對於貧窮有多元化的理解。有青年認為三餐不繼才算得上貧窮，有些人覺得人工未達到港人月入中位數就算是貧窮，亦有人認很多目標未能達成，導致「精神貧窮」。其餘自覺不貧窮的青年部分歸因於家庭支援，可以滿足基本需求以外的消費，例如購物和旅遊。

絕大部分已有全職工作的受訪青年覺得最低工資調整幅度太低，自己未能受惠。無論認為自己屬於中產或基層的受訪者，均有共識，認為即使法定最低工資水平提升至40元依然是太低，與市場脫節，調整幅度不合理。不少人往往將最低工資時薪和「一餐飯」的開支掛鉤，認為最低工資水平要吃得起「一餐飯」才合理。受訪者認為最低工資如有合理升幅及政策檢討，對基層家庭及兼職工作者有很大幫助。

問卷調查結果推算，受訪青年要滿足現時的生活開支水平，時薪應該要達到71.6元。問卷調查的結果顯示青年的個人月均生活支出為16,789元，扣除教育開支，平均每月支出約14,894元，按一個月工作26日，每日8小時計算出時薪水平為71.6元，與目前最低工資水平相距很遠。

研究團隊建議，政府應從多方面著手解決此迫切的社會問題。首先，當局應檢討最低工資政策的定位，使它與其他扶貧政策互相配合，以保障不同需要的群體；第二，當局應透明化最低工資的調整過程，改為「一年一檢」；第三，團隊建議重啟標準工時立法程序，訂明標準工時應為每周40小時，加班工資應為正常工資的1.5倍，每月亦應設有加班和總工時上限，並以此為基礎制定「過勞死」的法律定義，把過勞死定為僱主須按《僱員補償條例》（第282章）作出補償的事故。最後，團隊建議政府主動開展設立失業保障制度的工作，包括探討供款式失業保險、檢討現行失業綜援、遣散費／長期服務金，並重視年輕人對相關政策的意見。

A Comparative Analysis Of Double Reduction Policy In China, Hai Yan Wang

SOC 605 Comparative Social Policy Research Project - Student Works

The "double reduction" policy in China is designed to reduce the workload of students and prohibit out-of-school training. However, the results are not as expected. This study aims to identify potential factors that could contribute to the success of China's "double reduction" policy. The data were analysed using a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods (questionnaires for students and semi-structured interviews with teachers and parents). In total, 156 valid questionnaires were collected, and 3 teachers and 3 parents were interviewed. In addition, Finland and South Korea's experiences have been used for comparison for better improvement. The results indicate that inconsistent …

A Comparison Of Public Housing Policies For The Elderly In Hong Kong And Singapore, Sijing Bai

SOC 605 Comparative Social Policy Research Project - Student Works

With the society’s development and progress, people are seeking a long and healthy life with improved life quality and a better living environment. Like many other economies worldwide, Singapore and Hong Kong are experiencing rapid population aging. The social welfare policy in Singapore is based on the individual and family as the foundation, the community as the middle-level organization, and the government taking a residual complementary role. In contrast, the elderly care model in Hong Kong can be divided into three types: aging in place, residential care, and aging out of Hong Kong. According to current statistics, Hong Kong has …

Sandurot Festival As Mugna : Exploring Modernity And Belonging Through The Civic Festival, Lady Flor Niñal Partosa

Lingnan Theses and Dissertations (MPhil & PhD)

Focusing on the Sandurot Festival organized by the City of Dumaguete in the Philippines, my study explores the process of embodying local identity as site to actualize modernity. To highlight this collaborative, creative, and often contentious process, I put forward the concept of mugna (a Cebuano word which means to create) to examine how social actors (such as festival organizers, cultural workers, and artists) configure nodes of belonging to the time and space of the city by engaging with notions of tradition, authenticity, progress, and development. As Cultural Studies stresses the significance of radical contextuality, I examine in this project …

From More Growth To Better Growth : The Challenge And The Way Out, Lok Sang Ho, Wing Lok Hung

PSEI/CERP Working Paper Series

The Chinese economy’s meteoric rise has caused alarm in the West. An article published online on the CNN website states, “China’s rapid technological advances have also made it a strategic threat to the United States and its allies. It’s steadily pushing American rivals out of long-held leadership positions in sectors ranging from 5G technology to artificial intelligence.” This, in truth, is the nature of the “threat” perceived by politicians in the West. It was also pointed out that “Until recently, some economists were predicting that China would become the world’s biggest economy by 2030, unseating the United States.” If China …

影視業勞工狀況中期研究報告2023, 嶺南大學政策研究院, 嶺南大學文化研究及發展中心, 嶺南大學「青年貧窮與就業」研究團隊, 鄧立賢, 蔡美琦, 楊皓鋮, 梁仕池, 潘毅

CCRD Research Report

文化及創意產業是近年香港政府重點發展的產業，銳意將香港打造成「中外文化藝術交流中心」。然而文化及創意產業行內的運作模式、勞動條件和文化卻鮮有被研究。近期，業內發生了幾宗轟動的工業意外，備受社會關注。此外，媒體不時報導從業員被「拖糧」、長時間超時工作、行業前景受限等，反映需要深入研究創意產業勞工的工作狀態。在眾多的創意產業行業中，影視業的從業員人數較多，每年亦有大量畢業生投入市場，因此本研究報告集中討論影視行業的狀況。我們在今年四月至八月透過訪談接觸了30位從業員，訪問他們的入行經歷、勞動狀態、待遇等問題。另外在六月至八月，我們利用問卷調查了123名從業員，主要收集他們的接案協議及酬勞、工時及勞動強度、職業安全等數據。

研究發現

外判制度導致影視業工作普遍零散化、延遲支付酬勞（即「拖糧」）情況常見。問卷顯示，有42.3%回覆者表示在現時或上一份工作，開工前僅前有口頭或訊息協議，14.6%回覆者則在開工前沒有任何形式的協議。影視業的外判制度其來有自，經歷九十年代港產製作大幅萎縮，投資商須緊縮成本製作預算，改以承包及自由工作方式聘用勞工，導致從業員缺乏正式僱傭關係和相關勞工保障。零散化的勞動模式亦造成普遍的不合理待遇，包括「拖糧」、欠缺清晰的工作協議、內容修改和工時安排等。

影視業從業員的勞動強度普遍較高，過勞和工傷普遍，但甚少有適當處理。超過六成回覆者表示「頗多」或「經常」連續兩天工作12小時以上；76.4%回覆者表示試過或目睹工傷，不過，只有11.7%回覆者表示有向勞工處呈報工傷。

政策倡議

訂立從業員基本待遇守則。影視業應制訂標準合約以保障從業員的基本權益，包括明確的酬勞支付方式、日期、付款分期，以及具體的休息時間規定。在盡量減低各持份者的行政成本下，標準合約讓自由工作者享有合理保障。行業亦應規範每組拍攝之間的最短休息時間及每週休息日。政府應負起帶頭責任，規定受資助團體或個人必須以不亞於行業標準合約的待遇聘請製作人員。

訂立工業安全指引。業界組織、勞工團體和勞工處應盡快共同制定工業安全指引。勞工處應研究拍攝場地的安全隱患，參考現行法例和工作守則，製作適用的宣傳材料和訓練課程。確立工作守則後，勞工處可研究不同執法的可行性，例如要求呈報拍攝現場、巡查、鼓勵舉報不安全的拍攝環境等。勞工處應審視勞工法例，研究同時保障僱員、日薪從業員、自由工作者的工傷補償。另外，勞工處應積極研究將中暑和過勞納入工傷保障範圍。

政府須完善對影視業的資助。政府應完善電影發展資助階梯，並鼓勵影視製作人擴展到不同平台，開拓市場。同時須增加畢業生支援，並聯同業界和學界，研究影視製作的區域分工及香港影視界的比較優勢，並按此推行相關的教育、人才培訓和資助計劃，使香港影視業能在區域分工中突圍而出。

長者健康理財素養訓練指南, 嶺南大學政策研究院

嶺大賽馬會長者健康及理財教育計劃

此書冊為一本為社工及教學人員而設的健康理財素養教材套，內附各單元的活動流程設計及附加資料以供活動設計者參考。

長者健康理財素養全攻略 : 智財篇, 嶺南大學政策研究院

嶺大賽馬會長者健康及理財教育計劃

此書冊為一本供長者自學使用的參考書，內容涵蓋退休理財單元的教學內容，從知識、態度及行為入手解構退休財務基本知識、投資規劃及 為退休理財作出準備的要點。

長者健康X理財 : 測量指標你要知 : 上冊, 嶺南大學政策研究院

嶺大賽馬會長者健康及理財教育計劃

此書冊為一本供長者自學使用的參考書，內附健康理財素養簡介、量度標準及附加資料以供讀者參考。

長者健康X理財 : 測量指標你要知 : 下冊, 嶺南大學政策研究院

嶺大賽馬會長者健康及理財教育計劃

此書冊為一本供長者自學使用的參考書，內附健康理財素養量度工具、測試提示及指標解讀對照表、其他網上資源及自行測試工具以供讀者輕鬆地測試自己的健康理財素養。