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Articles 31 - 32 of 32

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Fall And Rise Of Torture: A Comparative And Historical Analysis, Christopher J. Einolf Jun 2007

The Fall And Rise Of Torture: A Comparative And Historical Analysis, Christopher J. Einolf

Christopher J Einolf

Torture was formally abolished by European governments in the nineteenth century, and the actual practice of torture decreased as well during that period. In the twentieth century, however, torture became much more common. None of the theories that explain the reduction of torture in the nineteenth century can explain its resurgence in the twentieth. This paper argues that the use of torture follows the same patterns in contemporary times as it has in earlier historical periods. Torture is most commonly used against people who are not full members of a society, such as slaves, foreigners, prisoners of war, and members …


The Childhood Of Human Rights: The Kodak On The Congo, Sharon Sliwinski Dec 2005

The Childhood Of Human Rights: The Kodak On The Congo, Sharon Sliwinski

Sharon Sliwinski

This article examines the Congo reform movement's use of atrocity photographs in their human rights campaign (c. 1904–13) against Belgian King Leopold, colonial ruler of the Congo Free State. This material analysis shows that human rights are conceived by spectators who, with the aid of the photographic apparatus, are compelled to judge that crimes against humanity are occurring to others. The article also tracks how this judgement has been haunted by the potent wish to undo the suffering witnessed.