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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Ethics And Care: For Animals, Not Just Mammals, Jennifer A. Mather
Ethics And Care: For Animals, Not Just Mammals, Jennifer A. Mather
Speciesism and Breed Discrimination Collection
In the last few decades, we have made great strides in recognizing ethics and providing care for animals, but the focus has been mainly on mammals. This stems from a bias of attention not only in research but predominantly in non-scientists’ attention (to ‘popular’ animals), resulting partly from discussion about and depiction of animals in publications addressed to the public. This is somewhat due to political pressure, and can result in uneven conservation efforts and biases in targets for welfare concerns. As a result, there has been a huge backlash again, with concerns about pain sensitivity and welfare in fish, …
Relationship Between Religion, Spirituality, And Psychotherapy: An Ethical Perspective, Thomas G. Plante
Relationship Between Religion, Spirituality, And Psychotherapy: An Ethical Perspective, Thomas G. Plante
Psychology
Spirituality and religion are typically a critically important element of most people’s lives. They offer an overarching framework for making sense of the world and a strategy to cope with life’s stressors. They provide a community and a way to wrestle with life’s biggest questions regarding meaning, purpose, and suffering. Mental health professionals are mandated to behave in an ethical manner defined by their codes of ethics. These codes typically understand religion and spirituality a multiculturalism issue. Professionals need to be respectful and responsible and pay close attention to potential implicit bias, boundary crossings, and destructive beliefs and practices. Working …
Assessing Counseling Student Readiness To Return After Program Interruption, Tara S. Jungersen, Carly Paro
Assessing Counseling Student Readiness To Return After Program Interruption, Tara S. Jungersen, Carly Paro
Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches and Lectures
Students who voluntarily self-select to take a leave of absence from a counseling program due to personal reasons should be commended for compliance with the self-monitoring requirements of the ACA Code of Ethics. However, post-leave, counselor education programs must ensure that returning students are dispositionally and academically capable of success once resuming the program. Accurate assessment of student readiness to return is a critical duty for counselor education faculty. This roundtable will review practices and procedures currently in place to review student readiness to return from a leave of absence. Student privacy, confidentiality, and ethics will be reviewed, along with …
Ethics Renewal: Moral Principles, Boundaries, Value Studies, And More!, Mercedes Ter Maat
Ethics Renewal: Moral Principles, Boundaries, Value Studies, And More!, Mercedes Ter Maat
Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches and Lectures
This presentation is intended to go beyond mandatory ethics to raise participants’ self-awareness to practice clinical mental health counseling. It fulfills 1 hour of ethics CEU requirements toward licensure renewal in a fun and interactive way. Participants will engage in active discussions and activities regarding personal beliefs and values, boundary dilemmas, moral principles, and ethical decision-making processes to promote client welfare. HIPAA, FERPA, and other key legislation will be discussed with emphasis on confidentiality.
Professional Ethics, Decision-Making, And Interdisciplinary Collaboration: An Exploration Of Teacher Preparation Programs And Practice, Brittany Mccreary
Professional Ethics, Decision-Making, And Interdisciplinary Collaboration: An Exploration Of Teacher Preparation Programs And Practice, Brittany Mccreary
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The first purpose of this research was to explore the prevalence, methods of instruction, and perceived value of professional ethics, ethical decision-making, and interdisciplinary collaboration in teacher preparation programs throughout the U.S. These factors were addressed using the Ethics Training and Curriculum Survey (ETCS). Participants for the ETCS included teacher educators (n = 977) from CAEP accredited preparation programs. Survey results suggest that professional ethics is widely addressed throughout CAEP accredited programs, but that instruction in ethical decision-making varies considerably. To connect these findings with practice, a second purpose of this study was to explore how educators make ethical …
Further Developments Of The Santa Clara Ethics Questionnaire, Thomas G. Plante, Anna Mccreadie
Further Developments Of The Santa Clara Ethics Questionnaire, Thomas G. Plante, Anna Mccreadie
Psychology
Ethics and ethical decision-making are critically important for high-functioning communities, including those on college campuses. This brief paper provides further research support for the Santa Clara Ethics Questionnaire, a brief and no-cost 10-item questionnaire assessing general ethics. The questionnaire was administered to 329 university students along with several other measures to assess convergent and divergent validity. Results suggest that compassion, hope, and self-esteem predict about one-third of the variance in ethics scores. Implications for future research and use are discussed.
A Ulysses Pact With Artificial Systems. How To Deliberately Change The Objective Spirit With Cultured Ai, Bruno Gransche
A Ulysses Pact With Artificial Systems. How To Deliberately Change The Objective Spirit With Cultured Ai, Bruno Gransche
Computer Ethics - Philosophical Enquiry (CEPE) Proceedings
The article introduces a concept of cultured technology, i.e. intelligent systems capable of interacting with humans and showing (or simulating) manners, of following customs and of socio-sensitive considerations. Such technologies might, when deployed on a large scale, influence and change the realm of human customs, traditions, standards of acceptable behavior, etc. This realm is known as the "objective spirit" (Hegel), which usually is thought of as being historically changing but not subject to deliberate human design. The article investigates the question of whether the purposeful design of interactive technologies (as cultured technologies) could enable us to shape modes of …
Moral Pathology, Katie Rapier
Moral Pathology, Katie Rapier
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation explores the relationship between morality and mental illness. Mental illness is often thought to impair moral functioning but careful examination reveals that mental illness offers its own insight into moral functioning. While we learn a great deal about moral responsibility and exempting conditions (psychopathy and addiction), we also discover that there a multiple ways to be moral and that many individuals act morally despite ongoing conditions (high-functioning autism spectrum disorder and recovered borderline personality disorder). I conclude that these insights ought to shape our ethical theories.
Prevalence Of Moral Injury In Canadian Forces Members Deployed To Afghanistan, Kevin T. Hansen
Prevalence Of Moral Injury In Canadian Forces Members Deployed To Afghanistan, Kevin T. Hansen
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Moral injury is a relatively new area of study within military mental health care, as such, prevalence estimates for both moral injury and exposure to potentially morally injurious events (PMIE; a moral injury precursor) are unknown for many of the world’s militaries. PMIE is commonly defined as the perpetrating, failing to prevent, witnessing, or learning about acts or events that transgress an individual’s deeply held moral belief(s). The primary purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of PMIE in a population of Canadian Armed Forces (CF) members who served in support of the recent mission to Afghanistan. How …
Levinas Across The Lifespan: Human Development And The Face Of The Other, Elizabeth Gassin, Chad Maxson
Levinas Across The Lifespan: Human Development And The Face Of The Other, Elizabeth Gassin, Chad Maxson
Scholar Week 2016 - present
In this Scholar Week presentation, we will review the fundamentals of Emmanuel Levinas’ philosophy and integrate them with research from the field of developmental psychology. Levinas argued that ethics is the starting point of philosophy. The face of the other human functioned for him to communicate the primal social attachments between the Self and the Other. For Levinas, this primary sociability contains an infinite ethical obligation that shapes philosophy. Various lines of research in developmental psychology have demonstrated a chain of events that dovetails with Levinas’ claims. This chain of events links infant preference for human faces, the crucial role …
The Santa Clara Ethics Scale, Thomas G. Plante, Anna Mccreadie
The Santa Clara Ethics Scale, Thomas G. Plante, Anna Mccreadie
Psychology
Ethics and ethical decision-making are important for well-functioning communities and societies, including college campuses. Yet, there are very few high quality, cost-effective, relevant, and easy-to-use assessment instruments currently available. This paper introduces the new Santa Clara Ethics Scale, a very brief no-cost questionnaire assessing general ethics. The 10-item scale was administered to 200 university students along with several other measures to assess convergent and divergent validity. Information regarding the validity and reliability of the scale along with test utility is presented. Implications for future research and use are discussed as well.
Sentience Is The Foundation Of Animal Rights, Michael L. Woodruff
Sentience Is The Foundation Of Animal Rights, Michael L. Woodruff
Animal Sentience
Chapman & Huffman argue that the cognitive differences between humans and nonhuman animals do not make humans superior to animals. I suggest that humans have domain-general cognitive abilities that make them superior in causing uniquely complex changes in the world not caused by any other species. The ability to conceive of and articulate a claim of rights is an example. However, possession of superior cognitive ability does not entitle humans to superior moral status. It is sentience, not cognitive complexity, that is the basis for the assignment of rights and the protections under the law that accompany them.
The Ethical And Emotional Benefits Of Reducing Self-Focus Through Mindfulness, Emma Loftus
The Ethical And Emotional Benefits Of Reducing Self-Focus Through Mindfulness, Emma Loftus
Scripps Senior Theses
This proposed study was inspired by the concept in Aristotle’s virtue ethics theory that a good life is necessarily an ethical one. The following work intends to expand previous literature on this topic by exploring an accessible potential method through which ethicality (and thus, well-being) can be increased, and also a possible explanation of how this process might occur. Past research has indicated that mindfulness training can increase both prosociality and well-being, and additionally that higher ethicality is connected to higher well-being. Reduced self-focus has been found to mediate these relationships. The proposed 30 day study makes use of a …
Moral Relevance Of Cognitive Complexity, Empathy And Species Differences In Suffering, John Lazarus
Moral Relevance Of Cognitive Complexity, Empathy And Species Differences In Suffering, John Lazarus
Animal Sentience
I qualify two criticisms made by commentators on Chapman & Huffman’s target article. Responding to the view that differences between humans and other animals are irrelevant to deciding how we should treat other species, I point out that differences between any species in their capacity to suffer are morally relevant. And in response to the claim that suffering is the sole criterion for the moral treatment of animals, I argue that cognitive complexity and a capacity for empathy also have moral relevance to the extent that they influence suffering.
Phenotypic Similarity And Moral Consideration, S. Brian Hood, Sophia Giddens
Phenotypic Similarity And Moral Consideration, S. Brian Hood, Sophia Giddens
Animal Sentience
Identifying specific traits to justify according differential moral status to humans and non-human animals may be more challenging than Chapman & Huffman suggest. The reasons for this also go against their recommendation that we ought to attend to how humans and non-humans are similar. The problem lies in identifying the moral relevance of biological characteristics. There are, however, other reasons for treating non-human animals as worthy of moral consideration, such as the Precautionary Principle.
Just Preservation: From Vision To Reality, Rupu Gupta
Just Preservation: From Vision To Reality, Rupu Gupta
Animal Sentience
Treves et al. propose a tangible shift in current discourse and practice related to the human relationship with other forms of nature. They aim to instill an ethical stance in human perspectives on nature, advocating the idea of trustees as advocates for non-human nature in consensus-building scenarios. This commentary raises questions about the practicality of a wide-scale culture shift in values towards non-human nature, and the power dynamics that are inevitable in multi-stakeholder settings.