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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 31 - 38 of 38
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Individual Personality Differences In Goats Predict Their Performance In Visual Learning And Non-Associative Cognitive Tasks, Christian Nawroth, Pamela M. Prentice, Alan G. Mcelligott
Individual Personality Differences In Goats Predict Their Performance In Visual Learning And Non-Associative Cognitive Tasks, Christian Nawroth, Pamela M. Prentice, Alan G. Mcelligott
Learning Ability Collection
Variation in common personality traits, such as boldness or exploration, is often associated with risk–reward trade–offs and behavioural flexibility. To date, only a few studies have examined the effects of consistent behavioural traits on both learning and cognition. We investigated whether certain personality traits (‘exploration’ and ‘sociability’) of individuals were related to cognitive performance, learning flexibility and learning style in a social ungulate species, the goat (Capra hircus). We also investigated whether a preference for feature cues rather than impaired learning abilities can explain performance variation in a visual discrimination task. We found that personality scores were consistent …
Availability For Learning:Effects Of Mindfulness Meditation On Student Cognitive Abilities, Alexander Harne
Availability For Learning:Effects Of Mindfulness Meditation On Student Cognitive Abilities, Alexander Harne
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Hearing Loss And Verbal Memory Assessment In Older Adults, Christina G. Wong
Hearing Loss And Verbal Memory Assessment In Older Adults, Christina G. Wong
Wayne State University Dissertations
Prior research has found that adults with hearing loss perform worse on cognitive testing than adults without hearing loss, and some studies have suggested that hearing loss is associated with dementia. Heavy emphasis on tests involving auditory stimuli for memory assessment may result in overdiagnosis of cognitive impairment in individuals with hearing loss. The present study compared visual and auditory versions of a verbal memory test among older adults with and without hearing loss. Forty-one adults with moderate-to-severe, sensorineural hearing loss (HL) and 41 age-matched adults with normal hearing (NH) participated. Age ranged from 55 – 80 years. They completed …
Sex Differences In Chronic Stress Effects On Cognition In Rodents, Victoria N. Luine, Juan Gomez, Kevin D. Beck, Rachel E. Bowman
Sex Differences In Chronic Stress Effects On Cognition In Rodents, Victoria N. Luine, Juan Gomez, Kevin D. Beck, Rachel E. Bowman
Psychology Faculty Publications
Chronic stress causes deleterious changes in physiological function in systems ranging from neural cells in culture to laboratory rodents, sub-human primates and humans. It is notable, however, that the vast majority of research in this area has been conducted in males. In this review, we provide information about chronic stress effects on cognition in female rodents and contrast it with responses in male rodents. In general, females show cognitive resilience to chronic stressors which impair male cognitive function using spatial tasks including the radial arm maze, radial arm water maze, Morris water maze, Y-maze and object placement. Moreover, stress often …
The Role Of Cognitive Distortions In Predicting Mental Toughness In Athletes, Courtney Dougherty
The Role Of Cognitive Distortions In Predicting Mental Toughness In Athletes, Courtney Dougherty
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Mental toughness is one of the most commonly applied concepts in sports but also one of the least understood terms used by individuals in the athletic community (Jones, Hanton, & Connaughton, 2002). Mental toughness in sports is also characterized as the ability to be more consistent and better than opponents in remaining determined, focused, and confident under pressure (Jones et al., 2007). Despite the advancements in the cognitive understanding of mental toughness, little research has focused on evaluating the basis or rationality as to why or how mentally tough athletes possess the tendency to have an unshakeable confidence and belief …
The Poverty Of The Neuroscience Of Poverty: Policy Payoff Or False Promise?, Amy L. Wax
The Poverty Of The Neuroscience Of Poverty: Policy Payoff Or False Promise?, Amy L. Wax
All Faculty Scholarship
A recent body of work in neuroscience examines the brains of people suffering from social and economic disadvantage. This article assesses claims that this research can help generate more effective strategies for addressing these social conditions and their effects. It concludes that the so-called neuroscience of deprivation has no unique practical payoff, and that scientists, journalists, and policy-makers should stop claiming otherwise. Because this research does not, and generally cannot, distinguish between innate versus environmental causes of brain characteristics, it cannot predict whether neurological and behavioral deficits can be addressed by reducing social deprivation. Also, knowledge of brain mechanisms yields …
The Relationship Between Physical Exercise And Cognition In Children With Typical Development And Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Beron Wei Zhong Tan
The Relationship Between Physical Exercise And Cognition In Children With Typical Development And Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Beron Wei Zhong Tan
Theses: Doctorates and Masters
This research project sought to investigate the relationship between physical exercise and cognition in children with and without a neurodevelopmental condition. To achieve this aim, three approaches were undertaken to explore the exercise and cognition relationship. The first approach sought to understand the efficacy of exercise interventions on cognition in individuals with a neurodevelopmental disorder. The second approach was to understand the effectiveness of an exercise activity when compared to a cognitively-engaging tablet game activity on measures of implicit learning and attention in children with and without a neurodevelopmental condition. The third approach was to investigate if psychophysiological measures could …
Changing Perceptions Of Loss: The Influence Of Generation Effects And Message Framing, Kaylee Brown
Changing Perceptions Of Loss: The Influence Of Generation Effects And Message Framing, Kaylee Brown
Senior Honors Theses and Projects
This study is a three-part survey that examines how loss can be experienced differently based on one's generation and the way a message about loss is framed. More specifically, participants of all ages read a mock article that framed loss experiences positively or negatively, and then participants answered questions regarding their own loss experiences. It was hypothesized that, due to generational variance, older vs. younger individuals may deal with loss quite differently and, as such, may react to the positively and negatively framed loss articles as a function of their ages. As hypothesized, significant relationships among article type and age …