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Articles 61 - 90 of 183
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Prevalent Low Income Status In Canadian And United States Metropolitan Areas, 1980 And 1990, Kevin M. Gorey
Prevalent Low Income Status In Canadian And United States Metropolitan Areas, 1980 And 1990, Kevin M. Gorey
Social Work Publications
As compared to Toronto’s poor people, three to four-fold as many of upstate New York’s poor live in severely impoverished neighborhoods, areas where 40% or more of the residents have annual incomes below the federally established low income or poverty criterion. However, the prevalence of such extremely degraded living conditions increased similarly (two-fold) on both sides of the Canadian-US border during the 1980s. This urban problem, of the concentration of poor people, seems to predominantly be an inner-city problem in the US, whereas it was found to be nearly equivalently extant in the inner-city, mid-suburban and outlying suburban areas of …
Gorey, K. Association Between Socioeconomic Status And Cancer Incidence In Toronto, Ontario: Possible Confounding Of Cancer Mortality By Incidence And Survival, Kevin M. Gorey
Social Work Publications
OBJECTIVE: To observe the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and cancer incidence in a cohort of Canadians.
DESIGN: Cases of primary malignant cancer (83,666) that arose in metropolitan Toronto, Ont., from 1986 to 1993 were ascertained by the Ontario Cancer Registry and linked by residence at the time of diagnosis to a census-based measure of SES. Socioeconomic quintile areas were then compared by cancer incidence.
RESULTS: Significant associations between SES and cancer incidence in the hypothesized direction--greater incidence in low-income areas--were observed for 15 of 23 cancer sites.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings, together with the recently observed consistent pattern of significant …
Secular Trends In The United States Black/White Hypertension Prevalence Ratio: Potential Impact Of Diminishing Response Rates, Kevin M. Gorey
Secular Trends In The United States Black/White Hypertension Prevalence Ratio: Potential Impact Of Diminishing Response Rates, Kevin M. Gorey
Social Work Publications
In this integrative review, the authors analyzed 25 studies on hypertension prevalence among black and white adults (1960-1991). The authors made the following inferences: 1) both female (2.59 vs. 1.77) and male (2.20 vs. 1.38) black/white hypertension prevalence ratios have diminished by approximately a third over the past three decades; 2) response rates were significantly lower among the more recent surveys (i.e., 1976 or later, mean 69.2 percent (standard deviation (SD) 6.9) vs. 1960 to 1975, mean 86.1 percent (SD 9.1)); and 3) these two trends are directly associated--response rates may account for a third (women, R2 = 0.362) to …
Experiencing Physical Violence During Pregnancy: Prevalence And Correlates, Vilma E. Cokkinides, Ann L. Coker
Experiencing Physical Violence During Pregnancy: Prevalence And Correlates, Vilma E. Cokkinides, Ann L. Coker
CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles
Violence during pregnancy directly impacts the mental and physical health of pregnant women. We assessed the prevalence and correlates of physical violence around the time of pregnancy in a representative sample of 6,718 women in South Carolina. Physical violence, defined as "being physically hurt by husband or partner" or "being involved in a physical fight" was reported by 10.9% of recently pregnant women. These were correlates of violence: experiencing increased numbers of stressful life events, being unmarried, having increased parity, being on Medicaid, and having an unwanted pregnancy. Screening to identify violence in pregnancy in health care settings is vital …
Violence Against Women In Sierra Leone: Frequency And Correlates Of Intimate Partner Violence And Forced Sexual Intercourse, Ann L. Coker, Donna L. Richter
Violence Against Women In Sierra Leone: Frequency And Correlates Of Intimate Partner Violence And Forced Sexual Intercourse, Ann L. Coker, Donna L. Richter
CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles
Violence against women is a significant public health problem which impacts women, men, and children. Little is known about the frequency or correlates of violence against women in Africa. In this cross-sectional study, we found that 66.7% of 144 women surveyed in a study of AIDS knowledge, attitude, and behaviours, report being beaten by an intimate male partner and 50.7% report having ever been forced to have sexual intercourse; 76.6% of women report either forced sex or intimate partner violence. Circumcised women were most likely to report intimate partner violence and forced sexual intercourse. To improve the health of women …
Graduate Bulletin, 1998-2000 (1998), Moorhead State University
Graduate Bulletin, 1998-2000 (1998), Moorhead State University
Graduate Bulletins (Catalogs)
No abstract provided.
The Effect Of Sinoaortic Deafferentation On Renal Wrap Hypertension, J. Mark Van Ness, Teresa Craig, Carmen Hinojosa-Laborde, Joseph R. Haywood
The Effect Of Sinoaortic Deafferentation On Renal Wrap Hypertension, J. Mark Van Ness, Teresa Craig, Carmen Hinojosa-Laborde, Joseph R. Haywood
College of the Pacific Faculty Articles
The purpose of this study was to determine whether sinoaortic deafferentation (SAD) alters the severity of hypertension or sympathoadrenal contribution to mean blood pressure (MAP) during renal wrap hypertension. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters for 24-hour recording of MAP and heart rate. All rats underwent either SAD or sham SAD (Intact) surgery and were allowed to recover for 10 to 14 days. The rats were then assigned to a normotensive (Sham) group or a hypertensive (Wrap) group in which 1-kidney figure-8 renal wrap was performed. SAD increased the acute MAP response to renal wrap (Intact-Sham=5+/-1 mm Hg, …
Manuel De Recherche Opérationnelle En Matière De Planification Familiale, Andrew A. Fisher, John E. Laing, John E. Stoeckel, John Townsend
Manuel De Recherche Opérationnelle En Matière De Planification Familiale, Andrew A. Fisher, John E. Laing, John E. Stoeckel, John Townsend
Reproductive Health
Le Manuel de recherche opérationnelle en matière de planification familiale, publié pour la première fois en anglais par le Population Council en 1984, se basait sur des projets de recherche en Asie. Cette seconde édition contient des sections révisées et développées. Le cas échéant, des exemples d'Amérique latine et d'Afrique ont été ajoutés. Le chapitre d'introduction comprend une exposé actualisé sur le processus de la recherche opérationnelle (RO) en matière de santé et planification familiale. De nouveaux chapitres concernent le choix du type d’intervention à tester dans une étude RO ainsi que les principaux éléments constituant un programme d'intervention. Le …
Assessing The Quality Of Reproductive Health Services, Raeda Al Qutob, Salah Mawajdeh, Laila Nawar, Salama Saidi, Firas Raad
Assessing The Quality Of Reproductive Health Services, Raeda Al Qutob, Salah Mawajdeh, Laila Nawar, Salama Saidi, Firas Raad
Reproductive Health
This paper offers a broad definition of quality of care and presents a comprehensive conceptual framework for the assessment of quality of reproductive health services and methodological approaches for its measurement. It presents three studies that were conducted between 1990 and 1991 by members of the regional Reproductive Health Working Group from Egypt, Jordan, and Tunisia. The studies provide examples of applications of the framework and its measurement using multiple data sources. Selected findings are presented to illustrate comparative results between countries. Based on the lessons learned from the studies, examples of reproductive health interventions that may improve the quality …
Seminar On Male Involvement In Reproductive Health In Egypt: Summary Of Research Findings And Future Directions, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab
Seminar On Male Involvement In Reproductive Health In Egypt: Summary Of Research Findings And Future Directions, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab
Reproductive Health
As more work in the area of male involvement in reproductive health (RH) is expected in Egypt, it is important that researchers and donor agencies become aware of existing studies, topics covered, and main research findings so duplication can be avoided. It is also important that policymakers and program managers learn about the results of existing studies so they can use those results in designing more effective policies to increase male involvement in Egypt. To address this need, the Population Council’s ANE OR/TA Project organized a seminar on “Disseminating Results of Research on Male Involvement in Reproductive Health in Egypt” …
Strengthening The Research Capacity Of Planned Parenthood Association Of Ghana, Robert A. Miller
Strengthening The Research Capacity Of Planned Parenthood Association Of Ghana, Robert A. Miller
Reproductive Health
The Planned Parenthood Association of Ghana (PPAG) is one of the most active nongovernmental organizations delivering reproductive health (RH) services in Ghana, focusing particularly on youth issues and services. USAID suggested to the Population Council’s Africa OR/TA Project II staff that PPAG might benefit from technical assistance. A large and well-funded IPPF program to promote sexual health among youth of the Volta Region offered a good opportunity to begin OR work. Earlier, the program was envisioned as a demonstration educational program of five years duration. Further discussions suggested that this program was unlikely to be duplicated anywhere, because of its …
Youth Centres In Ghana: Assessment Of The Planned Parenthood Association Of Ghana Programme, Evam Kofi Glover, Annabel Erulkar, Joana Nerquaye-Tetteh
Youth Centres In Ghana: Assessment Of The Planned Parenthood Association Of Ghana Programme, Evam Kofi Glover, Annabel Erulkar, Joana Nerquaye-Tetteh
Reproductive Health
The sexual and reproductive health of adolescents has become a major public concern, particularly with the advent of HIV/AIDS. Many organizations have tried to find strategies to reach youth with reproductive health (RH) information and services through various service delivery models. One such model has been the multipurpose youth center approach. Multipurpose youth centers typically include recreational or vocational services as entry points for RH and family planning (FP) information and services. There is some evidence in a variety of African settings (notably Kenya and Zimbabwe) suggesting that these centers are underutilized and not cost-effective. As a result, the Planned …
Reproductive Health Operations Research, 1995–1998, James R. Foreit, Federico R. Leon, Ricardo Vernon, Timothy D.N. King, Deborah L. Billings, A.B Friedman, Janie Benson
Reproductive Health Operations Research, 1995–1998, James R. Foreit, Federico R. Leon, Ricardo Vernon, Timothy D.N. King, Deborah L. Billings, A.B Friedman, Janie Benson
Reproductive Health
This book presents in-depth reports on promising new interventions that have been developed and important programmatic changes that have been achieved by operations research in Latin America between 1995 and 1998. The INOPAL III project has made advances in five areas including access and quality of services, integration of family planning and other reproductive health services, financial sustainability, post-abortion care, and emergency contraception. Each of these topics are represented by at least three studies conducted in two or more countries. The operations research projects discussed under each topic are not replications of a single study. They use different research designs …
Creating Linkages Between Incomplete Abortion Treatment And Family Planning Services In Kenya: What Works Best?, Julie Solo, Achola Ominde, Margaret Makumi, Deborah L. Billings, Colette Aloo-Obunga
Creating Linkages Between Incomplete Abortion Treatment And Family Planning Services In Kenya: What Works Best?, Julie Solo, Achola Ominde, Margaret Makumi, Deborah L. Billings, Colette Aloo-Obunga
Reproductive Health
Unsafe abortion constitutes a major public health problem throughout the world, leading to high levels of maternal morbidity and mortality. Abortion accounts for roughly one-third of maternal mortality in the world. Millions of other women experience short- and long-term morbidity, such as infertility and pain. The concept of postabortion care (PAC) has gained wide acceptance as a means to improve services provided to women with complications from spontaneous or unsafely induced abortions. One way to improve emergency treatment is through introducing manual vacuum aspiration (MVA), which has been shown to be safer and less costly than dilation and curettage (D&C). …
Workshop Report: Launching Of The Revised Reproductive Health Policy Guidelines And Standards, Division Of Primary Health Care, Kenya Ministry Of Health
Workshop Report: Launching Of The Revised Reproductive Health Policy Guidelines And Standards, Division Of Primary Health Care, Kenya Ministry Of Health
Reproductive Health
The Government of Kenya recently revised its Policy Guidelines and Standards for family planning (FP) and other reproductive health (RH) services to encourage service providers to undertake a more comprehensive approach to service delivery. Some of the recommendations, especially those relating to the integration of STI/HIV/AIDS services into MCH/FP services, and to safe motherhood, include new practices and procedures. A number of research studies have been conducted in Kenya and elsewhere that provide data pertinent to many of these recommendations, and the Division of Primary Health Care (DPHC) used the results to provide a framework within which the guidelines were …
Towards Safe Womanhood: Supporting Safe Motherhood Initiatives And Women's Participation In Development, Meiwita B. Iskandar
Towards Safe Womanhood: Supporting Safe Motherhood Initiatives And Women's Participation In Development, Meiwita B. Iskandar
Reproductive Health
Improvement in a woman’s quality of life is a prerequisite for development of human resources, because the quality of children’s physical and mental development is inextricably tied to the health and welfare of women as future mothers. If a mother is well protected during the pregnancy, birth, and postpartum period, the risk of illness and other problems in fetuses and newborn babies will be reduced. On the other hand, if a woman does not survive the pregnancy, birth, and postpartum period, her fetus or newborn will also be threatened. This paper provides a situation analysis of pregnant women, women in …
Needs And Risks Facing The Indonesian Youth Population, Desti Murdijana
Needs And Risks Facing The Indonesian Youth Population, Desti Murdijana
Reproductive Health
Youth are the leaders of tomorrow, but right now they face a formidable collection of problems that will determine the quality of their future lives and the lives of us all. Education, jobs, substance abuse, violence, sexuality, and marriage are examples of adolescent issues that demand special attention from researchers, youth activists and advocates, parents, and policymakers. In attempting to address these complex issues, we must be willing to confront ignorance, controversy, and cultural obstacles. Clear and focused policy and strategies must play a basic role in tackling these issues facing Indonesian adolescents. This paper provides a concise situation analysis …
Relationship Between Mode Of Death And Homicide Dump Sites, Aparanji Mirtipati
Relationship Between Mode Of Death And Homicide Dump Sites, Aparanji Mirtipati
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
Diagnosing Depression In Adolescents, Heather M. Villien
Diagnosing Depression In Adolescents, Heather M. Villien
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
Coercion Justified?-Evaluating The Training In Community Living Model (The Original Assertive Community Treatment Model) A Dissertation, Tomi Gomory
Tomi Gomory
This dissertation examines the research and theory offered for Programs of Assertive Community Treatment, the model that is supported by Institutional Psychiatry as the most well validated and best model of intervention applicable to the psychiatric population labeled the Severely and Persistently Mentally Ill. Although this program has been researched for over 25 yrs. and the extensive literature on this model claims to have established it’s efficacy on both the systems and patient level, the findings of my critical review dispute these claims based on the examination of the empirical evidence of all available randomized controlled trials of this intervention …
Intracellular Coexpression Of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Her-2/Neu, And P21ras In Human Breast Cancers: Evidence For The Existence Of Distinctive Patterns Of Genetic Evolution That Are Common To Tumors From Different Patients, Stanley E. Shackney, Agnese A. Pollice, Charles A. Smith, Laura E. Janocko, Lillian Sweeney, Kathryn A. Brown, Sarita G. Singh, Lingping Gu, Robert Yakulis, Joseph F. Lucke
Intracellular Coexpression Of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Her-2/Neu, And P21ras In Human Breast Cancers: Evidence For The Existence Of Distinctive Patterns Of Genetic Evolution That Are Common To Tumors From Different Patients, Stanley E. Shackney, Agnese A. Pollice, Charles A. Smith, Laura E. Janocko, Lillian Sweeney, Kathryn A. Brown, Sarita G. Singh, Lingping Gu, Robert Yakulis, Joseph F. Lucke
Joseph Lucke
Multiparameter flow cytometry studies were performed on cells from the primary tumors of 94 patients with breast cancer. Correlated cellular measurements of cell DNA content, Her-2/neu, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and p21ras levels were performed on each of 5,000 to 100,000 cells from each tumor. When criteria for positivity were matched with those in common use for immunohistochemical studies, 28 of 94 (30\%) breast cancers were classified as positive for Her-2/neu overexpression. When similar criteria were applied to the EGFR measurements, 23 of 94 (24\%) cases were classified as positive for EGFR overexpression. Similarly, 23 of 94 (24\%) cases …
Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 39 Number 4, Winter 1998, Santa Clara University
Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 39 Number 4, Winter 1998, Santa Clara University
Santa Clara Magazine
10 - INSIDE OUT Francisco Jimenez, chairman of the University's Modern Languages and Literatures Department, recalls his grade-school days and immigrant family.
14 - FROM HALLOWED TO HIP Connie Hinckley, East Bay writer, examines the media's many-faceted portrayals of the priesthood, especially the controversial Father Ray of Nothing Sacred.
20 - SANTA CLARA'S ADOBE LEGACY Susan Vogel, San Francisco author and publisher, traces the history of the Adobe Lodge and describes its many roles in the life of the University.
26 - UNCOVERING THE REGION'S RICH PAST As the University clears land for new buildings, SCU archeologists and Native American …
A Case Study Of An Electively Mute Child, Robert Driscol
A Case Study Of An Electively Mute Child, Robert Driscol
Graduate Research Papers
Selective mutism is characterized by the appropriate use of language in certain settings, with a consistent lack of language use elsewhere. The child is often viewed as shy, and it is assumed that the shyness is temporary and will be outgrown. The purpose of this paper is to explore the problem of selective mutism in school aged children for whom silence may extend for many months or even years. Selective mutism will be further defined, and frequency, duration, and a summary of treatment methods will be discussed. A case study that illustrates positive outcomes of a behavioral approach will also …
Involving Private Medical Practitioners In Family Planning Services In Bangladesh, Abu Yusuf Choudhury, Ubaidur Rob, Sharif M.I. Hossain
Involving Private Medical Practitioners In Family Planning Services In Bangladesh, Abu Yusuf Choudhury, Ubaidur Rob, Sharif M.I. Hossain
Reproductive Health
The project "Involving Private Medical Practitioners (PMPs) in Family Planning Services" is an innovative initiative to involve PMPs in protecting the reproductive health (RH) of couples, attract private investment in the family planning (FP) sector, and eventually reduce the increasing financial pressure on the government. The project was implemented in two phases. In phase I, qualified PMPs from urban areas were given training on FP. In phase II, nonqualified PMPs were given training on FP. PIACT Bangladesh, a local NGO, conducted two pilot projects to involve the PMPs in FP. The first one was to involve qualified PMPs in urban …
The Life Saver: The Mother Friendly Movement In Indonesia, Abdullah Cholil, Meiwita B. Iskandar, Rosalia Sciortino
The Life Saver: The Mother Friendly Movement In Indonesia, Abdullah Cholil, Meiwita B. Iskandar, Rosalia Sciortino
Reproductive Health
The focus of this book is the Mother Friendly Movement in Indonesia, a collective effort to reduce maternal mortality. The idea of documenting the Mother Friendly Movement or Gerekan Sayang Ibu (GSI) was originally suggested by Her Excellency Mien Sugandhi, the State Minister for the Role of Women, Republic of Indonesia, in the belief that the Indonesian experience in reducing maternal mortality would be relevant to other countries struggling with the same problem. The authors were entrusted with producing an illustrated monograph on the pilot projects implemented in eight districts from June to December 1997. Besides extensively monitoring these activities, …
Advances And Challenges In Postabortion Care Operations Research: Summary Report Of A Global Meeting, Dale Huntington
Advances And Challenges In Postabortion Care Operations Research: Summary Report Of A Global Meeting, Dale Huntington
Reproductive Health
The Global Meeting on Postabortion Care: Advances and Challenges in Operations Research was held at the Population Council’s New York office on January 19–21, 1998, to review progress made by three regional operations research (OR) projects in improving delivery of postabortion care. The resources of the three OR contracts were pooled, and, in collaboration with Ipas and the Ebert Program, approximately 65 researchers, senior program managers, and government officials from Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia were convened. Three objectives guided the planning of the meeting: review progress in the development of OR methodologies pertaining to postabortion …
Stimulus Eccentricity And Spatial Frequency Interact To Determine Circular Vection, Stephen A. Palmisano, Barbara Gillam
Stimulus Eccentricity And Spatial Frequency Interact To Determine Circular Vection, Stephen A. Palmisano, Barbara Gillam
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
While early research suggested that peripheral vision dominates the perception of selfmotion, subsequent studies found little or no effect of stimulus eccentricity. In contradiction to these broad notions of 'peripheral dominance' and 'eccentricity independence', the present experiments showed that the spatial frequency of optic flow interacts with its eccentricity to determine circular vection magnitude—central stimulation producing the most compelling vection for high-spatial-frequency stimuli and peripheral stimulation producing the most compelling vection for lower-spatial-frequency stimuli. This interaction appeared to be due, in part at least, to the effect that the higher-spatial-frequency moving pattern had on subjects' ability to organise optic flow …
A Giant New Trimerellide Brachiopod From The Wenlock (Early Silurian) Of New South Wales, Australia, Des L. Strusz, Ian G. Percival, Anthony J. Wright, J W. Pickett, A Byrnes
A Giant New Trimerellide Brachiopod From The Wenlock (Early Silurian) Of New South Wales, Australia, Des L. Strusz, Ian G. Percival, Anthony J. Wright, J W. Pickett, A Byrnes
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Keteiodoros bellense n.gen. and n.sp. is a remarkably large trimerellide brachiopod from the Wenlock Dripstone Formation, southeast of Wellington, central New South Wales. The probable articulatory mechanism is unusual for trimerellides. It apparently involved both flattened sections of the lateral commissures which acted as pivots for opening and closing the shell, and a large and strongly modified articulating plate (which partly envelopes a robust dorsal umbo) articulating with the pseudointerarea at the posterior end of the ventral platform. The heavy dorsal umbo probably acted as a counterbalance to the anterior part of the valve; the diductor muscles were apparently attached …
Southern Africa Is Good Place To Research Role Of Fetal Malnutrition In Chronic Diseases, A Rp Walker, K E. Charlton
Southern Africa Is Good Place To Research Role Of Fetal Malnutrition In Chronic Diseases, A Rp Walker, K E. Charlton
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Editor — We are interested in Scrimshaw's allusion to populations in Latin America in his editorial on the relation between fetal malnutrition and chronic disease in later life. There, in the 1960s, despite a high prevalence of low birth weight, the preva lence of atherosclerosis and of myocardial infarction was low.
Ethnicity And Child Mortality In Sub-Saharan Africa, Martin Brockerhoff, Paul C. Hewett
Ethnicity And Child Mortality In Sub-Saharan Africa, Martin Brockerhoff, Paul C. Hewett
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Analysis of recent survey data reveals large differentials in child mortality among ethnic groups in countries throughout sub-Saharan Africa. These disparities correspond with the prominence of specific ethnic groups in the national political economy. In many countries where heads of state since independence have come from one or two ethnic groups-as in Côte d’Ivoire, Kenya, and Niger-these groups have experienced levels of early child mortality at least one-third lower than those of other groups. In other countries where there have been several transitions in state control, as in Ghana and Uganda, descendants of precolonial kingdoms such as Ashanti and Buganda …