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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- United States (10)
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- Animal experimentation (5)
- Clean Air Act (5)
- Glacier National Park (5)
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- Laboratory animals (5)
- National Environmental Policy Act (5)
- Animal research (4)
- Everglades National Park (4)
- Medical research (4)
- NPS (4)
- National Park System (4)
- Clean Water Act (3)
- Endangered Species Act (3)
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- State and local governments (3)
- Wildlife (3)
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- Air pollution (2)
- American culture (2)
- Animal rights (2)
- Animal welfare (2)
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- Bureau of Land Management (2)
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- Customary international law (2)
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- External Development Affecting the National Parks: Preserving "The Best Idea We Ever Had" (September 14-16) (17)
- Experimentation Collection (6)
- Close Up Reports (3)
- Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS (3)
- Conservation Collection (2)
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- Fisheries management papers (2)
- Hunting Collection (2)
- Ontogeny Collection (2)
- Santa Clara Magazine (2)
- USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center (2)
- WKU Archives Records (2)
- All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023 (1)
- Appalink (1)
- Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications (1)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects (1)
- Ecology Collection (1)
- Equines Collection (1)
- Ethology Collection (1)
- Explorations — A Journal of Research (1)
- Faculty Publications (1)
- Intelligence Collection (1)
- Lucille Vinyard Journal Collection (1)
- Masters Theses (1)
- Morality and Ethics of Animal Experimentation Collection (1)
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Articles 31 - 60 of 60
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Effects Of Recreation Specialization And Motivations On The Environmental Setting Preferences Of Backcountry Hikers, Randy J. Virden
The Effects Of Recreation Specialization And Motivations On The Environmental Setting Preferences Of Backcountry Hikers, Randy J. Virden
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
This study explored how recreation specialization and different types of motivations were related to environmental settings preferred by backcountry hikers. A questionnaire was developed that measured the level of hiking specialization, desired psychological outcomes, and preferred environmental setting attributes. Questionnaires were mailed to 619 backcountry hikers from three Intermountain West hiking areas; a response rate of 68 percent was attained.
Results of the study revealed significant associations between the level of hiking specialization and the psychological states desired by backcountry hikers. In general, increased hiking specialization served to increase the importance of specific psychological outcomes such as autonomy, exercise, achievement …
Variations In Radial Maze Performance Under Different Levels Of Food And Water Deprivation, Robert H.I. Dale, William A. Roberts
Variations In Radial Maze Performance Under Different Levels Of Food And Water Deprivation, Robert H.I. Dale, William A. Roberts
Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS
Four groups of rats were tested on an eight-arm radial maze under a free-choice procedure. The subjects were maintained at either 80% or 100% of their preexperimental free-feeding weights through restricted access to either food or water. Water-deprived subjects received water in the maze; food-deprived subjects received food. Water-deprived subjects learned the task faster than food-deprived subjects. The four groups developed different response patterns. These were measured by the mean transition size, the average angular distance (in 45° units) between consecutively chosen arms. Rats foraging for food and water developed different search strategies, with water-deprived subjects exhibiting lower mean transition …
Variation In Piglet Weights: Relationship To Suckling Behavior, Parity Number And Farrowing Crate Design, David Fraser, B. K. Thompson
Variation In Piglet Weights: Relationship To Suckling Behavior, Parity Number And Farrowing Crate Design, David Fraser, B. K. Thompson
Ontogeny Collection
Suckling behavior and weight change of piglets were studied during the first 2 wk after birth. Thirty-six litters comprised a balanced comparison of parity number (first or second), litter size (8, 10 or 12), and two farrowing crate designs, one of which had a low horizontal bar that tended to impede the piglets' access to the udder. Piglets showed the expected preference for the anterior teats although the preference was more apparent in the second parity than in the first. Teat fidelity was most pronounced at the two ends of the udder; piglets occupying the middle positions did more fighting …
Appalink, Appalachian Studies Association
Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 28 Number 3, Winter 1986, Santa Clara University
Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 28 Number 3, Winter 1986, Santa Clara University
Santa Clara Magazine
2 - IS SILICON VALLEY A HOUSE OF CARDS? By Michael S. Malone. A fresh, freewheeling forecast of the future of Silicon Valley.
7 - MOTIVATING CHILDREN TO SUCCEED By Ruth E. Cook. The author suggests some guidelines for helping children who don't work up to their true potential.
11 - IN SEARCH OF HUMANITY By William J. Rewak, S.J. Santa Clara's president explores the university's role in the development of the human person.
16 - LEARNING TO LEAD A photo feature of executives at the beach, engaged in a new and appealing program from the Executive Development Center that …
Spatial And Temporal Response Patterns On The Eight-Arm Radial Maze, Robert H.I. Dale
Spatial And Temporal Response Patterns On The Eight-Arm Radial Maze, Robert H.I. Dale
Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS
Six maze-experienced hooded rats were timed during five trials on which they collected water from all arms of an eight-arm radial maze, then made five more choices. All subjects frequently exhibited a “task-completion pause:” The subjects rarely spent more than 1 sec in the center of the maze between choices until they had entered all eight arms, then stopped in the center of the maze. In contrast, the time spent in each arm gradually increased until all of the water had been obtained, then decreased slightly. Four subjects began every trial by choosing eight consecutive adjacent arms. The task-completion pause …
The Case For Hunting, William L. Robinson
The Case For Hunting, William L. Robinson
Hunting Collection
My purpose at this symposium is to present the case for hunting. I am a wildlife ecologist by training and profession, and I am also a hunter. As a hunter, I am sensitive to criticisms of this pursuit, as any hunter should be. Some people question how, with knowledge of the nature and functioning of ecological systems, I can go out with a gun and kill grouse, ducks, and deer. I respond that, indeed, my understanding of ecology and the nature of man enhances my enjoyment of hunting.
The Case For Hunting On National Wildlife Refuges, Harvey K. Nelson
The Case For Hunting On National Wildlife Refuges, Harvey K. Nelson
Hunting Collection
Public land management agencies are faced with greater challenges today than ever before in responding to the recreational needs of society. As Will Rogers so aptly stated, "Land, they make so little of it nowadays" (Steinhart 1986). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) also must face these challenges in management of national wildlife refuges (NWRs). There is a growing demand by the American people to utilize and enjoy NWRs in a variety of ways. Managers are faced with the dilemma of determining how much and what kind of management and utilization of natural resources is appropriate without compromising the …
Effects Of Early Experience Upon Adaptiveness Of Horses, J. C. Heird, R. W. Bell, S. G. Brazier
Effects Of Early Experience Upon Adaptiveness Of Horses, J. C. Heird, R. W. Bell, S. G. Brazier
Equines Collection
Experimentation with laboratory animals, encompassing the range of usual species (mice, rats, cats, clogs, and primates), has conclusively demonstrated that handling by humans during early life facilitates subsequent development in terms of health and viability, reduced emotional reactivity, more adaptive responses to a variety of stressors (both biological and behavioral adaptations), and increased ability to adapt to changing circumstances as exemplified by increased ability to learn and solve problems (seeM. Bornstein 1985, for recent review).
Two studies (described below) (Heircl et a!. 1981; Whitaker 1982) conducted at Texas Tech University (TTU) have extended these findings regarding the beneficial effects of …
Assault On Eden: Destruction Of Latin America's Rain Forests, Douglas R. Shane
Assault On Eden: Destruction Of Latin America's Rain Forests, Douglas R. Shane
Ecology Collection
In the seemingly distant world of Latin America's rain forests, man's greed and desperation have resulted in a fire which threatens to obscure our ability to observe life's poetry: The continuing destruction of the earth's tropical rain forests is one of the most serious environmental problems confronting humanity today: Intact, these vital organisms offer an understanding of the planet's past and a key to our future; destroyed, they threaten catastrophe of global consequence.
The Case Against The Use Of Animals In Science, Donald J. Barnes
The Case Against The Use Of Animals In Science, Donald J. Barnes
Experimentation Collection
As a scientist long committed to the understanding, prediction, and control of biological, physiological, and behavioral events, I have no objection to the animal as a legitimate focus of science. As a parent, a son, a sibling, and the proud recipient of unconditional positive regard from a few special people, I am vitally interested in matters of health and in the most ethically efficient use of available resources. As a member of a species which has evolved sufficiently to allow the relatively broad perspective of a "web of life" and at least a rudimentary concept of altruism, I have laboriously …
The Case For The Use Of Animals In Science, James A. Will
The Case For The Use Of Animals In Science, James A. Will
Experimentation Collection
Animals are now used extensively in research and teaching, and the appropriateness of their use appears to be questioned. Some people believe that we are in a new era where the animal activists have become much more influential, and that the antagonism between the scientists and these groups is worse than it ever has been. This does not appear to be the case. The preeminence of various influences seems rather cyclic, even perhaps influenced by such things as economic conditions or wars. At present, the question is often asked, "Should we continue to use animals in science?" The real question …
The Cruel Deception, Robert Sharpe
The Cruel Deception, Robert Sharpe
Experimentation Collection
With new legislation to replace the Cruelty to Animals Act 1876 near at hand, the powerful vested interest groups whose profits and livelihood depend on laboratory animals are stepping up their campaigns to ensure the survival of vivisection. Have the benefits really been so great, and can vivisection achieve major advances in our present state of health?
History shows (McKeown 1979) that the real reasons for the dramatic increase in life expectancy since the middle of the last century are improvements in nutrition, living and working conditions, hygiene and sanitation, with medical measures only having a relatively marginal effect. The …
Socialized Vs. Unsocialized Wolves (Canis Lupus) In Experimental Research, Harry Frank, Linda M. Hasselbach, Dawn M. Littleton
Socialized Vs. Unsocialized Wolves (Canis Lupus) In Experimental Research, Harry Frank, Linda M. Hasselbach, Dawn M. Littleton
Experimentation Collection
In the experimental setting human contact is both more frequent and more intimate than in observational research, and the issue therefore assumes even greater importance. The present paper discusses two experimental studies of wolf information processing, one of which was conducted with unsocialized animals and one of which was conducted with socialized animals, and examines the both the management and methodological consequences of these approaches.
Wildlife And Nature Liberation, Michael W. Fox
Wildlife And Nature Liberation, Michael W. Fox
Conservation Collection
Humane ethics--animal welfare--and animal rights are not incompatible with ecologically sound wildlife stewardship. They are an integral part of it, from treating wildlife for necessary research purposes humanely, to finding humane ways to control the populations of species that are out of balance and thus threatening the viability of other species and the diversity and integrity of the ecosystem. That mistakes may be made in stewardshipmanagement policies is inevitable. It is, for instance, difficult to know if the sudden abundance of one or more species and the dwindling of others is part of the natural process of succession and should …
Wildlife Conservation And Animal Rights: Are They Compatible?, Michael Hutchins, Christen Wemmer
Wildlife Conservation And Animal Rights: Are They Compatible?, Michael Hutchins, Christen Wemmer
Conservation Collection
The purpose of this paper is to explore the philosophical tenets of the animal rights/humane ethic as they relate to the environmental ethic and, more specifically, as they relate to wildlife management and conservation. The two ethics will be compared in an effort to identify potential sources of conflict. Recent criticisms of the animal rights ethic, most notably by Fox (1978, 1979), Rodman (1977), Callicott (1980), Gunn (1980), and Hutchins et al. (1982) have identified several major discrepancies. The implications of these differences will be discussed.
Social Ecology And Behavior Of Coyotes, Marc Bekoff, Michael C. Wells
Social Ecology And Behavior Of Coyotes, Marc Bekoff, Michael C. Wells
Ethology Collection
Behavioral patterns are subject to natural selection and behavior like any other attributes of an animal, which contributes to individual survival. The chapter summarizes a long-term study of coyotes that was conducted in the Grand Teton National Park, in the northwest comer of Wyoming. There is remarkable agreement in the results stemming from a limited number of field projects concerned with the social behavior and behavioral ecology of coyotes, and some general principles concerning social ecology, scent marking, predatory behavior, time budgeting, and reproductive and care-giving patterns can be developed that are applicable not only to coyotes but to many …
Alternative To Current Uses Of Animals In Research, Safety Testing, And Education: A Layman's Guide, Martin L. Stephens
Alternative To Current Uses Of Animals In Research, Safety Testing, And Education: A Layman's Guide, Martin L. Stephens
eBooks
No abstract provided.
Hunting And The Evolution Of Human Intelligence: An Alternative View, Maxine Sheets-Johnstone
Hunting And The Evolution Of Human Intelligence: An Alternative View, Maxine Sheets-Johnstone
Intelligence Collection
No abstract provided.
A Pivotal Year For Lab Animal Welfare, Constance Holden
A Pivotal Year For Lab Animal Welfare, Constance Holden
Popular Press Items
Tighter regulations, higher costs, and refined methodologies likely to lead to decreased animal use
Effects Of Dominance/Subordination, Encounter Site And Olfactory Cues On Behavior And Spatial Dynamics Of Male Peromyscus Leucopus Noveboracensis, Janet L. Norcross
Effects Of Dominance/Subordination, Encounter Site And Olfactory Cues On Behavior And Spatial Dynamics Of Male Peromyscus Leucopus Noveboracensis, Janet L. Norcross
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
The Case For The Use Of Animals In Medicine, Gary F. Merrill
The Case For The Use Of Animals In Medicine, Gary F. Merrill
Experimentation Collection
The use of animals in medical research and teaching, and the public concern this has generated is not a new issue (Visscher 1969). Ever since scientists began using animals to investigate the function of the body in health and disease, there have been those who opposed their work (Fishman and Richards 1982). Whether this controversy is cyclic is not known, but most concerned biomedical investigators agree that the opposition is here to stay. The author shares this opinion, and thus maintains that it is in the best interest of all parties to be properly educated on the issues. Only through …
Ethics, Welfare, And Laboratory Animal Management, David J. Allan, Judith K. Blackshaw
Ethics, Welfare, And Laboratory Animal Management, David J. Allan, Judith K. Blackshaw
Experimentation Collection
Animals have been used in medical research from as far back as 129-199 A.D. when Galen, a Greek medical scientist, used a pig for his experiments. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, anatomical dissections were carried out on animals; Galvani used frogs in 1791 for his experiments and the Russian physiologist, Pavlov, carried out his famous dog experiments in the early 1900s. Since this time, large numbers of animals have been used in biomedical and other research. In 1963 the first edition of "The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals" was published, and the United States Public …
Ua35/11 Student Honors Research Bulletin, Wku Honors Program
Ua35/11 Student Honors Research Bulletin, Wku Honors Program
WKU Archives Records
The WKU Student Honors Research Bulletin is dedicated to scholarly involvement and student research. These papers are representative of work done by students from throughout the university.
- Padilla, Anne. First and Second Language Acquisition: A Comparison
- Scott, Angela. Salted and Unsalted Snacks: Taste Preferences of Second Grade Students in a Rural Area School
- Fuqua, Nancy. Acceptance by High School Students of Muffins Containing Supplemental Soy Polysaccharides
- Mans, Glee. Preference Levels of High School Freshmen for Four Cheese Food Products
- Denney, Pam. Consumer Acceptance of UHT Choclate Lowfat Milk
- Harris, Carla. Jacques-Louis David: Raphael of the Sansculottes
- Vaughn, James. Corporate Reorganization …
Lucille Vinyard Journal 1986, Lucille Vinyard
Lucille Vinyard Journal 1986, Lucille Vinyard
Lucille Vinyard Journal Collection
No abstract provided.
Recovery Of Parasite Remains From Coprolites And Latrines: Aspects Of Paleoparasitological Technique, Karl J. Reinhard, Ulisses E. Confalonieri, Bernd Herrmann, Luiz F. Ferreira, Adauto J. G. De Araujo
Recovery Of Parasite Remains From Coprolites And Latrines: Aspects Of Paleoparasitological Technique, Karl J. Reinhard, Ulisses E. Confalonieri, Bernd Herrmann, Luiz F. Ferreira, Adauto J. G. De Araujo
Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications
Standard techniques for the analysis of prehistoric soils have not been devised. It is unlikely that any single technique is applicable to all types of fecal remains. This is due to various environmental conditions which effect the preservation of helminth ova. In general, gravitational sedimentation is a useful technique for isolating helminth eggs and larvae from coprolites. Latrine soils pose greater problems for helminthological examination. Although various clinical techniques have been successfully utilized in soil study, it is important to remember that some latrine soils have not yielded helminth eggs to any clinical technique. Consequently the paleoparasitologist must be ready …
Interactions Between Response Stereotypy And Memory Strategies On The Eight-Arm Radial Maze, Robert H.I. Dale, Nancy K. Innis
Interactions Between Response Stereotypy And Memory Strategies On The Eight-Arm Radial Maze, Robert H.I. Dale, Nancy K. Innis
Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS
Three groups of water-deprived rats collected water from the ends of the 8 arms of an 8-arm radial maze. Sighted subjects, and subjects blinded either with or without pre-enucleation experience on the radial maze, all retrieved the water efficiently. Most of the subjects exhibited the same response stereotypy, regularly choosing 8 adjacent arms of the maze, then stopping in the center of the maze. The strategies underlying this performance were analyzed by interrupting trials and rotating the maze 180° after the subject had made 3 choices. Sighted subjects depended on extramaze stimuli, naive-blind subjects depended on intramaze stimuli and experienced-blind …
The Diachronic Study Of Animal Exploitation At Hesban: The Evolution Of A Research Project, Oystein S. Labianca
The Diachronic Study Of Animal Exploitation At Hesban: The Evolution Of A Research Project, Oystein S. Labianca
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Stress And Anxiety Levels Of Exercising Versus Sedentary Male Adults, Michael James Hanley
Stress And Anxiety Levels Of Exercising Versus Sedentary Male Adults, Michael James Hanley
Masters Theses
The purpose of this study was to compare stress and anxiety levels of exercising and sedentary male adults at Eastern Illinois University in Charleston, Illinois.
Forty-four male adults were selected as subjects for the study. Thirty-two subjects were chosen from an Adult Fitness group and comprised the exercising group. The sedentary group, chosen at random, consisted of twelve staff members who were not currently in a regular exercise program.
The Anxiety Scale Questionnaire developed by the Institute for Personality and Ability Testing (IPAT) was used. Using a provided answer key, a raw score was obtained for each participant. Raw scores …