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Labor Economics

2000

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Articles 1 - 30 of 54

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Elements Of A Service Referral Algorithm For A Frontline Decision Support System For Washington Workfirst, Randall W. Eberts, Christopher J. O'Leary, Wei-Jang Huang Nov 2000

Elements Of A Service Referral Algorithm For A Frontline Decision Support System For Washington Workfirst, Randall W. Eberts, Christopher J. O'Leary, Wei-Jang Huang

Reports

No abstract provided.

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Women's Work And Economic Development, Kristin Mammen, Christina Paxson Oct 2000

Women's Work And Economic Development, Kristin Mammen, Christina Paxson

Publications and Research

Using a cross-country dataset and microdata from India and Thailand, we examine how women's work status changes with economic development. Several clear patterns emerge: women's labor force participation first declines and then rises with development; women move from work in family enterprises to work as paid employees; fertility declines; and gender gaps in education narrow. Women's education levels, and those of their spouses, appear to be important determinants of women's labor market activities. Broad welfare indicators, such as mortality rates and education levels, indicate that women's well-being improves on average with development, both in absolute terms and relative to men.

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Solving The Many Problems With Inner City Jobs, Timothy J. Bartik Oct 2000

Solving The Many Problems With Inner City Jobs, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Inner-city business development is often proposed as a solution to inner-city poverty. However, research evidence suggests that creating new jobs in the inner city is unlikely by itself to significantly increase the employment or earnings of the inner city poor. Public subsidies for inner city business development may be justified by greater environmental, congestion, and fiscal benefits of inner city vs. suburban business location decisions. The research evidence suggests that some boost in inner city business development may be provided by a combination of economic development incentives with enhanced public services. A different set of policies must be used to …

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Why Employers Use Flexible Staffing Arrangements: Evidence From An Establishment Survey, Susan N. Houseman Oct 2000

Why Employers Use Flexible Staffing Arrangements: Evidence From An Establishment Survey, Susan N. Houseman

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper examines which employers use flexible staffing arrangements, why they use these arrangements, and their implications for workers and public policy, drawing on a nationally representative survey of private sector establishments. Use of flexible staffing arrangements-including temporary help agency, short-term, on-call, regular part-time, and contract workers-is widespread and two-thirds of employers believe this use will increase in the near future. Traditional reasons concerning the need to accommodate fluctuations in workload or absences in staff are the most commonly cited reasons for using all types of flexible staffing arrangements. Many employers also use agency temporaries and part-time workers to screen …

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New Directions In Reemployment Policy, Stephen A. Woodbury Oct 2000

New Directions In Reemployment Policy, Stephen A. Woodbury

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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A Review Of Markets For Clean Air: The U.S. Acid Rain Program, Peter Cramton Sep 2000

A Review Of Markets For Clean Air: The U.S. Acid Rain Program, Peter Cramton

Peter Cramton

No abstract provided.

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Group Wage Curves, Timothy J. Bartik Sep 2000

Group Wage Curves, Timothy J. Bartik

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Using panel data on U.S. MSAs, this paper estimates how a typical MSA's wages of different demographic groups, and prices, are affected by overall MSA unemployment, the distribution of unemployment among different groups, and national prices and wages. MSA unemployment has strong effects on MSA wages and prices, but the distribution of unemployment among different groups has weak effects on wages and prices. Using these estimates, simulations show that targeting high-unemployment groups for unemployment reductions will not reduce wage or price inflation pressures. The estimates also show that the effects of MSA unemployment on prices and disadvantaged groups' wages are …

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Identifying And Responding To Skills Shortages, David L. Passmore Aug 2000

Identifying And Responding To Skills Shortages, David L. Passmore

International Vocational Education and Training Association (IVETA) Conference

Skills shortages limit economic growth. Tight labor markets in the United States have highlighted for policy–makers the problems that skills shortages create for the economy. Yet, it is difficult to document and respond to skills shortages. No single, direct measure identifies a skills shortage. Identification requires multiple economic indicators. When skills shortages are identified, prescription of responses to alleviate shortages is equally problematic. Selection of investment in training as one response requires that other factors affecting labor supply and price must be ruled out as contributing causes of shortages.

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Mining Labour Market Information For Use In Developing An It Manpower Predictive Model, Gar-Yun Garry Suen Aug 2000

Mining Labour Market Information For Use In Developing An It Manpower Predictive Model, Gar-Yun Garry Suen

International Vocational Education and Training Association (IVETA) Conference

To improve the information content of the data and to empower knowledge workers of today and tomorrow, the latest “hot” technologies that have emerged on the client/server arena are focused on filtering unnecessary data and presenting the valuable information in a user-friendly, intuitive, and easy to understand way. One of these technologies is data mining. This paper will highlight the significant of discovering meaningful new correlations, patterns, and trends by digging into (mining) large amounts of labour market information (LMI) stored in databases, using artificial-intelligence (AI) and statistical and mathematical techniques. For experimental purpose, a manpower predictive model will be …

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Graph Theory, Job-Labour System And Manpower Planning, Kwai Wing Leung Aug 2000

Graph Theory, Job-Labour System And Manpower Planning, Kwai Wing Leung

International Vocational Education and Training Association (IVETA) Conference

People working in a community can be grouped into clusters of varying education/training background. Flowing of workers between groups is evident, with movement starting from birth and ending to death. Graph theory is applied to denote the system. Analogy to an electric circuit is referred for quick over-viewing and solution. Figures for manpower planning are predicted.

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Adapting The System Of Continuing Vocational Education For The 3rd Industrial Revolution: Experiences From The Swedish Pilot Project With Ave, Mats Lindell Aug 2000

Adapting The System Of Continuing Vocational Education For The 3rd Industrial Revolution: Experiences From The Swedish Pilot Project With Ave, Mats Lindell

International Vocational Education and Training Association (IVETA) Conference

This paper analyses problems associated with adapting the system of continuing vocational education (CVT) to the rapidly changing Swedish labour market. The key question asked in the paper is how CVT is going to adapt to a labour market characterised by a growing ITeconomy. The paper also presents empirical data from the pilot project in Sweden called Advanced Vocational Education. AVE is a new form of post-secondary education designed to meet changing technology and skill requirements. The paper concludes that AVE is a step in the right direction in decreasing the gap between demand and supply.

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The Role Of Public Policy In Skills Development Of Black Workers In The 21st Century, Timothy J. Bartik, Kevin M. Hollenbeck Aug 2000

The Role Of Public Policy In Skills Development Of Black Workers In The 21st Century, Timothy J. Bartik, Kevin M. Hollenbeck

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

This paper discusses the role of public policy in the skills development system of the U.S. It further examines the implications of that policy for the skill development and career progression of black workers. The paper describes the current "system" for skills development in the United States as a two- tiered system: The "first-chance" or conventional system allows individuals to proceed through an extensive public elementary, secondary, and postsecondary educational sector that is supplemented by private educational institutions and is followed by employer-provided job training and work experience. The "second-chance" system is designed for individuals who do not successfully traverse …

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Denied Claims Accuracy Pilot Project: Follow-Up Report, Stephen A. Woodbury, Wayne Vroman Aug 2000

Denied Claims Accuracy Pilot Project: Follow-Up Report, Stephen A. Woodbury, Wayne Vroman

Reports

No abstract provided.

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Assessment Of Kalamazoo County's Education For Employment (Efe) Programs Using 2000 Survey Data, Kevin M. Hollenbeck, Noyna Debburman Aug 2000

Assessment Of Kalamazoo County's Education For Employment (Efe) Programs Using 2000 Survey Data, Kevin M. Hollenbeck, Noyna Debburman

Reports

No abstract provided.

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Affidavit Of Peter Cramton, Peter Cramton Jul 2000

Affidavit Of Peter Cramton, Peter Cramton

Peter Cramton

Comment on deficiency charge in installed capability market. For ISO New England.

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Rising Wage Inequality In Urban Labor Markets, Thomas Hyclak Jul 2000

Rising Wage Inequality In Urban Labor Markets, Thomas Hyclak

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Analysis Of Kaaap Through The 1998/1999 School Year, Kevin M. Hollenbeck, Noyna Debburman Jul 2000

Analysis Of Kaaap Through The 1998/1999 School Year, Kevin M. Hollenbeck, Noyna Debburman

Reports

No abstract provided.

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The Application Of Attitude Functions To The Study Of Job Attitudes, Alistair Macdonald Jul 2000

The Application Of Attitude Functions To The Study Of Job Attitudes, Alistair Macdonald

Graduate Theses

The current research applied the study of attitude functions to the domain of job attitudes. This study hypothesized that the psychological needs behind attitudes towards the organization would moderate the relationships between job attitudes. Forty-eight surveys were used from a sample of 81 faculty members. No significant moderating effects were found. However, a regression analysis found direct relationships between attitude functions and job attitudes. The social-adjustive (SA) function demonstrated a positive significant relationship with affective commitment and normative commitment. The self-esteem-maintenance function (S-E-M) demonstrated a negative significant relationship with affective commitment, normative commitment, and job satisfaction, and a significant positive …

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U.S. Unemployment Insurance: Progress And Prospects, Christopher J. O'Leary Jul 2000

U.S. Unemployment Insurance: Progress And Prospects, Christopher J. O'Leary

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Affidavit Of Peter Cramton, Peter Cramton Jun 2000

Affidavit Of Peter Cramton, Peter Cramton

Peter Cramton

Further comments on energy price cap as a response to design flaws. For ISO New England.

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Affidavit Of Peter Cramton, Peter Cramton Jun 2000

Affidavit Of Peter Cramton, Peter Cramton

Peter Cramton

Comments on energy price cap as a response to design flaws. For ISO New England.

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Conjectural Estimates Of Economic Growth In The Lower South, 1720 To 1800, Peter C. Mancall, Joshua L. Rosenbloom, Thomas Weiss Jun 2000

Conjectural Estimates Of Economic Growth In The Lower South, 1720 To 1800, Peter C. Mancall, Joshua L. Rosenbloom, Thomas Weiss

Joshua L. Rosenbloom

This paper describes the first step in a larger project to build up regional estimates of economic growth before 1800 in the parts of North America that became the United States. In it we employ the method of conjectural estimation to develop new estimates of the rate of economic growth in the Lower South (modern day North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Tennessee) from 1720 to 1800 for both colonists and the Native American population of the region. Contrary to the widely held view that GDP per capita grew at a rate of 0.3 to 0.6 percent per year during …

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Affidavit Of Peter Cramton, Peter Cramton May 2000

Affidavit Of Peter Cramton, Peter Cramton

Peter Cramton

Comments on installed capability market. For ISO New England.

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Collusive Bidding: Lessons From The Fcc Spectrum Auctions, Peter Cramton, Jesse Schwartz May 2000

Collusive Bidding: Lessons From The Fcc Spectrum Auctions, Peter Cramton, Jesse Schwartz

Peter Cramton

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) spectrum auctions use a simultaneous ascending auction design. Bidders bid on numerous communication licenses simultaneously, with bidding remaining open on all licenses until no bidder is willing to bid higher on any license. With full revelation of bidding information, simultaneous open bidding allows bidders to send messages to their rivals, telling them on which licenses to bid and which to avoid. These strategies can help bidders coordinate a division of the licenses, and enforce the proposed division by directed punishments. We explore the extent that bidders signaled each other with retaliating bids in recent FCC …

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Collusive Bidding: Lessons From The Fcc Spectrum Auctions, Peter Cramton, Jesse Schwartz Apr 2000

Collusive Bidding: Lessons From The Fcc Spectrum Auctions, Peter Cramton, Jesse Schwartz

Jesse A. Schwartz

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) spectrum auctions use a simultaneous ascending auction design. Bidders bid on numerous communication licenses simultaneously, with bidding remaining open on all licenses until no bidder is willing to bid higher on any license. With full revelation of bidding information, simultaneous open bidding allows bidders to send messages to their rivals, telling them on which licenses to bid and which to avoid. These strategies can help bidders coordinate a division of the licenses, and enforce the proposed division by directed punishments. We explore the extent that bidders signaled each other with retaliating bids in recent FCC …

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Trends. Altruism As Egoism In International Trade Policy: Some Strange Bedfellows, Ibpp Editor Apr 2000

Trends. Altruism As Egoism In International Trade Policy: Some Strange Bedfellows, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the tenuous nature of political cooperation between advocates of trade unionism and environmentalism.

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Affidavit Of Peter Cramton, Peter Cramton Apr 2000

Affidavit Of Peter Cramton, Peter Cramton

Peter Cramton

Comments on one-part vs. three-part bidding in energy market. For ISO New England.

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Employment-Related Child Care Issues: What We Know And What We Do Not, Jean Kimmel Apr 2000

Employment-Related Child Care Issues: What We Know And What We Do Not, Jean Kimmel

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Older Workers: An Essential Resource For Massachusetts, Peter B. Doeringer, Andrew Sum, David Terkla, Commonwealth Of Massachusetts, Blue Ribbon Commission On Older Workers Apr 2000

Older Workers: An Essential Resource For Massachusetts, Peter B. Doeringer, Andrew Sum, David Terkla, Commonwealth Of Massachusetts, Blue Ribbon Commission On Older Workers

Gerontology Institute Publications

The Massachusetts Jobs Council, the Governor’s principal advisory board on workforce development, established the Blue Ribbon Commission on Older Workers in 1997 to analyze the labor market for older workers in the Commonwealth and to recommend policies to improve the economic status of the older labor force. The Commission held numerous hearings, town meetings, and focus groups to solicit the views of older workers, employers, labor organizations, and training professionals, and it reviewed the findings of extensive research on older workers in Massachusetts.

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Employment As A "Solution" To Welfare: Challenges Over The Next Ten Years, Timothy J. Bartik Apr 2000

Employment As A "Solution" To Welfare: Challenges Over The Next Ten Years, Timothy J. Bartik

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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