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Articles 1 - 30 of 145
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Deforestation In Brazil’S Amazon And The Effects On Its Position In International Politics, Jeb Hinkle
Deforestation In Brazil’S Amazon And The Effects On Its Position In International Politics, Jeb Hinkle
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
Latin America is a land of potential for economic growth, the expansion of democracy, and international political influence. The United States has historically had political and economic influence in the region; however, Latin American nations have long seen the United States as imperialists, only serving their own interest at the expense of smaller Latin nations. As China’s global ambitions grow, many Latin American nations have turned towards the Chinese for investment and trade. The United States needs to combat China’s influence and the nations of Latin America wish to build a better future for themselves. The solution is strategic partnership …
Preserving Faith Amidst Disruption: The Impact Of Obama And Biden’S Woke Foreign Policy On Christian Values In Africa And Its Effect On American Democracy Promotion, Christophe Mwungura
Preserving Faith Amidst Disruption: The Impact Of Obama And Biden’S Woke Foreign Policy On Christian Values In Africa And Its Effect On American Democracy Promotion, Christophe Mwungura
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
In May 2023, Uganda enacted a law criminalizing homosexuality. The Ugandan parliament and President Yoweri Museveni defended the enactment of this law, arguing that homosexuality directly violates Ugandan cultural norms and Biblical doctrines. In response to this legislative action, the United States immediately condemned the law and threatened to withdraw the U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), along with other forms of assistance and investments. Despite this, many Ugandans, supported by their leaders, publicly expressed their willingness to accept the aid suspension rather than repeal the law. This article will examine the promotion of LGBTQ rights in Africa, …
Navigating The Threat Posed By The Chinese Communist Party, Adam Opp
Navigating The Threat Posed By The Chinese Communist Party, Adam Opp
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
For decades, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the economic growth of China has become a threat to the United States. Beginning in 1978, the CCP issued a series of economic, market-oriented reforms which led to a period of economic growth and productivity increase in China. The CCP turned to diplomacy with the United States and other nations to increase foreign investment and implemented the Belt and Road initiative. The impressive scale of Chinese economic growth poses an economic and hegemonic threat to the United States, as China’s economy is projected to outpace the United States and the CCP has …
Mediterranean Security: Italian, United States, Nato, And North African National Interests From A Geopolitical Perspective, Mary Prentice, Umberto Bosna, Kueth Yul
Mediterranean Security: Italian, United States, Nato, And North African National Interests From A Geopolitical Perspective, Mary Prentice, Umberto Bosna, Kueth Yul
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
This paper discusses important international issues related to the region of the Mediterranean Sea particularly focusing on Italy and North African security issues. Security and stability issues were researched. This region is interconnected through important geo-economic issues such as the gas pipelines that supply Italy with methane gas pass through the seabed of the Mediterranean Sea, connecting North Africa with Italy and the whole of Europe. In particular there are the gas pipelines that from Libya and Tunisia, across the Mediterranean Sea, arrive in Italy, supplying the entire nation with methane gas at a good price. Italy has promoted the …
The 5 Disruptions, Anthony Hughes
The 5 Disruptions, Anthony Hughes
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
The end of GWOT, coupled with Russian failures in Ukraine, has created an uncertain strategic environment—similar to the environment after WWI. The Great War aftermath created a power vacuum exploited by rising powers—likewise, the GWOT and Russian aftermath has created a new multi-polar environment with a new actors competing to revise the balance of power. The emerging era is a Great Power competition marked by competitions between powers across different venues to accrue status relative to their competitors. After WWI, 5 Disruptions emerged to reshape the balance of power between states. These disruptions were: diplomatic, technical, military, economic and social. …
Capitalism In Europe Vs. Latin America, Brandy Mace, Lucas E. Mainhart, Caleb Edwards, Dayton Lamb, Jesus Herrera-Herrera
Capitalism In Europe Vs. Latin America, Brandy Mace, Lucas E. Mainhart, Caleb Edwards, Dayton Lamb, Jesus Herrera-Herrera
ATU Research Symposium
Focusing on the years 1995 to 2023, what are the universal traits of capitalism versus the more varying or flexible traits, as demonstrated by comparing European and Latin American practices of capitalism. For the country comparisons, researchers have agreed on 3 common variables to evaluate the capitalist practices of a Latin American country with a European one. These shared variables are 1) The power of the country's currency, 2) The informal versus formal employment of the labor force, as well as unemployment rate, and 3) The income gap between the rich and poor. Each researcher will also include 1-3 additional …
Christian Nukes: The Effects Of Christian Ethics On Support For Nuclear Strikes, Jack Jogerst
Christian Nukes: The Effects Of Christian Ethics On Support For Nuclear Strikes, Jack Jogerst
Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium
Over the last several decades, constructivist and realist scholars of international relations have acknowledged the empirical holes in deterrence theory and debated the conditions contributing to the non-use of nuclear weapons since 1945. While constructivists have argued that a strong norm of non-use has constrained state behavior through a logic of appropriateness, realist scholars have contended that a logic of consequences prevents their utilization. In the last decade, a wave of survey experiments have measured the validity of these theories. Though these studies generally seem to reaffirm the realist perspective, the literature largely overlooks the micro-level variables that might be …
Reconciling Women, Peace, And Security And Conflict Transformation Through Conflict Transformation Education In Afghan Refugee Communities, Ava Strasser
Peace and Conflict Studies Journal Conference
This research seeks to understand how conflict transformation can be furthered by the inclusion of women in peace processes, as affirmed by the Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda, through engagement with Conflict Transformation Education (CTE). This intervention proposes a community-centered CTE workshop in Afghan refugee communities in Pakistan, following the efforts of displaced Afghan women in conducting community peace efforts, including running schools within and outside refugee camps and the provision of humanitarian aid (Rostami-Povey, 2007; “The Future,” 2021). As such, displaced Afghan women and girls have played a critical role in peace processes and are uniquely positioned at …
Economics Over All: How Neoliberalism Affects Our Paradigms Of Identity And Relationships In The 21st Century, Richard R. Murphy
Economics Over All: How Neoliberalism Affects Our Paradigms Of Identity And Relationships In The 21st Century, Richard R. Murphy
2023 Symposium
Not much is more heavily debated in the realm of social sciences than the phenomenon of Neoliberalism. Philosophers and academics alike, from the lectures by Michel Foucault in the latter half of the 20th century, to the publications of David Harvey and Wendy Brown today, the only constant is that Neoliberalism is a complex and nuanced system of internal governmentality. These fundamental changes to our paradigms trigger an evolved adaptively plastic mechanism that regulates our inclusive and exclusive moralities. By analyzing the mechanic structure of Neoliberalism and how it changes our paradigms of identity and relations, we may begin to …
The Ineffectiveness Of The U.S. Strategy For Countering Terrorism In Iraq And Syria, Ann Mullins
The Ineffectiveness Of The U.S. Strategy For Countering Terrorism In Iraq And Syria, Ann Mullins
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
This research paper will explore the strategies of the U.S. when it comes to counterterrorism measures in the Middle East. It will also be exploring the aspects of the strategy that have been ineffective and counterproductive. The current U.S. Counterterrorism strategy in Iraq and Syria is counterproductive to its defined objectives in light of several fundamental elements: the significant U.S. military presence in the region, ineffectual U.S. security programs, and robust financial backing of ISIS by state sponsors of terrorism. The primary sources used throughout this research are listed the following: the Center for Strategic and International Studies, the Department …
The Future Of Integrated Air And Missile Defense (Iamd) Against China, Carl Rehberg
The Future Of Integrated Air And Missile Defense (Iamd) Against China, Carl Rehberg
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
Over the last two decades, China's People's Liberation Army Rocket Force (PLARF) and other PLA entities have provided the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) with a complex array of offensive capabilities, focused primarily on the U.S., allies, and partners in the Pacific. There has been explosive growth in ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, supersonic cruise missiles, hypersonic weapons, HGVs, and other threats. These salvo attacks are explicitly designed to attack theater air bases, seaports, and other facilities critical to U.S. military operations. These PLA weapon systems undermine U.S. security assurances with its allies and partners. They could incentivize China to strike first …
The Future Of The Cyber Theater Of War, Elizabeth Cook
The Future Of The Cyber Theater Of War, Elizabeth Cook
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
Few could imagine how it would develop when the air was the new theater of war. The literature showcases that a lack of imagination and state-level institutionalized power structures, particularly in the U.S., hampered the progress of air as a new theater of war both in thought and application. Today, a similar lack of imagination on the cyber theater of war is a great source of insecurity in the world system; it sets the stage for strategic shocks like the ones to the U.S. on December 7, 1941, and 9/11. To avoid this, states should imagine how a convergence of …
Middle Eastern Defense: The Role Of The Abraham Accords, Graciela H Phillipps
Middle Eastern Defense: The Role Of The Abraham Accords, Graciela H Phillipps
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
Defense organization in the Middle East North Africa (MENA) region has been historically fraught with instability and conflict, rooted in tensions ranging from centuries-old religious disputes to modern geopolitical power struggles. However, two years ago deep-seated status quos in the area were challenged and successfully overcome through the drafting and signage of agreements in which Arab nations normalized ties with the nation of Israel, popularly known as the Abraham Accords. The Accords emphasized the mutual desire for peace and prosperity in MENA between signees with a pointed reference to maintaining security in the traditionally volatile region. These pivotal feats of …
U.S. Involvement Of Water Sanitation In El Salvador, Emilio Lau
U.S. Involvement Of Water Sanitation In El Salvador, Emilio Lau
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
No abstract provided.
An Analysis Of Us Energy Policy Within A Shifting Geopolitical Landscape, Rodney Ford
An Analysis Of Us Energy Policy Within A Shifting Geopolitical Landscape, Rodney Ford
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
Through numerous policy initiatives and a catalogue of antagonistic rhetoric, the Biden administration has made it clear since January of 2021 that America will be last when it comes to energy policy. As the rest of the world pursues far-fetched goals to eliminate fossil fuels and usher in the era of green energy, the administration has actively sought to conform to these goals at the expense of the American taxpayer. The issue of climate change, undeniably an issue indeed, will prove itself to be a hallmark of the Biden White House as everything from the tightening of ESG policies to …
The Global Reach Of China’S Economy, Jillian Fournier
The Global Reach Of China’S Economy, Jillian Fournier
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
The People’s Republic of China (PRC) has been establishing an edge over its competitors through its long-term strategic rise to power. The process of pursuing avenues for soft power and economic influence allows China to increase its presence in the global economy. The Belt and Road Initiative is an example of China’s economic development. This plan targets new trade routes and grows the economic reach of China through providing loans to underdeveloped regions. The process of investing in infrastructure around the world and providing financing leads to these countries becoming tied to China on an economic level. The competition between …
Ambitions Of Chinese Hegemony: An Analysis Of The Hundred-Year Marathon, Ruben Frivold
Ambitions Of Chinese Hegemony: An Analysis Of The Hundred-Year Marathon, Ruben Frivold
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
This is a book review and analysis of "The Hundred-Year Marathon" by Michael Pillsbury.
Unequal Democracies: Economic Sanctions' Impact On Human Rights In Democratic Systems, Daniel Partin
Unequal Democracies: Economic Sanctions' Impact On Human Rights In Democratic Systems, Daniel Partin
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
In the past, research into the field of human rights has treated regime as a dichotomous variable and divided the type of governmental structure into either autocracies or democracies. By lumping all democracies into one category, all variation between different categories of governmental composition is discarded and it is difficult to examine the differences between types of democratic governments and their human rights capacities. Due to their tendency to accrete power centrally, presidential democracies are thought to repress the rights of citizens more often and severely than parliamentary systems. Further, an exogenous shock to the political system, such as the …
316 - How A Student's Demographics Influences Their Knowledge Of Global Affairs, Emily Schofield
316 - How A Student's Demographics Influences Their Knowledge Of Global Affairs, Emily Schofield
GREAT Day Posters
Through examining the intersection of identities of the public and global affairs, we can better understand the public's knowledge to advance policy and actions directly applicable to the constituency by state or non-state actors. Through my research in the McNair Program, I have focused on the demographics of students in relation to their knowledge and understanding of global affairs by examining their backgrounds, interests, and involvement within student life.
China's Public Diplomacy Philosophy, Logan Webb
China's Public Diplomacy Philosophy, Logan Webb
ATU Research Symposium
China has become a giant in the globalized world in such a short period of time. This led me to the research question, “What is China’s public diplomacy philosophy?” Using a textual analysis of major geopolitical events that China is involved in (The Belt and Road Initiative, the South China Sea dispute, Uyghur imprisonment, and the Hong Kong government takeover) and the history of China since the Chinese Civil War, it becomes apparent that the country uses the concept of hard and soft power for its public diplomacy. If a country is not receptive to China or its intended actions, …
A Qualitative Analysis Of The Relationship Between Cyberthreats And Democratic Backsliding, Amy I. Browning
A Qualitative Analysis Of The Relationship Between Cyberthreats And Democratic Backsliding, Amy I. Browning
Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase
Interstate conflict has developed beyond conventional tactics to include the cyber realm, making cybersecurity a key component of international relations and an integral part of state defense plans. Research in international security has included the analyses of the relative success or failures of particular cyberattacks. However, the instigators behind these attacks receive comparatively little attention, leaving a gap in knowledge for when, why, and where cyberthreats are likely to emerge. Recent analysis has found that democratic institutions are likely to hinder state-sponsored cyberattack initiation. A consideration that the latest wave of global democratic backsliding could be fueling cyberthreats must be …
Implementation Of A Marshall-Style Plan For Africa As Part Of U.S. Development Policy And Foreign Assistance, Joselle Mensah, Jeanie Thies
Implementation Of A Marshall-Style Plan For Africa As Part Of U.S. Development Policy And Foreign Assistance, Joselle Mensah, Jeanie Thies
2023 Student Academic Showcase
The purpose of this proposal project is to evaluate current U.S. development policy and foreign assistance, with a specific emphasis on Africa. Recent research indicates that the original Marshall Plan, implemented in 1948 to rebuild postwar Europe through economic aid, provides a framework for future development policies. In order to successfully foster long-term establishment of democratic structures and economic prosperity, this study design, a natural experiment, focuses on pre-selected African countries, studying the implementation of a Marshall-style Plan for Africa. The findings are to be examined in an in-depth analysis and will conclude to what degree U.S. development policy ought …
The Philippines And The World: Which Country Do Filipinos Trust More And Why, Mark Gabriel Wagan Aguilar
The Philippines And The World: Which Country Do Filipinos Trust More And Why, Mark Gabriel Wagan Aguilar
Graduate Research Conference (GSIS)
Agreements between and among countries have been going on for centuries for the purpose of trade, security, employment, and peace among others, however, changes on these agreements do happen, for instance, when a new President gets elected and see a different direction for his/her country. When President Rodrigo Duterte became President of the Philippines in 2016, he have made it clear that he doesn't trust the United States of America, while expressing preference in working with China, in fact, in his 6 year term, he has never step foot on the country for an official visit, however, a new perspective …
Public Diplomacy And Foreign Policy Analysis In The 21st Century: Navigating Uncertainty Through Digital Power And Influence, Amber Brittain-Hale
Public Diplomacy And Foreign Policy Analysis In The 21st Century: Navigating Uncertainty Through Digital Power And Influence, Amber Brittain-Hale
Graduate Research Conference (GSIS)
In an era defined by digital networks and geopolitical risk, public diplomacy is gaining traction for global leaders to address uncertainty. This paper investigates the use of decentralized politics in public discourse and its implications for leadership. Individual global actors have increased public diplomatic efforts as a focus due to political uncertainty, particularly since 2016. The case of Ukraine and its President Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelenskyy's use of digital and public diplomacy in the conflict with Russia emphasizes the importance of looking at individual actor impacts in international relations rather than just states. The study should concentrate on how digital …
Choices For U.S. Contributions To Nato: Stability Policing In The Age Of Multi-Domain Operations, Nathan M. Colvin
Choices For U.S. Contributions To Nato: Stability Policing In The Age Of Multi-Domain Operations, Nathan M. Colvin
Graduate Research Conference (GSIS)
The United States Army claims they are a “force out of position” and must transform for large-scale combat operations (LSCO). The current narrative toward LSCO warfighting comes at the expense of lessons hard-won over decades of small wars and stability operations. The focus on LSCO is an oversimplification of the complexity and ambiguity of the future operating environment. The Army is trading clarity of narrative at the expense of a force balanced for both LSCO and non-LSCO operations. LSCO perspective assumes a worst-case scenario of war over more likely scenarios of continuous disruptions across a spectrum of conflict, which may …
Ddr, Cassandra Jagroop
Ddr, Cassandra Jagroop
Graduate Research Conference (GSIS)
Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR) has been a facet of post-conflict resolution since the 1980s. DDR seeks to address a wide range of issues varying from security to human rights, law, elections, and governance. One of the major issues arising from a conflict region are armed groups involved in the fighting and how to handle them. These armed groups represent the deep insecurity and lack of faith the population has in the state mechanism (Rondeau 2011, 654), thus in order to move ahead in the post-conflict situation the issue of armed groups needs to be tackled. The evolution of warfare …
On Whose Grounds? The Legality And Morality Of Humanitarian Intervention, Paul Pepi
On Whose Grounds? The Legality And Morality Of Humanitarian Intervention, Paul Pepi
Graduate Research Conference (GSIS)
This article will be broken into four separate parts. The first section will be whether or not there were legitimate legal grounds for the humanitarian intervention broadly. The second section will explore the moral justifications of humanitarian intervention and attempt to distinguish between cases that had a legitimate moral justification for the decision to militarily invade. That being said, there are no certain immoral thresholds for a crisis to reach that immediately prompts humanitarian intervention. The crimes against humanity in Bosnia and Herzegovina paled in comparison to that of the Rwandan genocide; however, humanitarian intervention was practiced far quicker and …
Russia-Ukrainian War 2022: Battle Of Hostomel, Arthur Borsuk
Russia-Ukrainian War 2022: Battle Of Hostomel, Arthur Borsuk
Graduate Research Conference (GSIS)
On February 24, 2022, the Russian Federation began the active phase of a full-scale invasion of the territory of sovereign Ukraine. This invasion was preceded by the recognition of the independence of the quasi-republics in the occupied territories of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions (located in the east of Ukraine) and the introduction of a large group of troops into their territory. The invasion began with a massive missile and air strike against critical infrastructure, military units, civilian facilities and air defense positions. At the same time, the ground troops of the Russian Federation crossed the border in all border …
Reputation: An Analysis Of How Reputation Influenced United States Presidents In Foreign Policy, Casey Reca
Reputation: An Analysis Of How Reputation Influenced United States Presidents In Foreign Policy, Casey Reca
Graduate Research Conference (GSIS)
How did the United States president's perception of the US's reputation influence that administration's foreign policy? Using empirical evidence to demonstrate how the president's perception of the country's reputation influences that leader's foreign policy, this paper will examine the presidencies of President Jimmy Carter, President Ronald Reagan, President George W. Bush, and President Barack Obama. This paper will also investigate how these presidents attempted to build upon the American reputation. The research suggests that the perception of the US's reputation has influenced these presidents to become more insistent in their attempts to out-maneuver their predecessors. Presidents have done so through …
The Colonial Origins Of Institutions In Mauritanina, Mahfoudha Sidelemine
The Colonial Origins Of Institutions In Mauritanina, Mahfoudha Sidelemine
Graduate Research Conference (GSIS)
This paper examines and evaluates the state of development in Mauritania, a former French colony in West Africa. The drivers of (under)development that the paper focuses on are institutions. By focusing on institutions as the main factors that determine the development process of the country, I also focus on the colonial origins of institutions. Hence, in this paper, I draw on Acemoglu and colleagues’ argument on the origin of colonial origins of institutions as they identify two types of colonial institutions—Inclusive and Exclusive (Acemoglu et.al.2001). However, in this research, I argue that there is a third type of institution the …