Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Book Review: Jakarta: Drawing The City Near, Daniel N. Warshawsky

Geography Faculty Publications

In Jakarta: Drawing the City Near, AbdouMaliq Simone has produced another insightful work which highlights the innovation, ingenuity, and dynamism of people living in cities.

Beyond Bivariate Correlations: Three-Block Partial Least Squares Illustrated With Vegetation, Soil, And Topography, Daehyun Kim, Thomas J. Dewitt, Cesar S. B. Costa, John A. Kupfer, Ryan W. Mcewan, J. Anthony Stallins

Geography Faculty Publications

Ecologists, particularly those engaged in biogeomorphic studies, often seek to connect data from three or more domains. Using three-block partial least squares regression, we present a procedure to quantify and define bi-variance and tri-variance of data blocks related to plant communities, their soil parameters, and topography. Bi-variance indicates the total amount of covariation between these three domains taken in pairs, whereas tri-variance refers to the common variance shared by all domains. We characterized relationships among three domains (plant communities, soil properties, topography) for a salt marsh, four coastal dunes, and two temperate forests spanning several regions in the world. We …

The Perpetual Uncertainty Of Civil Society: Case Study Of An Anti-Hunger Organization In South Africa, Daniel N. Warshawsky

Geography Faculty Publications

South Africa has one of the most active civil societies in the world, with more than 85,000 registered civil society organizations (CSOs). However, the growth of CSOs in post-apartheid South Africa does not necessarily imply that the sector is strong. While it is true that the demise of the apartheid regime increased democratic representation within South Africa, CSOs have experienced a series of institutional challenges which have weakened their organizational stability. This has included increased oversight by the state, inefficient and inconsistent funding from government, fickle demands by private donors, and competition from other sectors. Through an in-depth case study …

The Veil, Desire, And The Gaze: Turning The Inside Out, Banu Gökarıksel, Anna Secor

Geography Faculty Publications

In psychoanalytically inflected scholarship, the veil is often understood to remove women from the field of the gaze. Our analysis offers a different understanding of the interplay between the veil, the gaze, and the subject by showing that the veil in fact is visible and that this visibility and its governance are part of the formation of pious, desiring subjects. The question of the gaze is especially pertinent to what we call “veiling fashion” (that is, stylish combinations of the headscarf with a range of clothing items, which variably adhere to an Islamic code of modesty). In 2009 we conducted …

Cyberspace Knowledge Gaps And Boundaries In Sustainability Science: Topics, Regions, Editorial Teams And Journals, Stanley D. Brunn

Geography Faculty Publications

The scholarly world of sustainability science is one that is international and interdisciplinary, but is one, on close reading of research contributions, editoral teams, journal citations, and geographic coverage, that has much unevenness. The focus of this paper is on the cyberspace boundaries between and within fields and disciplines studying sustainability; these boundaries separate knowledge gaps or uneven patterns in sustainability scholarship. I use the volume of hyperlinks on Google Search Engine and Google Scholar to illustrate the nature and extent of the boundaries in cyberspace that exist and also the subject and geographic gaps in the home countries of …

Big Data, Social Physics, And Spatial Analysis: The Early Years, Trevor J. Barnes, Matthew W. Wilson

Geography Faculty Publications

This paper examines one of the historical antecedents of Big Data, the social physics movement. Its origins are in the scientific revolution of the 17th century in Western Europe. But it is not named as such until the middle of the 19th century, and not formally institutionalized until another hundred years later when it is associated with work by George Zipf and John Stewart. Social physics is marked by the belief that large-scale statistical measurement of social variables reveals underlying relational patterns that can be explained by theories and laws found in natural science, and physics in particular. This larger …

An Indirect Method For Predicting Road Surface Temperature In Coastal Areas With Snowy Winters, Jason Covert, Robert Hellström

Geography Faculty Publications

In places that experience snow and ice, road clearing and deicing operations are a necessity to ensure that road networks remain open and safe for travel. Such operations, however, are costly to both taxpayers and the environment making it all the more important that they are used in an efficient manner. Efficient use of road treatment resources takes experience on the part of the road network manager as well as access to reliable road surface temperature (RST) data which are used to determine when roads are conducive to snow and ice accumulation. On major roads and highways, road surface temperature …

Sustaining And Realizing The Promise Of Telemedicine, Rashid L. Bashshur, Gary Shannon, Elizabeth A. Krupinski, Jim Grigsby

Geography Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Establishment And Reterritorialization Of Planning Districts In South Dakota As A Response To Economic Challenges, George W. White, Robert H. Watrel

Geography Faculty Publications

Rural areas in South Dakota have been experiencing population decline over the last forty years. This has reduced tax revenues of small town and cities, in turn reducing the abilities of local governments to provide services. The concurrent rise in federal monies and federal policies has caused many local communities to reterritorialize into planning districts that are quasi-government in nature. These planning districts bring together the resources and talents of local communities to obtain much needed federal monies through grants. This is an examination of this process and its effects within South Dakota.

Situating Neogeography, Matthew W. Wilson, Mark Graham

Geography Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Augmented Realities And Uneven Geographies: Exploring The Geolinguistic Contours Of The Web, Mark Graham, Matthew Zook

Geography Faculty Publications

This paper analyzes the digital dimensions of places as represented by online, geocoded references to the economic, social, and political experiences of the city. These digital layers are invisible to the naked eye, but form a central component of the augmentations and mediations of place enabled by hundreds of millions of mobile computing devices and other digital technologies. The analysis highlights how these augmentations of place differ across space and language and highlights both the differences and some of the causal factors behind them. This is performed through a global study of all online content indexed within Google Maps, and …

Political Applications Of The Geoweb: Citizen Redistricting, Jeremy W. Crampton

Geography Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Networks Of European Cities In Worlds Of Global Economic And Environmental Change, Stanley D. Brunn, Lomme Devriendt, Andrew Boulton, Ben Derudder, Frank Witlox

Geography Faculty Publications

Geographers have a long tradition of classifying cities using a number of criteria. Population size, industrial production, capital city functions, airline connections, sites of sporting events and major headquarters and banks are among them. While these studies are useful in looking at cities in an economy and population at a given point of time, they are less useful in assessing rapidly occurring changes within a regional or global system. Our research represents a new approach to classify cities and urban systems; we use the volume and networks/linkages or flows associated with electronic Information or “Knowledge worlds.” We argue that in …

Evaluation Of Forest Snow Processes Models (Snowmip2), N. Rutter, R. Essery, J. Pomeroy, N. Altimir, K. Andreadis, I. Baker, A. Barr, P. Bartlett, A. Boone, H. Deng, H. Douville, E. Dutra, K. Elder, C. Ellis, X. Feng, A. Gelfan, A. Goodbody, Y. Gusev, D. Gustafsson, Robert Hellström, Y. Hirabayashi, T. Hirota, T. Jonas, V. Koren, A. Kuragina, D. Lettenmaier, W. P. Li, C. Luce, E. Martin, O. Nasonova, J. Pumpanen, R. D. Pyles, P. Samuelsson, M. Sandells, G. Schadler, A. Shmakin, T. G. Smirnova, M. Stahli, R. Stockli, U. Strasser, H. Su, K. Suzuki, K. Takata, K. Tanaka, E. Thompson, T. Vesala, P. Viterbo, A. Wiltshire, K. Xia, Y. Xue

Geography Faculty Publications

Thirty-three snowpack models of varying complexity and purpose were evaluated across a wide range of hydrometeorological and forest canopy conditions at five Northern Hemisphere locations, for up to two winter snow seasons. Modeled estimates of snow water equivalent (SWE) or depth were compared to observations at forest and open sites at each location. Precipitation phase and duration of above-freezing air temperatures are shown to be major influences on divergence and convergence of modeled estimates of the subcanopy snowpack. When models are considered collectively at all locations, comparisons with observations show that it is harder to model SWE at forested sites …

Vulnerability And The Erosion Of Seismic Culture In Mountainous Central Asia, Sarah J. Halvorson, Jennifer Parker Hamilton

Geography Faculty Publications

Vulnerability to earthquake disasters in mountainous regions frequently escapes investigation and analysis. The tragic and costly earthquake disasters that have recently occurred in Central Asia have spurred important questions among local, regional, and international policymakers, scientists, and social activists regarding the root causes of earthquake vulnerability. Drawing on an analysis of recent earthquake disasters in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, this article explores the concept of “seismic culture” (Degg and Homan 2005) in relation to vulnerability. Specifically, it argues that diminishing levels of indigenous hazard knowledge, demographic shifts, gendered livelihood transformations, and the lack of public access to science- based …

The 2005 Kashmir Earthquake: A Perspective On Women's Experiences, Jennifer Parker Hamilton, Sarah Halvorson

Geography Faculty Publications

The 2005 Kashmir Earthquake is illustrative of the intensity and scope associated with catastrophic earthquake disasters in mountainous regions. The experience of the immediate aftermath, relief and recovery, and community reconstruction underscores how this event impacted mountain women, particularly in their roles in rescue and relief efforts and in rebuilding households and communities. A situational analysis was undertaken in order to document and make recommendations for the significant challenges and concerns facing women earthquake survivors in 3 of the valleys most proximate to the epicenter. Earthquake planning and mitigation strategies in northern Pakistan and elsewhere need to focus on reducing …

A Historical Geography Of Lake Kampeska In The City Of Watertown, South Dakota, Joanita M. Kant

Geography Faculty Publications

Many alterations in the hydrology of Lake Kampeska began with the arrival of masses of Anglo settlers in the 1870s. Why the lake has been altered is a complex issue linked to various natural physical processes which would have occurred even without the introduction of those settlers into the ecosystem. Those processes include weather, climate, sedimentation rates, lakebank erosion, chemical and mineral transport from soils, and flooding, among others. Besides those natural physical processes, mankind’s cultural processes have been at work. Disturbances in the lake’s hydrology are linked to land use changes associated with cultural values, such as the introduction …

Freight Transport, Seamlessness, And Competitive Advantage In The Global Economy, Cristina Capineri, Thomas R. Leinbach

Geography Faculty Publications

Freight transport has emerged as one of the most critical and dynamic aspects of the transport sector where change has become the norm. It is now the main element supporting global commodity and more generally supply chains. Yet the lack of seamlessness and inefficiencies in general as well as the rising costs and complexities of shipping and delivering goods are adding to profit pressures faced by manufacturers across the globe. Our paper first discusses the concept of seamlessness, and then examines some of the consequences of the lack of seamlessness in terms of freight transport inefficiencies. We then begin to …

"Placing" Health Risks In The Karakoram: Local Perceptions Of Disease, Dependency, And Social Change In Northern Pakistan, Sarah Halvorson

Geography Faculty Publications

This article examines local perceptions of health risks in a mountain community in the Karakoram of Northern Pakistan. Specifically, it aims to show how the tremendous social and economic transformations taking place in this region are experienced and understood by the people most affected by them. The case study draws from ethnographic data collected through a range of methods, including personal narratives, focus groups, interviews, household surveys, conversations, and participant observations. Central to this analysis is the role that social change plays in mediating and shaping residents’ worries, and perceived vulnerabilities within this particular economic and cultural context. Furthermore, the …

The Urban Heat Island In Winter At Barrow, Alaska, Kenneth M. Hinkel, Frederick E. Nelson, Anna E. Klene, Julianne H. Bell

Geography Faculty Publications

The village of Barrow, Alaska, is the northernmost settlement in the USA and the largest native community in the Arctic. The population has grown from about 300 residents in 1900 to more than 4600 in 2000. In recent decades, a general increase of mean annual and mean winter air temperature has been recorded near the centre of the village, and a concurrent trend of progressively earlier snowmelt in the village has been documented. Satellite observations and data from a nearby climate observatory indicate a corresponding but much weaker snowmelt trend in the surrounding regions of relatively undisturbed tundra. Because the …

Learner-Centered Instruction: Inquiry-Based, Technology-Enriched, Integrating Workplace Reality: A Resource Guide For Teachers, Marjorie L. Mclellan

Geography Faculty Publications

Inquiry-based instructional strategies function best with motivated students whose interest and imagination are already enlivened and whose curiosity will help them master new learning skills. The responsibility for supplying the initial impetus falls upon many diverse entities across the student's educational life. College teachers often inherit students with years of spoon-fed, low-expectation instruction, challenging instructors in higher education to overcome this deficit. Fortunately, most students possess a native curiosity that is eventually heightened by academic success, especially when their achievements are perceived to stem from their own work and thought processes. This is the power of inquiry-based learning.

The rapidity …

Sources Of Local Geographic Information, Darrell Napton

Geography Faculty Publications

This guide is a tool to help you find local information. The list is not comprehensive, but is to give you some starting points on your search. The information available will differ from community to community. The premise of this guide is that you will generally find the information that you want if you ask the right PEOPLE, find the right PUBLICATIONS, and look in the right PLACES. This three pronged approach will help you find information that you never knew existed. Sometimes you will be fortunate and find the information that you seek on the first phone call or …

Human Geography Of The Scablands Of Eastern Washington, Otis Willard Freeman

Geography Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.