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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Board Of Directors' Structure And Corporate Tax Aggresiveness Of Listed Industrial Goods Companies In Nigeria, Muhammad A. Abubakar Dec 2021

Board Of Directors' Structure And Corporate Tax Aggresiveness Of Listed Industrial Goods Companies In Nigeria, Muhammad A. Abubakar

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Taxation plays a vital role in financing all government projects and activities, as such the studies of tax agressiveness can assist policy makers and tax authorities in addressing companies illegal tax schemes and taxing business more equitable in the sense that every entity pays their fair share of taxes. The study examines the effect of board structure on tax agressiveness of selected industrial goods companies listed in Nigeria Stock Exchange from 2016-2020. Data were obtained from annual report and account of the companies under investigation. Descriptive statistics, ordinary least square regression technique were used to estimate the model. Hausman's specification …


Does Technological Innovations Affect Unemployment In Nigeria?, Ebunoluwa O. Oyegoke, Wasiu A. Yusuf Dec 2021

Does Technological Innovations Affect Unemployment In Nigeria?, Ebunoluwa O. Oyegoke, Wasiu A. Yusuf

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The study examines the effects of technological innovations on unemployment in Nigeria using annual time series data 1980-2018, Autoregressive Distributed Lag and cointegration bound testing approach, Technological innovations was provided by the inflow of FDI; importation of Machinery and Equipment as indicator for process innovation (ETC), Patent represents product innovation, while Total Factor Productivity serves as the exogenous technical progress in line with Solow. The result shows that the coefficient of the inward Foreign Direct Investments (INFDI) is positive (3.85), which is significant at 5%, indicating a strong positive effect of process innovation on Unemployment, Machinery and Equipment was also …


Is The Heterogeneity Of Expenditure Relevant To Economic Growth? The Case Of Nigeria, Efayena O. Oba, Ngozi P. Buzugbe Dec 2021

Is The Heterogeneity Of Expenditure Relevant To Economic Growth? The Case Of Nigeria, Efayena O. Oba, Ngozi P. Buzugbe

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With the Nigerian economy oscillating around financial quagmire and fast moving towards fiscal unsustainability, this study analysed the impact of disaggregated expenditures on economic growth. Employing data from 1980 to 2019, the study established through the autoregressive distributed lagged technique that heterogeneity in expenditure is relevant to economic growth, with recurrent expenditure contributing insignificantly to economic growth, while capital expenditure negatively impact economic. Thus, among other policy option, the study suggested appropriate expenditure over recurrent expenditure and that government should engage more in the provision of capital projects in the economy.


Activity Series Of The Central Bank Of Nigeria's Development Finance Interventions, Xavier-Itam A. Okoh, George N. Ude Dec 2021

Activity Series Of The Central Bank Of Nigeria's Development Finance Interventions, Xavier-Itam A. Okoh, George N. Ude

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The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) aggresively pursues credit and interest rate policies to promote inclusive economic growth. Through this, it aims to expand availability, access, and affordability of financial capital for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) With a least 24 MSMEs financing programmes of its own, the Bank manages one of the largest suites of developmental programmes among central banks. This paper attempted to serialize and characterize these programmes, hence determine their activity status and discover patterns of implementation effort patronage, and responsiveness of target enterprises to available incentives. Applying Z-score and min-max methods of normalization and geometric …


Oil Price And Foreign Direct Investment In Nigeria: New Evidence From Structural Breaks And A Nonlinear Analysis, Shehu Muhammad Dec 2021

Oil Price And Foreign Direct Investment In Nigeria: New Evidence From Structural Breaks And A Nonlinear Analysis, Shehu Muhammad

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The study employed Nn-Linear and Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) method to analyse the link between oil price and foreign direct investment (FDI) using annual data from (1970 to 2018 Bai-Perman (2003) test revealed two structural break periods (1989 and 1995 showing a long-run relationship between oil price and FDI in Nigeria. The findings after NARDL estimation (short and long runs), showed that oil price, exchange rate and trade, negatively and insignificantly influenced FDI while GDP positively impacted on FDI, through insignificant too. The study concluded that though these variables slow down FDI efforts should be geared towards channeling oil funds …


Central Bank Of Nigeria And The Developmental Function: Some Thoughts On Policy Measurement Perceptions, Xavier-Itam Antigha Okon, Igonibo D. Abili Oct 2021

Central Bank Of Nigeria And The Developmental Function: Some Thoughts On Policy Measurement Perceptions, Xavier-Itam Antigha Okon, Igonibo D. Abili

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The developmental function is one prominent contribution of the Central Bank of Nigeria to the Nigerian economy. Routine reporting of this function focuses on volume of projects funded, disbursements, and repayments. Exploring the possibility of expanding the reporting scope, this paper conceptualized and illustrated handy measures of policy anchored on macroeconomic aggregates, to track this function relative to other macroeconomic policy ends. Descriptive and inferential analyses suggested that the financial, economic and market intensity measures were quite responsive to developments in the economy and could be useful tools for policy reporting purposes. The pricing intensity indicator suggested distortions in the …


Digital Only Banks The Changing Face Of Global Banking: Challenges, Opportunities And Aml/Cft Implications For Nigeria, David N. Odu Oct 2021

Digital Only Banks The Changing Face Of Global Banking: Challenges, Opportunities And Aml/Cft Implications For Nigeria, David N. Odu

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The drastic digitization brought about by evolution of technology in the world has changed almost every sphere of human life with the most recent effect being moved to cashless economy, while the role of digitization in the banking sector is altering customer demand and preferences, banks are becoming digitally oriented to meet the forces of demand and supply. This has led to the birth of digital-only also called challenger bankers or branches banks as they operate without a physical location, only have a location for admin purposes or hosting their servers. This growing wave of consumer oriented banking institutions focuses …


Asymmetric Trade Flows, Monetary And Business Cycle Asynchronization Among Ecowas Member Countries: Feasibility Of Ecowas Monetary Union Formation Beyond 2020, Joseph Okwori, Walter O. Ugwuoke Sep 2021

Asymmetric Trade Flows, Monetary And Business Cycle Asynchronization Among Ecowas Member Countries: Feasibility Of Ecowas Monetary Union Formation Beyond 2020, Joseph Okwori, Walter O. Ugwuoke

Bullion

The formation of the West African Monetary Union which was initially slated for 2003 was postponed severally in 2005, 2009, 2015 and 2020. This raises the curiosity of investigating the possibility of its formation beyond 2020. It is against this backdrop that this paper investigated asymmetric trade flows, monetary policy and business cycle asynchronization among ECOWAS member countries: Feasibility of ECOWAS Monetary union formation beyond 2020. The objective was addressed using Pearson correlation analysis on computed zscores and the seemingly unrelated regression estimation (SURE). The finding shows that the flow of trade within ECOWAS member countries were highly asymmetric indicating …


Fluctuations Of Macroeconomic Variables And Manufacturing Output: Issues, Challenges And Prospects Of The Growth Of Manufacturing Output In Nigeria, Chris Ac-Ogbonna Sep 2021

Fluctuations Of Macroeconomic Variables And Manufacturing Output: Issues, Challenges And Prospects Of The Growth Of Manufacturing Output In Nigeria, Chris Ac-Ogbonna

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The study examined the impact of fluctuations of macroeconomic variables such as exchange rate, lending rates and inflation rates on the manufacturing output in Nigeria. The paper used descriptive analysis to investigate the relationship between manufacturing output and macroeconomic stability in Nigeria. The findings revealed that macroeconomic instability impacted negatively on the manufacturing output. The paper therefore recommended that policies that will streamline the multiple and volatile exchange rates, interest rate and inflation control should be designed and implemented to ensure their predictability to aid planning and attract both domestic and foreign investors to the, manufacturing sector. This is expected …


Contemporary Issues In Nigeria's External Debt And Implications For National Sovereignty, Umar E. Mahmud, Yusuf A. Ogwuzebe Sep 2021

Contemporary Issues In Nigeria's External Debt And Implications For National Sovereignty, Umar E. Mahmud, Yusuf A. Ogwuzebe

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The imperative of public borrowing to finance development, combat natural or artificial disasters, and for other reasons is incontrovertible. The diverse traumatic experience of debt-victim nations: Spain, Mexico, Egypt, Venezuela, et cetera, which narrowly escaped total loss of national sovereignty to foreign lenders, due to debt-induced bankruptcy, have been xr-ayed by literature: Magaji (2000) and Bature (2015), among others. The objectives of this paper are to examine the situation of Nigeria, vis-à-vis the nations which travelled the path of Nigeria's current adventure; and to proffer policy antidotes for averting the highly probable cataclysm which unsustainable external debt might precipitate, particularly …


External Sector Liberalization And Output Growth In Nigeria, Emmanuel A. Onwioduokit, Obong E. Effiong Sep 2021

External Sector Liberalization And Output Growth In Nigeria, Emmanuel A. Onwioduokit, Obong E. Effiong

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The paper investigates the impact of external sector liberalization (foreign direct investment, external debt stock, trade openness and exchange rate) on the output growth in Nigeria from the period 1981 to 2019, utilizing correlation analysis, Granger causality test and vector autoregression (VAR). The results indicate that foreign direct investment, external debt stock, trade openness and exchange rate all correlate positively with gross domestic product. Also, the granger causality test indicates that foreign direct investment, trade openness and exchange rate granger cause the output growth in Nigeria. From the VAR result foreign direct investment exerted positive and significant impact on the …


The Predictive Power Of Banks' Liquidity On Profitability In Nigeria, Okonta Sunday Ukeje Ph.D Jun 2021

The Predictive Power Of Banks' Liquidity On Profitability In Nigeria, Okonta Sunday Ukeje Ph.D

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This study investigated the predictive power of banks' statutory liquidity on their protability in Nigeria between 1990 and 2019. The vector autoregression and variance decomposition methodology were employed. The findings showed that a change in return on asset (ROA) was weakly associated with itself, with liquidity variables, liquidity risk and real gross domestic product growth rates. In a five-year prediction, a 100% change in ROA was explained by itself in the short run. Other variables showed strong exogeneity with ROA, from short to long-run, an indication that banks in Nigeria face bleak future in using statutory liquidity to positively and …


The Nigerian Economy, Monetary Policy And Covid-19: An Unholy Trinity, Polycarp Ishaku Mikloda Ph.D Jun 2021

The Nigerian Economy, Monetary Policy And Covid-19: An Unholy Trinity, Polycarp Ishaku Mikloda Ph.D

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This article presents the dynamics of an unholy trinity involving the interplay of economic forces in the thick of a crippling health crisis with monetary policy to the rescue through activation of relevant instruments. In response to the outbreak, the Monetary Policy Committee announced several policy measures which include granting of extension of loan moratorium on principal repayments, interest rate reduction on all intervention loan facilities from 9% to 5%, establishment of a N50bn targeted credit facility to household and MSMEs and regulatory forbearance to banks and credit support to the healthcare industry among others. it is worthy to state …


Financing Public Deficits In Nigeria: Groping In The Dark For Taxation, Umar Elems Mahmud Ph.D Jun 2021

Financing Public Deficits In Nigeria: Groping In The Dark For Taxation, Umar Elems Mahmud Ph.D

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The objective of this study is to conduct an expository examination of the inhibitions of voluntary tax compliance and to explore prospects of leapfrogging tax contribution from its posterior position, given the lacunae in precious studies. In the descriptive research design, underpinned by the range of structural-functionalist and expectancy theories, salient among the findings of the study is the diminished contribution of taxation to Nigeria's GDP and total revenue due to weak institutional framework and “faded” enthusiasm of taxpayers. In the circumstance of the situation, and until drastic reforms are successfully executed, Nigeria may be groping in the dark, in …


The Implications Of Legal And Policy Frameworks For E-Commerce In Nigeria, Chinelo Constance Ugwu, Ann Ogbo Ph.D Jun 2021

The Implications Of Legal And Policy Frameworks For E-Commerce In Nigeria, Chinelo Constance Ugwu, Ann Ogbo Ph.D

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This article seeks to throw light on the legal implications of E-commerce as it affects users in Nigeria. It outlines basic requirements for smooth running of online business in Nigeria from registration to full operations. It also looks at the preparedness of the Nigerian Government to position the country alongside its peers on the digital business map in terms of cyber space security. The paper is structured in the following manner: Conceptual review of E-commerce is discussed in the first section while the second section outlines Nigeria's Preparedness and the journey so far. The third section briefly explains the global …


Understanding Balance Of Payments And Its Link With Monetary Policy In Nigeria, Ocheuje Leonard Pius Jun 2021

Understanding Balance Of Payments And Its Link With Monetary Policy In Nigeria, Ocheuje Leonard Pius

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Developments in the balance of payments of any country is generally of interest to national policymakers, international investors, financial and economic analysts as well as international financial institutions. In recent times, Nigeria recorded persistent current account as well as overall BOP decits and these created discomfort among policy makers with regards to its sustainability and possible implications for the economy. This paper explores some of the major developments and trends in Nigeria's BOP as well as their interrelationship with other macroeconomic accounts. It also provided clarity to the structure and components of Nigeria's BOP statistics as compiled in line with …


Capital Formation And Economic Growth In Nigeria: An Empirical Re-Examination, Emmanuel Ating Onwiodiokit Ph.D, Gabriel Efe Otolorin Jun 2021

Capital Formation And Economic Growth In Nigeria: An Empirical Re-Examination, Emmanuel Ating Onwiodiokit Ph.D, Gabriel Efe Otolorin

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This study re-examines the impact of capital formation on Nigeria's economic growth. The paper adopts the Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) technique on annual time series data covering the period 1981 to 2018. Infrastructure, health and skills competitiveness indices computed from the global competitiveness reports were adapted to capture key specifics of physical and human capital formation. The results from the DOLS show that gross fixed capital formation had a negative and significant impact on economic growth. The results also indicate that external debt and total labour force had a negative effect on economic growth. On the other hand, human …


Impact Of Aml/Cft Regulations On Digital Disruptions (Fintech) And Financial Inclusion In Sub-Saharan Africa, David Nkang Odu Dec 2020

Impact Of Aml/Cft Regulations On Digital Disruptions (Fintech) And Financial Inclusion In Sub-Saharan Africa, David Nkang Odu

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Financial Technology is becoming paramount in all financial institutions, being utilized in helping companies manage most of their financial operations efficiently through the use of software and specialized algorithms. The future of finance will shine brightest when it provides standard and valuable services to the society, however this will come with its own merits and demerits. I have prepared this report to carry out a detailed discussion on the impact that the AML/CFT controls have on FinTech and the financial inclusion initiative in sub-Saharan Africa. The AML/CFT controls can be applied more effectively in the formal systems for banking and …


Impact Of Monetary Policy On Inflation Rate In Nigeria: Vector Autoregressive Analysis, Eggon Ahmed Henry, Ajidani Moses Sabo Dec 2020

Impact Of Monetary Policy On Inflation Rate In Nigeria: Vector Autoregressive Analysis, Eggon Ahmed Henry, Ajidani Moses Sabo

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The Nigerian monetary authorities have implemented several monetary management policies with the aim of achieving price stability and economic growth in the country, but without success. This study was conducted to examine the impact of monetary policy management on inflation in Nigeria during the 1985- 2019. Autoregressive distributed lag analysis was employed on time series data covering the period. It was found that while monetary policy rate and foreign exchange rate impacted negatively on inflation; broad money supply impact positively on it. Therefore, the study recommended that monetary authorities should fix the exchange rate at where the value of Naira …


Impact Of Financial Deepening On Socio-Economic Development In Nigeria: 1991 - 2018, Igonibo Dumoteim Abili Dec 2020

Impact Of Financial Deepening On Socio-Economic Development In Nigeria: 1991 - 2018, Igonibo Dumoteim Abili

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This study investigates the relationship between financial deepening and socioeconomic development in Nigeria. The specific objectives examined the impacts of broad money supply, private sector credit and financial openness on human development index in Nigeria from 1991 to 2018. Time series data on each of the variables were analyzed using Fully Modified Least Squares and Granger Causality test. The unit root test results revealed that all the variables in the model became stationary after first difference and are all I (1). The cointegration test result revealed that the variables had long run relationships. The cointegrating regression result indicated that broad …


Relationship Between Volatility In Domestic Oil Production, Oil Price And Exchange Rate In Nigeria: Co-Integration And Granger Causality Tests, Bashir Umar Faruk Dec 2020

Relationship Between Volatility In Domestic Oil Production, Oil Price And Exchange Rate In Nigeria: Co-Integration And Granger Causality Tests, Bashir Umar Faruk

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The paper examines the relationship between volatility in domestic oil production, oil prices, and exchange rate in Nigeria. The study employs monthly time series data, from January 2006 to August 2018. Data for the Nigerian Bonny light oil prices (COP), Domestic Oil Production (DOP) and Exchange Rate (EXC) are obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) website. While, dummy variable (DUM) represents stability and instability in the Niger-Delta oil-rich region was traced from historic oil disruptions in the region. Autoregres s i ve Di s tributed Lag (ARDL)/bound testing method and pairwise granger causality were employed. Unit root test …


The Role Of Agriculture In The Economic Diversification Of The Nigerian Economy: (1980 – 2016), Adamu Hassan Muhammad, Tahir Hussaini Mairiga, Iliya Ayuba Thompson, Usman Ismaeel Bello Dec 2020

The Role Of Agriculture In The Economic Diversification Of The Nigerian Economy: (1980 – 2016), Adamu Hassan Muhammad, Tahir Hussaini Mairiga, Iliya Ayuba Thompson, Usman Ismaeel Bello

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This study empirically examines the role of agriculture in the diversification of the Nigerian economy, using time series data from 1980–2016. Estimation results using Cointegration and Vector Error Correction Technique indicate that agricultural output has a positive relationship and significant impact with non-oil exports (NOE) and that non-oil revenue has a positive relationship with non-oil exports (NOE). It was recommended that, government should endeavor to increase agricultural productivity by improving its expenditure on the sector so as to enhance the growth of the economy. Government should also increase its non-oil revenue and revive the sector through sufficient budgetary allocation and …


Impact Of Tax Revenue On Economic Growth In Nigeria (1981-2017), Abubakar Biliksu Aliyu, A. A. Mustapha Dec 2020

Impact Of Tax Revenue On Economic Growth In Nigeria (1981-2017), Abubakar Biliksu Aliyu, A. A. Mustapha

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The main objective of this research is to assess empirically the impact of tax revenue on economic growth in Nigeria, spanning from 1981 to 2017. It employs, time series data obtained from the CBN statistical bulletins, FIRS annual publications and National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) portal. To achieve the objectives of the study, OLS and ARDL techniques were employed to estimate the relationships and the dynamics and longrun effects of independent variables on dependent variable. ARDL bound test revealed that the variables are cointegrated while ARDL long-run estimation indicated that petroleum profit, value added tax and government domestic debt are …


An Adjusted Classical Model For Interest-Free Financing In Nigeria, Abdul Ibrahim, Habibu M-G Salihu Sep 2020

An Adjusted Classical Model For Interest-Free Financing In Nigeria, Abdul Ibrahim, Habibu M-G Salihu

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This paper examines an interest-free macroeconomic models by adjusting the classical model into an interest-free macroeconomic model as a basis for developing a comparative analysis. The study adopted a descriptive approach by describing the mechanics for obtaining an interest-free macroeconomic model from a prototype western model. It was observed that most Muslims in Nigeria are interested in adopting interest free financing under the western system. This is a reason for converting a western model into an interest-free model.This conversion allows policy-makers to gain useful insight in the process in transition from the western system to the Islamic system. The Islamic …


Leveraging Import Substitution For Economic Expansion: The Case Of Nigeria, Paul Ihuoma Oluikpe Sep 2020

Leveraging Import Substitution For Economic Expansion: The Case Of Nigeria, Paul Ihuoma Oluikpe

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The objective of this paper is to describe the import substitution policies of Nigeria with a historical and analytical outlook with a view to amplifying its dimensions of impact, and recommending potential options for optimizing policy and implementation. Method The methodology adopted for this paper is descriptive and historical analysis. Comparisons were drawn from various countries policies such as Chile, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, India, South Korea, and the Philippines and outcomes are highlighted, and then extrapolated to the Nigerian context with a view to understanding the local context in the light of peer country implementation. The results from the implementation …


The Role Of The Central Bank Of Nigeria Analytical Balance Sheet In Monetary Policy Implementation, Salihu Audu Sep 2020

The Role Of The Central Bank Of Nigeria Analytical Balance Sheet In Monetary Policy Implementation, Salihu Audu

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This paper examines the role of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) analytical balance sheet in the implementation of monetary policy. The Bank currently uses a mix of both quantity-based (monetary base) and price-based (short-term interest rate) nominal anchors. However, irrespective of the targeting regime adopted, both depends on the central bank's ability to manage its balance sheet given the huge fiscal influence on banking system liquidity in Nigeria. Therefore, the paper analyses the various liquidity management operations of the CBN and their implications for the size and structure of the analytical balance sheet.


Firm Survival Of Listed Nigerian Financial Institutions: A Consolidated Methods Approach, Sunusi Garba, Adamu M. Abubakar, Ahmad I. Mohammed, Mohammed S. Damamisau Sep 2020

Firm Survival Of Listed Nigerian Financial Institutions: A Consolidated Methods Approach, Sunusi Garba, Adamu M. Abubakar, Ahmad I. Mohammed, Mohammed S. Damamisau

Bullion

The firm's survival is regarded as an essential element usually used by the capital market participants in making vital decisions. This study examines the combined roles of bankruptcy, earnings management, and profitability in explaining a firm's survival in the listed Nigerian financial institutions. To achieve this, a descriptive research design is adopted and data were generated from databases of the listed companies in the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the period 2006 to 2015. Panel data analysis was employed in analysing collected data of the sampled 29 financial institutions in the Nigerian financial sector. The study found that most of the …


Analysis Of The Determinants Of Money Demand In South Africa: 1990-2019, Ali Kole, Hassan N. Wali, Alhassan M. Idris, Ismail H. Sanusi Sep 2020

Analysis Of The Determinants Of Money Demand In South Africa: 1990-2019, Ali Kole, Hassan N. Wali, Alhassan M. Idris, Ismail H. Sanusi

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This study estimates real intermediate money demand (RM2) and real broad money demand (RM3) for South Africa from 1990 Q1 to 2019 Q4. The main objective of the study was to explore the relationship between money demand and its determinants in South Africa with specific emphasis on the long-run relationship and stability between RM2, RM3,and their determinants. Auto-regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound test for cointegration model developed by Pesaran (2001) was employed. The results found that both RM2 and RM3 are cointegrated with inflation rate, interest rate, exchange rate,real GDP, and credit to the private sector in South Africa. Credit …


Microfinance Credit And Micro Enterprise Development In The Agricultural Sub-Sector Of The Nigerian Economy, Ademola A. Adebisi Sep 2020

Microfinance Credit And Micro Enterprise Development In The Agricultural Sub-Sector Of The Nigerian Economy, Ademola A. Adebisi

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This study seeks to examine the relevance of micro financing credit loans to Agri-business in Lagos State, Nigeria - the development of Agricultural sub-sector centering the attention to the contribution of the institutions involved in the provision of these credits.It makes a critical review of the performance of microfinance institutions in Nigeria, based on a survey of the Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme Fund (a microfinance scheme established to boost the agricultural sub-sector of Nigeria). The study examines the scheme – the institutions involved and analyses the performance using the outreach paradigm via the mixed approach research techniques – qualitative and …


Is Central Bank Of Nigeria Pursuing Preferential Development Finance? Some Parametric And Non-Parametric Evidence, Xavier-Itam A. Okon Jun 2020

Is Central Bank Of Nigeria Pursuing Preferential Development Finance? Some Parametric And Non-Parametric Evidence, Xavier-Itam A. Okon

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As encompassing as the development finance interventions of the Central Bank of Nigeria are, there appears to be a preference for the agricultural sector and the manufacturing sub-sector. The study applied the parametric ANOVA and the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis Tests, to inferentially determine whether this is, indeed, the case. Findings, however, indicate that the intervention intensity is equal for all sectors, implying the Bank adopts a holistic, rather than preferential, approach to its development finance practice. This strategically engenders, among others, uniform development, inclusive growth and economic diversification. The interventions should be sustained and their coverage extended to other crucial sub-sectors …