Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Covid-19 And Its Impact On Multinational Enterprises: A Modified Value At Risk Approach, Kashi Khazeh, Leonard Arvi, Robert C. Winder

Journal of Global Business Insights

Multinational enterprises (MNEs) operating across different currencies are exposed to exchange rate risk. They may utilize a variety of tools to mitigate that risk. While there are different types of exchange rate risk, this study focuses specifically on the ongoing exposure of cash flow transactions denominated in the currencies of seven different developed countries. Since other types of risk (i.e., economic and translation) are evaluated based on yearly results, they are not considered in this study. The modified value-at-risk (MVaR) model is employed to estimate the maximum one-period losses during the eighteen months before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic …

Non-Market Food Practices Do Things Markets Cannot: Why Vermonters Produce And Distribute Food That's Not For Sale, Sam Bliss

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

Researchers tend to portray food self-provisioning in high-income societies as a coping mechanism for the poor or a hobby for the well-off. They describe food charity as a regrettable band-aid. Vegetable gardens and neighborly sharing are considered remnants of precapitalist tradition. These are non-market food practices: producing food that is not for sale and distributing food in ways other than selling it. Recent scholarship challenges those standard understandings by showing (i) that non-market food practices remain prevalent in high-income countries, (ii) that people in diverse social groups engage in these practices, and (iii) that they articulate diverse reasons for doing …

A Conditional Linear Combination Test With Many Weak Instruments, Dennis Lim, Wenjie Wang, Yichong Zhang

Research Collection School Of Economics

We consider a linear combination of jackknife Anderson-Rubin (AR) and orthogonalized Lagrangian multiplier (LM) tests for inference in IV regressions with many weak instruments and heteroskedasticity. We choose the weight in the linear combination based on a decision-theoretic rule that is adaptive to the identification strength. Under both weak and strong identifications, the proposed linear combination test controls asymptotic size and is admissible. Under strong identification, we further show that our linear combination test is the uniformly most powerful test against local alternatives among all tests that are constructed based on the jackknife AR and LM tests only and invariant …

Late-Arriving Votes And Electoral Fraud: A Natural Experiment And Regression Discontinuity Evidence From Bolivia, Diego Escobari, Gary A. Hoover

Economics and Finance Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper uses a unique data set and a natural experiment to test if electoral fraud can exist in late-arriving votes. On the night of the 2019 Bolivian elections, the official vote counting system that was expected to publish the results real-time, suddenly stopped. When it resumed, the results had flipped. We estimate several difference-in-differences specifications using a 2016 referendum and the votes of other political parties. We find that the extent of the fraud is 2.51% of the valid votes, sufficient to change the outcome of the election. Our results are robust to polling-station-level shocks common across 2019 and …

Hubris Or Talent? Estimating The Role Of Overconfidence In Chinese Households’ Investment Decisions, Jing Xu, Maroula Khraiche, Xi Mao, Xuan Wang

Economics and Finance Faculty Publications and Presentations

We document the extent to which overconfidence in one’s financial literacy (FL overconfidence) plays a role in households’ reported financial risk aversion and their actual investment behavior, using data from the China Household Finance Survey. We measure FL overconfidence by estimating the gap between people’s self-reported financial literacy and their objectively measured financial knowledge. Our results indicate that FL overconfidence is negatively associated with self-reported financial risk aversion. Additionally, FL overconfidence is positively associated with the likelihood of having a brokerage account, holding risky financial instruments (other than just stock), and a proportion of assets allocated towards risky assets. We …

Optimal Nonparametric Range-Based Volatility Estimation, Tim Bollerslev, Jia Li, Qiyuan Li

Research Collection School Of Economics

We present a general framework for optimal nonparametric spot volatility estimation based on intraday range data, comprised of the first, highest, lowest, and last price over a given time-interval. We rely on a decision-theoretic approach together with a coupling-type argument to directly tailor the form of the nonparametric estimator to the specific volatility measure of interest and relevant loss function. The resulting new optimal estimators offer substantial efficiency gains compared to existing commonly used range-based procedures.

Senior Mental Health Clinicians’ Understanding Of Their Self-Efficacy While Providing Services At Community-Based Agencies, Rukiya Symister

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many mental health clinicians strive to provide their clients with rehabilitative and psychotherapy services resulting in a client gaining stable income and housing. However, the role of a senior mental health clinician (SMHC) is not without its challenges of trying to balance their well-being while dealing with increased coworker turnover, demanding caseloads, and limited access to community resources to provide clients with getting their lives back on track, thereby impacting clinicians’ understanding of their self-efficacy. Much of the research on self-efficacy has focused on mental health clients, mental health graduate students, and mental health trainees, often leaving out the lived …

Heat & Social Cooperation: The Effects Of Thermal Stress On Altruism, Alexander J. Courtman

Master's Theses

Recent literature has highlighted the effects of temperature on economic outcomes and violence in humans, on both the interpersonal and intergroup levels: as temperatures rise, humans are more likely to exhibit increased aggression and agitation. However, little research has been done on how pro-social behaviors like cooperation and altruism among humans might respond to increased temperatures. As extreme heat events increase in frequency, will humans and communities work together in the face of adverse shocks and crises? Leveraging experimental data collected randomized controlled trails held in 4 locations across the world, this paper seeks to establish a relationship between thermal …

The Experience Of Faculty Strikers: Factors That Could Impact Higher Education Strikes, Giovanna Follo, Diane Huelskamp

The Qualitative Report

Higher education is being challenged as is the unionization of faculty. This combination could create a climate where faculty may need to strike. The purpose of this research is to describe the lived experiences of striking faculty to bring a greater understanding of what faculty may incur. This research utilized a phenomenological approach with a combination of composite narratives and in vivo coding to describe the lived experiences of striking. With the number of layoffs, strikes and threats of striking, this research is timely in understanding what striking entails and how it can best be navigated for the benefit of …

How Social Structure Shapes Female Competition Throughout Her Lifetime, Jeffrey Flory, Kenneth L. Leonard, Magda Tsaneva, Kathryn Vasilaky

Economics

Many studies find a consistent gender gap in competitiveness where men are more likely to compete than women given the same level of ability. Using data from experiments with women ages 12 through 90 in matrilocal and patrilocal communities in rural Malawi, we show that this gender gap does not exist uniformly for all women nor across their whole lifetime. We first replicate three main findings from the gender and competition literature: (i) women are less likely to compete on average; and the gender gap differs by (ii) culture and by (iii) age. In a new finding, we show that …

Stochastic Modeling Of Decarbonizing Strategy, Policy, And Market-Induced Incentives For The Us Electricity Sector, Jessica W.A. Azure, Samuel Frimpong, Mahelet G. Fikru

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In line with the global pursuit of achieving net-zero carbon emissions, integrating carbon capture and storage (CCS) and renewable energy (RE) technologies is important in power production. This study evaluates the profitability of CCS and RE technologies as alternative ways of achieving climate change goals. While past research focused on costs, technological advancements, and capture methods, there is a need for more studies on assessing the financial feasibility of these climate change solutions under uncertain conditions, alongside specific performance goals and strategies to entice power producers. Using a comprehensive framework featuring deterministic and stochastic modeling approaches, this research explores the …

Three Essays On Energy Markets Using Dynamic Time Series, Zuyi Wang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

This dissertation investigates energy markets using dynamic time series and rolling panel approaches, aiming to enhance our understanding of their dynamics and interrelationships. The first essay focuses on the transfer of price bubbles between oil and gas markets. The findings indicate that price bubbles in the oil market have the potential to transfer to the gas market, with the probability of transfer depending on the gas price mechanism. The second essay delves into China’s natural gas market and specifically explores the dynamic relationship between imported liquefied natural gas (LNG) and pipeline prices. This analysis utilizes a price discovery framework to …

Predictive Analytics Supporting Labor Market Success: A Career Explorer For Job Seekers And Workforce Professionals In Michigan, Christopher J. O'Leary, Salomon Orellana, Kevin Doyle, Randall W. Eberts, Ben Damerow, Amy Meyers, Kenneth J. Kline, Anna Wilcoxson, Beth C. Truesdale, Scott Powell

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Career Explorer provides customized career exploration tools for workforce development staff and job seekers in Michigan. There are separate Career Explorer modules for mediated staff services and self-service by job seekers. The system was developed by the Michigan Center for Data and Analytics in collaboration with the W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research and Michigan Works! Southwest. It was funded by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Office of Workforce Investment and the Schmidt Futures foundation’s Data for the American Dream (D4AD) project. In this paper, we describe specifications of the models behind the frontline-staff-mediated version of Career Explorer, which are …

Gains From Reassignment: Evidence From A Two-Sided Teacher Market, Mariana Laverde, Elton Mykerezi, Aaron Sojourner, Aradhya Sood

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Although the literature on assignment mechanisms emphasizes the importance of efficiency based on agents’ preferences, policymakers may want to achieve different goals. For instance, school districts may want to affect student learning outcomes but must take teacher welfare into account when assigning teachers to students in classrooms and schools. This paper studies both the potential efficiency and equity test-score gains from within-district reassignment of teachers to classrooms using novel data that allows us to observe decisions of both teachers and principals in the teacher internal transfer process, and test-scores of students from the observed assignments. We jointly model student achievement …

Coastal Water Temperature Guide, Andrew Allegra

Benefits of Ocean Observing Catalog (BOOC)

● Near real-time temperatures are from NOAA's National Ocean Service (NOS) tidal stations and Physical Oceanographic Real-Time System (PORTS®).

● Recent and near real-time water temperatures are also from NOAA's National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) moored buoys.

● Daily Averaged Sea Surface Temperature (SST) is from NOAA NCEI’s 1/4° Daily Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (OISST) data set. It is a blended SST file of buoy, ship, Argo, and satellite observations.

The Olympic Coast As A Sentinel: An Integrated Social-Ecological Regional Vulnerability Assessment To Ocean Acidification, Courtney Cochran

Benefits of Ocean Observing Catalog (BOOC)

Timestamp: 44862.4626207986 Email Address: courtney.cochran@noaa.gov Name: Courtney Cochran Affiliation: NOAA Affiliate (UCAR Contractor) Program Office/Division: Ocean Acidification Program Position Title: Program Specialist III Title of use case: The Olympic Coast as a Sentinel: An Integrated Social-Ecological Regional Vulnerability Assessment to Ocean Acidification Authors or Creators: Newton, J. ; Poe, M. ; Alin, S. ; Chadsey, M. ; Feely, R. ; Fradkin, S. ; Hagen, J. ; Ledford, J. ; Koehlinger, J. A. ; Schumacher, J. ; Siedlecki, S. ; Svec, R. ; Waddell, J. ; Watkinson-Schutten, M Affiliations of Authors or Creators: University of Washington Applied Physics Lab and the …

Marine Heat Waves, Andrew Allegra

Benefits of Ocean Observing Catalog (BOOC)

Marine heatwave data sets are calculated by NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information using Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (OISST) data. The NOAA 1/4° OISST is a long-term Climate Data Record that incorporates observations from different platforms (satellites, ships, buoys and Argo floats) into a regular global grid. The in situ component of this input is critical.

Geo Blueplanet - Noaa Coastwatch - Esri Coastal Eutrophication Index In Support Of Sustainable Development Goal 14.1.1, Merrie Beth Neely

Benefits of Ocean Observing Catalog (BOOC)

Timestamp: 44819.6683347106 Email Address: merrie.neely@noaa.gov Name: Merrie Beth Neely Affiliation: Global Science and Technology Program Office/Division: NESDIS/STAR/SOCD/NOAA CoastWatch Position Title: research scientist (contractor) Title of use case: GEO BluePlanet - NOAA CoastWatch - ESRI Coastal Eutrophication Index in support of Sustainable Development Goal 14.1.1 Authors or Creators: Neely, M and Lance, V Affiliations of Authors or Creators: GST, Inc. (Neely) and NOAA Federal (Lance) Contributors: Smail, E. and Ramachandran, S Affiliation of Contributors: GEO BluePlanet (Smail) and RIVA (Ramachandran) Description: UN Environment requested assistance developing two satellite-based ocean color indicators of coastal eutrophication. This global product covers the EEZs for …

Critical Use Of Noaa Coastwatch Great Lakes Node Remote Sensing Of Sea Ice For Uscg Mission Planning, Merrie Beth Neely

Benefits of Ocean Observing Catalog (BOOC)

Timestamp: 44823.3273319444 Email Address: merrie.neely@noaa.gov Name: Merrie Beth Neely Affiliation: Global Science and Technology, Inc. Program Office/Division: NESDIS/STAR/SOCD/NOAA CoastWatch Position Title: Research Scientist (contractor) Title of use case: Critical Use of NOAA CoastWatch Great Lakes Node Remote Sensing of Sea Ice for USCG mission planning Authors or Creators: Neely, M.B. and Lance, V. Affiliations of Authors or Creators: GST, Inc. (Neely) and NOAA Federal (Lance) Contributors: VanderWoude, A and Liu, S. Affiliation of Contributors: NOAA Federal (VanderWoude), CIGLR - University of Michigan (Liu) Description: USCG uses NOAA CoastWatch-supplied true-color imagery, the RADARSAT ice classification, and ice extent imagery when selecting …

Booc Api Test, Anthony Castellletto

Benefits of Ocean Observing Catalog (BOOC)

This is just a test to see if I can read data from a published case through the Digital Commons API. Just ignore this case.

Tony Castelletto

Global Forecasts Of Marine Heatwaves, Michael Jacox

Benefits of Ocean Observing Catalog (BOOC)

Timestamp: 44862.4486656366 Email Address: michael.jacox@noaa.gov Name: Michael Jacox Affiliation: NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center and NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory Program Office/Division: Position Title: Research oceanographer Title of use case: Global forecasts of marine heatwaves Authors or Creators: Jacox, M., Alexander, M., Amaya, D., Becker, B., Bograd, S., Brodie, S., Hazen, E., Pozo Buil, M., Tommasi, D., Hsu, C.-W., Smith, C. Affiliations of Authors or Creators: NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory; NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center; University of Colorado; University of Miami; University of California Santa Cruz Contributors: Affiliation of Contributors: Description: Researchers used climate forecast systems to develop global marine heatwave …

Understanding Comprehensive Flood Risk With Noaa Data, Kate Quigley

Benefits of Ocean Observing Catalog (BOOC)

Timestamp: 44806.3799229514 Email Address: kate.quigley@noaa.gov Name: Kate Quigley Affiliation: NOAA Program Office/Division: NOS OCM Position Title: Economist Title of use case: Understanding Comprehensive Flood Risk with NOAA Data Authors or Creators: NOAA OCM Digital Coast website Affiliations of Authors or Creators: NOAA OCM Contributors: Doug Marcy Affiliation of Contributors: NOAA OCM Description: The Beyond Floods app features a flood outlook score and detailed reports for each individual property. This score is an abstraction of more than 25 factors related to real estate, social perception, flood insurance, flood mitigation and losses, infrastructure, and geomorphology. Syndeste used data from NOAA’s digital elevation …

An Analysis Of Poverty Convergence: Evidence From Pennsylvania Counties, Angel Alcantara, Stephanie M. Brewer, James J. Jozefowicz

The Journal of Economics and Politics

This paper extends applications of unconditional and conditional β-convergence and σ-convergence analysis to poverty rates in a panel data sample of Pennsylvania counties during the period 1990-2019. Spatial structural breaks between rural and urban counties in Pennsylvania plus the possibility that Philadelphia County is an outlier are acknowledged to avoid spurious inferences. The findings support the existence of unconditional β-convergence in the pooled, urban, and rural samples with non-metropolitan areas exhibiting the greatest convergence. However, the largest conditional β-convergence is observed for urban counties, and this outcome is robust to the exclusion of Philadelphia County. Graphical evidence evinces a greater …

Behavioral Science Interventions Could Increase Snap Comprehension And Awareness Among Military Families, Colleen Heflin, Hannah Patnaik, Leonard M. Lopoo, Siobhan O'Keefe

Population Health Research Brief Series

Food insecurity is more common among military families than the general population, and the transition from active service to civilian life is a time of heightened risk. The Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) is designed to support food security among low-income families. Many eligible military and veteran families do not enroll in SNAP due to a lack of information, stigma, and administrative barriers. This brief highlights findings from a survey experiment conducted in 2022 and 2023 to assess how small changes to SNAP informational flyers, such as simplifying information provided about SNAP, highlighting that other veterans use SNAP, and emphasizing …

How Personalized Networks Can Limit Free Riding: A Multi-Group Version Of The Public Goods Game, Aaron S. Berman, Laurence R. Iannaccone, Mouli Modak

ESI Working Papers

People belong to many different groups, and few belong to the same network of groups. Moreover, people routinely reduce their involvement in dysfunctional groups while increasing involvement in those they find more attractive. The net effect can be an increase in overall cooperation and the partial isolation of free-riders, even if free-riders are never punished, excluded, or recognized. We formalize and test this conjecture with an agent-based social simulation and a multi-good extension of the standard repeated public goods game. The experiment places 16 subjects in two four-person groups arranged in a 16-group checkerboard lattice that ensures no two subjects …

Reflections On Empowering China’S Digital Economy To Enhance International Competitiveness Through Tax System Reform, Yang Xue, Lina Hu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

At present, promoting the continuous improvement of the international competitiveness of the digital economy has become a new track for countries to compete. The study stands that the tax reform in the digital economy era is based on the accelerated evolution from the industrial economy to the digital economy, the wider application scenarios of digital technology, and the continuous improvement of the breadth and depth of digital infrastructure coverage. This study analyzes the problems arising from the development of the digital economy at this stage, such as the decline in the regulatory role of traditional tax functions, the loss of …

Blue Economy Coastal Resources: Economic Valuation And Governance For Achieving Sustainable Development Goals, Unmana Sarangi

Journal of Ocean and Coastal Economics

The research paper entitled "Blue Economy Coastal Resources its Economic Valuation and Governance for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals" is an attempt to define and analyze the concept of Blue Economy, Coastal Resources, its Economic Valuation and Governance and its implications for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) slated by United Nations. The research study covers aspects such as development of coastal resources for building a blue economy to achieve SDGs, economic valuation of coastal resources to develop appropriate and suitable mechanisms for achieving healthy ocean and its importance for current and future generations, sustainability of coastal resources and coastal management …

Analyzing Household Income Inequality: A Subgroup Decomposition Of Generalized Entropy Measures, Jazib Mumtaz, Sayed Irshad Hussain

CBER Conference

The study proves that education level, nature of employment, asset ownership, and gender contribute significantly to income inequality. The study further indicates that changes in income distribution for the bottom of the population through paid employment, female income, and asset ownership could impact income inequality. The study's results can be used to assess policy impact on social welfare and help policymakers design targeted interventions, develop efficient taxation, and create a sustainable model for inclusive growth.

Economic Policy Uncertainty And Stock Portfolio Optimization: Cross Country Wavelet-Based Approach, Sara Iqbal, Waqar Ahmed Sethar, Suad Sindhiyao

CBER Conference

The purpose of this research is to assess the impact of Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU) on the Sectoral returns of China, Pakistan, the USA, the UK, and India. The panel data consisting of EPU, and sectoral returns of Stock Market data of sample countries is from 2012 to 2022. To achieve the research objectives, the wavelet coherence method is used. By applying wavelet coherence analysis to the time series data of economic policy uncertainty and sector returns, researchers can explore how the coherence or correlation between these variables changes over different periods and frequency components which helps in assessing short-, …

Kerala’S International Tourism Demand: An Inquiry Into The Validity Of The Standard And Regular Determinants, Muhammed Salim Anappattath

CBER Conference

The present study aims to identify the role of standard factors and other regular potential determinants in influencing the tourist arrivals in Indian state of Kerala. We used month-wise data of the foreign tourist arrivals in Kerala from January 2002 to December 2019 and applied auto-regressive distributed lagged (ARDL) approach, with the seasonality-adjusted data, for the same.