Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Economics

SelectedWorks

2010

Keyword
Publication
File Type

Articles 361 - 386 of 386

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Vertical Relations, Jeanine Miklos-Thal, Patrick Rey, Thibaud Verge Jan 2010

Vertical Relations, Jeanine Miklos-Thal, Patrick Rey, Thibaud Verge

Jeanine Miklos-Thal

The paper presents recent advances in the analysis of successive oligopolies characterized by interlocking relationships, where competing upstream suppliers deal with the same set of competing downstream partners. We first highlight the extent to which interlocking relationships alter competition, and may allow vertical restraints such as Resale Price Maintenance to eliminate it upstream as well as downstream. Modeling difficulties, such as the inexistence or a large multiplicity of equilibria, however arise. After reviewing how similar issues have been successfully addressed in the case of a single supplier, we draw lessons for more general multilateral settings.

Go to article

Monopolistic Screening Under Learning By Doing, Dennis L. Gärtner Jan 2010

Monopolistic Screening Under Learning By Doing, Dennis L. Gärtner

Dennis L Gärtner

This article investigates the design of incentives in a dynamic adverse selection framework where agents’ production technologies display learning effects and agents’ learning rates are private knowledge. In a simple two-period model with full commitment available to the principal, we show that whether learning effects are over- or underexploited crucially depends on whether more efficient agents also learn faster (so costs diverge through learning effects) or whether it is the less efficient agents who learn faster (so costs converge). We further show that an overexploitation of learning effects can occur also if the full-commitment assumption is relaxed.

Go to article

Fannie Mae And Freddie Mac: Creatures Of Regulatory Privilege, David J. Reiss Jan 2010

Fannie Mae And Freddie Mac: Creatures Of Regulatory Privilege, David J. Reiss

David J Reiss

This book chapter addresses the appropriate role of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the government-chartered, privately owned mortgage finance companies, in the United States housing finance sector. The federal government recently placed Fannie and Freddie in conservatorship. These two massive companies are profit-driven, but as government-sponsored enterprises they also have a government-mandated mission to provide liquidity and stability to the United States mortgage market and to achieve certain affordable housing goals. How the two companies should exit their conservatorship has implications that reach throughout the global financial markets and are of key importance to the future of American housing finance …

Go to article

Collaborative Community-Based Natural Resource Management, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson Jan 2010

Collaborative Community-Based Natural Resource Management, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson

Prof. Elizabeth Burleson

This article analyzes the importance of increasing civil society actor access to and influence in international legal and policy negotiations, drawing from academic scholarship on governance, conservation and environmental sustainability, natural resource management, observations of civil society actors, and the authors’ experiences as participants in international environmental negotiations.

Go to article

Robust Exclusion Through Loyalty Discounts, Einer Elhauge, Abraham L. Wickelgren Jan 2010

Robust Exclusion Through Loyalty Discounts, Einer Elhauge, Abraham L. Wickelgren

Abraham L. Wickelgren

We consider loyalty discounts whereby the seller promises to give buyers who commit to buy from it a lower price than the seller gives to uncommitted buyers. We show that an incumbent seller can use loyalty discounts to soften price competition between itself and a rival, which raises market prices to all buyers. Each individual buyer’s agreement to a loyalty discount externalizes most of the harm of that individual agreement onto all the other buyers. The resulting externality among buyers makes it possible for an incumbent to induce buyers to sign these contracts even if they reduce buyer and total …

Go to article

Staying Put: A Rebuttal To Tiebout, Bruce D. Mcdonald Iii Jan 2010

Staying Put: A Rebuttal To Tiebout, Bruce D. Mcdonald Iii

Bruce D. McDonald, III

Charles Tiebout’s belief that people “vote with their feet” for communities with optimal combinations of public goods and tax levels has played a pivotal role in local public financing since it was first published in 1956. Despite the reliance upon Tiebout’s hypothesis within the literature, recent empirical work has shown mixed support. While researchers have begun to reconsider the modeling techniques used, what they have missed is a recent change in the nature of local governments. A rising belief within the organizational literature is that institutions gain legitimacy through isomorphic tendencies. This paper follows the isomorphic debate and suggests that …

Go to article

The Defense-Growth Relationship: An Economic Investigation Into Post-Soviet States, Bruce D. Mcdonald Iii, Robert J. Eger Iii Jan 2010

The Defense-Growth Relationship: An Economic Investigation Into Post-Soviet States, Bruce D. Mcdonald Iii, Robert J. Eger Iii

Bruce D. McDonald, III

An important question stemming from the collapse of the Soviet Union is how defense spending has influenced the economic performance of the 15 member states since their establishment as market economies. This study furthers the understanding of the relationship between defense spending and economic growth using data from the states of the former Soviet Union from 1992 to 2007. A nonlinear production function was used for direct effects, and models of investment and employment were employed for indirect effects. Contrary to expectations, the findings show that continued reliance on the defense sector in post-Soviet states has helped overall economic growth. …

Go to article

What Does Kosovo Teach Us About Using Human Rights Law To Prosecute Corruption Offences?, Bryane Michael Jan 2010

What Does Kosovo Teach Us About Using Human Rights Law To Prosecute Corruption Offences?, Bryane Michael

Bryane Michael (bryane.michael@stcatz.ox.ac.uk)

If a patient must pay a bribe to obtain life-saving surgery, does the doctor’s solicitation of a bribe represent a violation of the victim’s human rights? This paper explores the ways in which anti-corruption practitioners can look to various provisions in human rights law in order to prevent or prosecute corruption-related offences. We use Kosovo as a case study because its constitution gives direct effect to the major international human rights conventions. We find -- using Kosovo as a case study -- that some types of corruption lead to separately prosecutable human rights offences. We also find that pre-existing violations …

Go to article

What Do We Know About Corruption (And Anti-Corruption) In Customs?, Bryane Michael, Nigel Moore Jan 2010

What Do We Know About Corruption (And Anti-Corruption) In Customs?, Bryane Michael, Nigel Moore

Bryane Michael (bryane.michael@stcatz.ox.ac.uk)

What are the lessons from anti-corruption programmes in Customs agencies over the last 20 years? The data suggest that many of the usual activities -- like codes of conduct and posters do not work. Internal inspectorates, and particularly internal audit, has a large effect on reducing corruption. A review of the literature and best practice presented.

Go to article

Do Customs Trade Facilitation Programmes Help Reduce Customs-Related Corruption?, Bryane Michael, Frank Ferguson, Alisher Karimov Jan 2010

Do Customs Trade Facilitation Programmes Help Reduce Customs-Related Corruption?, Bryane Michael, Frank Ferguson, Alisher Karimov

Bryane Michael (bryane.michael@stcatz.ox.ac.uk)

Customs-related corruption costs World Customs Organisation (WCO) members at least $2 billion in customs revenue each year. Using recent data only about bribe payers’ actual experiences in paying bribes, we show that trade facilitation would only help reduce corruption and improve efficiency – in a large number of customs agencies -- if the customs agency’s director undertakes a big-bang approach to reform. We also find support for the corruption clubs theory – that customs agencies in the process of reform are either moving toward OECD levels of integrity and efficiency; or they are sliding toward a “red zone” group of …

Go to article

Foreign Under-Investment In Us Securities And The Role Of Relational Capital, Bryane Michael Jan 2010

Foreign Under-Investment In Us Securities And The Role Of Relational Capital, Bryane Michael

Bryane Michael (bryane.michael@stcatz.ox.ac.uk)

Over 70 academic papers attempt to explain why foreigners invest in US securities. All ignore the vital role of the US broker-dealer. Macroeconomic factors like a trade balance or corporate governance may guide foreign investors toward certain markets. But US broker-dealers provide information to foreign investors and execute the actual trades. We hypothesize that particular foreign investors under-invest in US securities because of a lack of relational capital with US broker-dealers. We find that broker-dealer marketing intensity in foreign markets partly explains foreigners’ decisions to invest in US securities. We also estimate “pent-up” demand for US securities in developing countries …

Go to article

The Size And Structure Of Government, Bryane Michael, Maja Popov Jan 2010

The Size And Structure Of Government, Bryane Michael, Maja Popov

Bryane Michael (bryane.michael@stcatz.ox.ac.uk)

Does government size and structure adapt to changes in government’s organisational environment (particularly to uncertainty and complexity) as predicted by organisational theory? We find – using a range of statistical analyses – support for each of the major theories of organisation adaptation (the contingency-based view, resource-based view, and rational choice view). We find that both government size and structure change – holding other factors constant – for changes in the uncertainty and complexity of governments’ organisational environments. We find seven clusters of governments which adapt their organisational sizes differently in response to changes in the uncertainty and complexity of their …

Go to article

An Investigation Of Speech Enhancement Using Wavelet Filtering Method, International Journal Of Speech Technology, Philadelphia University Jan 2010

An Investigation Of Speech Enhancement Using Wavelet Filtering Method, International Journal Of Speech Technology, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Jordanian Commercial Bank Strategies In High- Rate Of Return Realization And Its Relation With Liquidity Gap Management Performance, Philadelphia University Jan 2010

Jordanian Commercial Bank Strategies In High- Rate Of Return Realization And Its Relation With Liquidity Gap Management Performance, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Testing Lyoequivalency For Three Commercially Sustainedrelease Tablets Containing Diltiazem Hydrochloride, Philadelphia University Jan 2010

Testing Lyoequivalency For Three Commercially Sustainedrelease Tablets Containing Diltiazem Hydrochloride, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Novel And The Experimentation, Philadelphia University Jan 2010

The Novel And The Experimentation, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Neural-Network-Based Fuzzy Identifier: Design And Evaluation, Philadelphia University Jan 2010

Neural-Network-Based Fuzzy Identifier: Design And Evaluation, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Using Database Marketing To Enhance Direct Marketing Alternatives In Jordanian Industrial Shareholders Corporations, Philadelphia University Jan 2010

Using Database Marketing To Enhance Direct Marketing Alternatives In Jordanian Industrial Shareholders Corporations, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Non-Tariff Measures: Impact, Regulation, And Trade Facilitation, Olivier Cadot, Sebastian Saez, Maryla Maliszewska Jan 2010

Non-Tariff Measures: Impact, Regulation, And Trade Facilitation, Olivier Cadot, Sebastian Saez, Maryla Maliszewska

Olivier Cadot

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Dynamic Endogenous Risk And Social Accounting, Ram Ranjan, Jason Shogren Jan 2010

Dynamic Endogenous Risk And Social Accounting, Ram Ranjan, Jason Shogren

Ram Ranjan

Investments to reduce risk against personal or natural hazards have been explored through static models that have not addressed inter-temporal considerations and the presence of multiple risks. We extend the endogenous risk literature—self-protection and self-insurance against risky events—into a dynamic setting and relate our findings to the social accounting literature. In addition, we derive implications for behavior when people are faced with multiple risks. The findings suggest how the nature of the risks surrounding the person helps determine the time path and extent of efforts over any particular risk. The results also point out the limitations of existing willingness to …

Go to article

Influencing Keynes: The Intellectual Origins Of The General Theory, Steven Kates Jan 2010

Influencing Keynes: The Intellectual Origins Of The General Theory, Steven Kates

Steven Kates

Richard Kahn aside, from which other economist did Keynes derive even a single idea found in the General Theory? As a reading of almost the entire literature on the transition from the Treatise on Money will show, there is no economist to whom Keynes gave the slightest credit as an influence on the arguments found in the text nor are such influences an important part of the subsequent literature. Yet for all that, Keynes owed major debts to a number of economists from whose works he took significant components without acknowledgment. His taking the words “supply creates its own demand” …

Go to article

John Rawls's Difference Principle And The Strains Of Commitment: A Diagrammatic Exposition, Greg Hill Jan 2010

John Rawls's Difference Principle And The Strains Of Commitment: A Diagrammatic Exposition, Greg Hill

Greg Hill

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Some Wittgensteinian Reservationas About Neuroeconomics, Greg Hill Jan 2010

Some Wittgensteinian Reservationas About Neuroeconomics, Greg Hill

Greg Hill

Abstract: In Economic Theory and Cognitive Science, Don Ross proposes a radical reconstruction of neoclassical economics, retaining its rational-choice framework while substituting neural networks and other “mechanisms” for people as the prototypical decision-making agents. This essay describes some of the difficulties that arise when concepts belonging to what Wittgenstein called the human “form of life” are invoked to explain the behavior of such sub-personal “agents” as parts of the brain. The result is a misbegotten conception of “agency” and a “cyborg economics” the subject matter of which bears little relation to what economists and ordinary people mean by “making a …

Go to article

Using Actual Betting Percentages To Analyze Sportsbook Behavior: The Canadian And Arena Football Leagues, Rodney Paul, Andrew P. Weinbach, Kristin K. Paul Jan 2010

Using Actual Betting Percentages To Analyze Sportsbook Behavior: The Canadian And Arena Football Leagues, Rodney Paul, Andrew P. Weinbach, Kristin K. Paul

Rodney J. Paul

Sportsbook behavior is tested for the Canadian and Arena Football Leagues using real sportsbook betting percentages from on-line sportsbooks. The balanced book hypothesis of the traditional sportsbook models does not appear to hold for these leagues, as favorites and overs attract more than 50 percent of the betting dollars. Although there is some slight evidence toward shading the line in these directions, there is also no overwhelming evidence supporting the Levitt (2004) hypothesis, as sportsbooks do not appear to be actively pricing to maximize profits. In general, the results seem more consistent with the sportsbook pricing as a forecast, content …

Go to article

The Forward Premium Puzzle Across Maturities, Liang Ding, Linh To Jan 2010

The Forward Premium Puzzle Across Maturities, Liang Ding, Linh To

Liang Ding

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Counting The Cost, Marc A. Clauson Jan 2010

Counting The Cost, Marc A. Clauson

Marc A. Clauson, J.D., Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Go to article

First Prev