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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Effects Of Minimum Wage Increase On Employment In Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises In Korea, Hyunah Kim
Effects Of Minimum Wage Increase On Employment In Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises In Korea, Hyunah Kim
Undergraduate Economic Review
In Korea, where SMEs dominantly provide most of the jobs in labor market, how SMEs respond to an increase in the minimum wage in terms of employment can be a critical factor of job provision in Korean labor market. This paper mainly examines the effect of the minimum wage increase on employment in SMEs in Korea by using a difference-in-differences methodology, and finds that raising the minimum wage has on average significantly reduced total employment in all sizes of SMEs relative to large enterprises. The finding in this paper suggests that raising the minimum wage rate may incur loss of …
Effect Of Unemployment Length On Employment Expectations, Kamyar Kamyar
Effect Of Unemployment Length On Employment Expectations, Kamyar Kamyar
Undergraduate Economic Review
Unemployment often has devastating effects on individuals -- both in financial and psychological terms. Depending on the type and category of unemployment, its length varies; and as its length increases it may implement biased thought in individuals’ predictions regarding future employment. This paper’s primary purpose is to measure and discuss how the time length that one has been unemployed for affects his or her expectations on his or her own short-term possibility of employment. The results suggest a strong opposite link between one’s prediction of future employment and the same person’s prior unemployment period. This paper was originally written in …
Examining The Afqt As A Proxy For Human Capital, Jaret L. Kanarek
Examining The Afqt As A Proxy For Human Capital, Jaret L. Kanarek
Undergraduate Economic Review
I examine whether the Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT) is a suitable proxy for human capital skills by testing the hypothesis that those factors most germane to human capital skills acquisition will most affect AFQT score. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of the Youth and OLS regression analysis, I find that strict and loose human capital factors are robust determinants of AFQT score, and thus the AFQT is a suitable proxy for human capital skills. However, its use as such requires specification that the AFQT is not a catchall for human capital factors, as it is significantly related …
The Effects Of Background Factors On Afqt Score, Jaret Kanarek
The Effects Of Background Factors On Afqt Score, Jaret Kanarek
Honors Projects
The introduction of the National Longitudinal Survey of the Youth (NLSY) 1979 and 1997 cohorts made Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT) score data widely available and has thus dramatically increased its use in academic research. However, there is strong evidence that a wide variety of background factors, such as poverty status, race, and parent’s education level, affect AFQT score. Human capital theory, in conjunction with the pathways framework, suggests that these background factors have both direct and indirect effects on AFQT score. The focus of this research is measuring some of the important direct and indirect pathways through which background …
Youth Aptitude As A Predictor Of Adulthood Income, Jaret Kanarek
Youth Aptitude As A Predictor Of Adulthood Income, Jaret Kanarek
Undergraduate Economic Review
I examine the relationship between youth aptitude and adulthood income. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of the Youth 1979 cohort and OLS regression analysis, I test the hypothesis that a higher 1981 Armed Forces Qualifications Test (AFQT) score is directly related to a higher income in 2010, ceteris paribus. First, a single regression equation is run for educational attainment subgroups at the time of taking the AFQT. Second, a regression equation including total lifetime educational attainment, and one that excludes it, are run to examine potential co-linearity between AFQT score and educational attainment. The results show that AFQT is significant …
Immigrants, Medicaid, And The Deficit Reduction Act, Nicholas T. Fritsch
Immigrants, Medicaid, And The Deficit Reduction Act, Nicholas T. Fritsch
Undergraduate Economic Review
This study examines the effects of the Deficit Reduction Act (DRA) on immigrant Medicaid participation using data from the 2005 and 2007 March supplements of the Current Population Survey. The DRA made changes to Medicaid coverage laws by requiring proof of citizenship for eligibility rather than a sworn statement, as was the case prior to the DRA, thus reducing the non-citizen/non-legal permanent resident use of Medicaid. A difference-in-difference methodology is used, and the research finds that the laws were effective in decreasing non-citizen use of Medicaid relative to citizens, though there is a possibility of “chilling effects” on eligible non-citizens.