Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Analyzing And Decomposing South African Income Inequality By Income Source, Race, And Poverty Level For 2008 And 2014, Zia Saylor
Undergraduate Economic Review
In South Africa’s apartheid regime a white minority controlled the black African majority from 1948 until 1994, creating income and wealth inequalities between the different races that linger today. This paper uses data from the 2008 and 2014 National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS) to understand income inequalities within and between racial categories, to examine how different income sources contribute to overall income inequality, and to study how the interaction between race and poverty shapes the inequality between African households when decomposing into subgroups above and below the poverty line. For this study, I use Gini coefficients to measure inequality. My …
Labor Market Monopsony And Wage Inequality: Evidence From Online Labor Market Vacancies, Samuel I. Thorpe
Labor Market Monopsony And Wage Inequality: Evidence From Online Labor Market Vacancies, Samuel I. Thorpe
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper estimates the effects of employer labor market power on wage inequality in the United States. I find that inequality as measured by interdecile range is 23.7% higher in perfectly monopsonistic labor markets than in perfectly competitive markets, even when controlling for commuting zone and occupation fixed effects. I also decompose these results into 50/10 and 90/50 ratios, finding much larger impacts on inequality among low earners. These results suggest that monopsony power has significant and policy-relevant impacts on wage inequality, and particularly harms the lowest earning subsets of the labor force.
Foreign Capital Inflows And Economic Well-Being: A Statistical Analysis Of 46 Sub-Saharan African Countries From 1995-2015, Alexander M. Csanadi
Foreign Capital Inflows And Economic Well-Being: A Statistical Analysis Of 46 Sub-Saharan African Countries From 1995-2015, Alexander M. Csanadi
Undergraduate Economic Review
Variation in the economic well-being among sub-Saharan African countries is among the highest of any region in the world. This paper attempts to address this disparity by exploring the role of foreign capital inflows. This project extends the concept of well-being beyond GDP growth, to include measures of poverty and inequality. A multivariate regression analysis finds that the observed capital inflows have significant effects on all three measurements of well-being. Findings suggest that the level of affluence of the domestic population has significant effects on the ability of those populations to translate diaspora remittances into improvements in well-being.
Measuring Health Outcomes Of Uncovered Employment: A Study Of Income, Social Mobility, Equality, And Health Indicators In An Under-Looked Segment Of The Labor Force, Zakariya Kmir
Undergraduate Economic Review
Economists have strongly supported the idea that unemployment causes many undesirable health outcomes. However, how does belonging to a different sector of employment tied closely to changes in minimum wage and inflation relate to overall health? To properly understand the numerical significance of health disparities in the uncovered sector of employment, this research is targeted at quantifying the relationship between the insured and non-insured within the uncovered sector. By substantiating the existence of severe health disparities as a function of the labor force dynamic, this research subsequently estimates the amount of inefficiency and negative health outcomes in the US economy …
Obamacare And The Fight Against Income Inequality, Perry T. Mindo Jr
Obamacare And The Fight Against Income Inequality, Perry T. Mindo Jr
Undergraduate Economic Review
In this paper, we analyze the Affordable Care Act to determine the magnitude and significance of its effects on income inequality in America. Specifically, we find that the ACA decreased the Gini coefficient by 0.67% and reduced the share of income held by the top 20 percent of income earners by 0.67% over the time period of our study. Furthermore, we estimate that the ACA accounts for a redistribution of approximately $13 billion from the top 20 percent of income earners to the bottom 80 percent of income earners.
To Be Made Sick By Medicine: Quantitative Easing And Inequality After The Financial Crisis, Giulio Alberto Bianchi
To Be Made Sick By Medicine: Quantitative Easing And Inequality After The Financial Crisis, Giulio Alberto Bianchi
Undergraduate Economic Review
During the Global Financial Crisis, central banks attempted to counter the economic downturn by reinforcing their conventional policy toolset with an extensive range of unconventional monetary policies. Paramount amongst these policies was Quantitative Easing (QE), which involves the creation of electronic money to conduct large-scale asset purchases. QE has been accused of increasing economic inequality from multiple political standpoints. By analytically weighing QE’s effects on different groups of households, this paper attempts to establish whether the Federal Reserve System, the European Central Bank and the Bank of England fostered income and wealth inequality during the post-crisis period in the areas …
The Composition Of Fiscal Adjustments: Economic And Social Implications, David Vilalta
The Composition Of Fiscal Adjustments: Economic And Social Implications, David Vilalta
Undergraduate Economic Review
We examine episodes of fiscal adjustments in OECD countries from 2000 to 2014 and analyse its short- and long-run impact on economic growth and inequality. This paper offers two results. First, in line with previous literature, we find that in the short run, spending-based adjustments are more expansionary than tax-based adjustments, although they are associated with higher inequality. Second, we find that in the long run, spending-based adjustments are still more expansionary, and their impact on inequality is smaller than that of tax-based adjustments.
Employment Protection And Income Inequality: Is There A Role For The Informal Sector?, Eleni Gkinni, Eleni Vasilaki
Employment Protection And Income Inequality: Is There A Role For The Informal Sector?, Eleni Gkinni, Eleni Vasilaki
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper seeks to examine the effect of employment protection on income inequality. By employing the employment protection data developed by Botero et al. (2004) as well as well established measures of economic inequality for a sample of 83 countries, our analysis suggests that increased employment protection is negatively associated with income inequality. This relationship remains highly robust across several different specifications and estimation methods. In addition, our analysis places the spotlight on the role of the informal economy and investigates how the presence of informal sector may affect the above mentioned relationship. Our results suggest that in the presence …