Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

L'Italia Disuguale, Mario Pianta

Mario Pianta

L’Europa Della Finanza, Mario Pianta

Mario Pianta

No abstract provided.

Adverse Selection And Incentives In An Early Retirement Program, Kenneth T. Whelan, Ronald G. Ehrenberg, Kevin F. Hallock, Ronald L. Seeber

Ronald G. Ehrenberg

We evaluate potential determinants of enrollment in an early retirement incentive program for non-tenure-track employees of a large university. Using administrative record on the eligible population of employees not covered by collective bargaining agreements, historical employee count and layoff data by budget units, and public information on unit budgets, we find dips in per-employee finance in a budget unit during the application year and higher recent per employee layoffs were associated with increased probabilities of eligible employee program enrollment. Our results also suggest, on average, that employees whose salaries are lower than we would predict given their personal characteristics and …

Economic And Statistical Analysis Of Discrimination In Hiring, Ronald G. Ehrenberg, Robert Smith

Ronald G. Ehrenberg

Legal and administrative determinations of employers' compliance with "equal employment opportunity" (EEO) requirements often hinge on the Issue of the availability of protected class members to employers. That is, courts and affirmative action review agencies compare the hire rates of protected class members (the ratio of the number of protected class members hired to the number who applied or who were potentially available) to the comparable ratio for other applicants, in assessing whether an employer's hiring policies meet the standards required of them by equal opportunity regulations. The purpose of this paper is to review what economic theory suggests affects …

An Economic Analysis Of The Market For Law School Students, Ronald G. Ehrenberg

Ronald G. Ehrenberg

This study utilizes data from a number of sources to estimate how lawyers' starting salaries relate to their ability, the quality of law school they attended, and whether the law school was a private institution. Based upon this analysis, a benefit—cost analysis is conducted of the value of attending a high-quality private institution. Analyses are also done of how the financial attractiveness of law vis-a-vis other careers has changed in recent years and a conceptual framework discussed for law schools to use in allocating their financial aid resources.

Entrepreneurship Education In The Research-Intensive Entrepreneurial University, Edward Feser

Edward J Feser

Knowledge commercialisation and commodification are important components of universities’ “Third Mission” to contribute to the development of their home regions by strengthening their engagement with the public, private, and third sectors. Entrepreneurship education programmes have tended to develop in parallel to such “entrepreneurial university” initiatives, rather than in intentional alignment with them. This is reflected in the research literature as well, where the analysis of the “entrepreneurial university” and studies of entrepreneurship education have little overlap. This paper examines the evolution of the entrepreneurship education initiative of a single research-intensive institution—the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom—and the ways …

Isserman's Impact: Quasi-Experimental Comparison Group Designs In Regional Research, Edward Feser

Edward J Feser

Applications using quasi-experimental comparison group designs in regional science and geography have increased substantially over the last three decades, inspired by the work of Andrew Isserman and colleagues in the 1980s and 1990s, robust literatures on quasi-experimental design in fields like education and psychology, a vast program evaluation literature, observational studies methodology in statistics, and the growing interest in experimental and non-experimental (natural) designs in empirical economics. This paper discusses the state of quasi-experimental comparison group research today, with a primary focus on studies in which regions—Census tracts, counties, cities, metropolitan areas, provinces, or states—are the units of analysis. There …

Efficiency And Substitutability Of Transit Subsidies And Other Urban Transport Policies, Leonardo Basso, Hugo E. Silva

Hugo E. Silva

This paper analyzes the efficiency and the substitutability between three urban congestion management policies: transit subsidization, car congestion pricing and dedicated bus lanes. The model features user heterogeneity, cross-congestion effects between cars and transit, inter-temporal and total transport demand elasticities, and is simulated using data for London, UK and Santiago, Chile. We find that the substitutability between policies is large and, in particular, the marginal contribution of increased transit subsidies, as other policies are implemented first, diminishes rapidly. Bus lanes are an attractive way to increase frequencies and decrease fares without injecting public funds.

Beyond Nemesis And Salvation: A Reorientation Of The Debate On The Greek Economic Crisis, Nikolaos Tzifakis, Pantelis Sklias

Nikolaos Tzifakis

No abstract provided.

Multilateral Development Banks And The International Monetary Fund, Paul Clements

Paul Clements

No abstract provided.

Spillovers Of Veterans Hospice Care: The Economic And Social Impact Of Palliative Care, Maximiliano Mendieta, Bruce D. Mcdonald Iii

Bruce D. McDonald, III

In exchange for military service in the United States, soldiers are promised a benefits package inclusive of health and education after the completion of their service. While the economic effects of the defense-growth relationship are well known, this study takes a unique approach to understanding the relationship between veterans and society by investigating the social and economic spillovers of veterans hospice care. This study shows that as an early adopter of hospice care, the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs maximized its efficiency through sponsoring innovative research on geriatric care, introducing competition into the health sector, and legitimizing death and dying …

What We Do And Do Not Know: The Social Implications Of Defense, Bruce D. Mcdonald Iii

Bruce D. McDonald, III

The relationship between defense spending and economic growth has been a major topic of research and political debate for more than one hundred years. Although the relationship of interest is economically oriented, its theoretical underpinning has relied upon the social spillovers of the defense sector. This includes programs on community health, education, and access to technology. Despite this reliance, little is known about what social spillovers. This paper furthers our understanding of the defense-growth relationship by introducing the social spillovers that exist and clarifying how those spillovers occur. The author concludes with a discussion about the direction of future research …

Exploring The Effects Of ‘Green Energy Economy’ Policies For Transforming The Swedish Building Stock, L. Mundaca T., J. Generosi

Luis Mundaca

Following the 2008–2009 global financial crisis, ‘green energy economy’ packages have been implemented to stimulate sustainable economic growth in several Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Clearly focused on the energy sector, these packages typically include energy-efficiency policy measures and aim to encourage the transition towards a low-carbon economy. We take the Swedish single- and two-household residential sector as a case study for an ex-ante assessment of ‘green energy’ policies that target energy efficiency improvements. We use the EEB_Sweden v1.0 modelling tool to quantitatively evaluate various green energy policy scenarios. We simulate two baselines and three policy scenarios …

Walking Away From A Low-Carbon Economy? Recent And Historical Trends Using A Regional Decomposition Analysis, Luis Mundaca T., Anil Markandya, Jørgen Nørgaard

Luis Mundaca

Using the latest available data, this article provides the first regional decomposition analysis of CO2 emissions from fuel combustion. Covering eight regions of the world, determinants are estimated in relative and absolute terms for the period 1971-2010. We take the 2010 global surge in CO2 emissions as an entry point for the analysis. Overall, results show that most regions have recently performed worse than their historical trends and lack of meaningful progress is identified. Whereas specific drivers for certain regions suggest some level of continuous improvement (e.g. reduced energy intensity in Asia), they are incapable of offsetting the effects of …

Walking Away From A Low-Carbon Economy?, Luis Mundaca, Anil Markandya, Jørgen Nørgaard

Luis Mundaca

Using the latest available data, this brief article attempts to provide the first regional decomposition analysis of CO2 emissions from fuel combustion. Covering eight regions of the world, determinants are estimated in relative and absolute terms for the period 1971-2010. We take the 2010 global surge in CO2 emissions as an entry point for the analysis. Overall, results show that most regions have recently performed worse than their historical trends and lack of meaningful progress is identified. Whereas specific drivers for certain regions suggest some level of continuous improvement (e.g. reduced energy intensity in Asia), they are incapable of offsetting …

Economic Development: Resolving The Parallel Universe Dilemma, Laura Wolf-Powers

Laura Wolf-Powers

New York City’s stunning economic development progress in recent years coexists with severe poverty and with the

chronic disconnection of thousands of residents from the formal economy. While local government is constrained in trying to address inequalities arising in part from large-scale economic restructuring (Peterson 1981), policy in recent decades has been characterized by a lack of motivation to use the tools that are available, as well as the continued use of fiscally unsound subsidy practices and frequent disregard for neighborhood-based businesses. This paper, written as part of a suite of policy briefs meant to inform the 2013 New York …