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Articles 391 - 420 of 471
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Living On The Edge: Consumption And Class At The Keith Site, Maria O'Donovan, Lou Ann Wurst
Living On The Edge: Consumption And Class At The Keith Site, Maria O'Donovan, Lou Ann Wurst
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Ceramics from the Keith Site, a farmstead in upstate New York, are principally expensive, early nineteenth century table and tea vessels. Documentary evidence places the site occupation at the mid-century which is confirmed by TPQ dates. Moreover, the site's residents were lower class farmers and other artifact classes show little investment in consumption. These discrepancies become clear when we consider the high diversity of ceramic vessels, which we would expect if the site residents purchased older, cheaper vessels in "odd lots." Consumer choise models rest on ideologically loaded assumptions of free will and unlimited choice in the market place. The …
Rethinking The Mengkom-Mixing Bowl: Salvage Archaeology At The Johannes Luyster House, A Dutch-American Farm, Gerard P. Scharfenberger, Richard F. Veit
Rethinking The Mengkom-Mixing Bowl: Salvage Archaeology At The Johannes Luyster House, A Dutch-American Farm, Gerard P. Scharfenberger, Richard F. Veit
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Salvage excavations at the Johannes Luyster Farm (28Mo261) revleade extensive archaeological depostis reflecting three centuries of life on a Dutch-American farm. These deposties, when taken in conjunction with the architecture of the house and surviving primary documents, provide a glimpse of the changing lifestyles of the Jersey Dutch during the 19th century. Although the Luysters maintained some aspects of their ethnic heritage, they also participated in many aspects of the larger society. Case studies of the individual sites such as this one are a first step towards understanding the interrelationships between national trends and their local manifestations. Furthermore, they highlight …
Burning Down The House: The Archaeological Manifestation Of Fire On Historic Domestic Sites, Dena Doroszenko
Burning Down The House: The Archaeological Manifestation Of Fire On Historic Domestic Sites, Dena Doroszenko
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This paper examines the manifestation of fire as found archaeologically at two historic domestic sites in Ontario. Each site experienced a burning episode of varying significance in the property's history. Soil deposition, debris fields, heat alteration of artifacts, fire intensity, and types of fire debris are discussed.
What Is It? Archaeological Evidence Of 19th-Century Agricultural Drainage Systems, Sherene Baugher
What Is It? Archaeological Evidence Of 19th-Century Agricultural Drainage Systems, Sherene Baugher
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Farm drainage was an integral part of the agricultural revloution of the 19th century- a tim during which farmers applied scientific practices to increase the productivity of their farms. As archaeologiests excavate larger portions of the 19th century farmsteads beyond the immediate area surrounding the farmhouse and barns, they will begin to uncover drainage systems more frequently. How do you know you have located a non-tile drainage system? What can drains actually tell you about the farmer and the farmstead? The goal of this paper is to help colleagues save time when working on farm sites by presenting a reference …
Recovering Information Worth Knowing: Developing More Discriminating Approaches For Selecting Nineteenth-Century Rural Domestic Sites And Farmsteads, Karen D. Mccann, Robert L. Ewing
Recovering Information Worth Knowing: Developing More Discriminating Approaches For Selecting Nineteenth-Century Rural Domestic Sites And Farmsteads, Karen D. Mccann, Robert L. Ewing
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This article examines the difficulties faced by one state agency (NYSDOT) when the primary focus of a cultural resource survey program shifts from managing rare and clearly significant archaeological sites to a cultural resource survey program that addresses the more commonly found historical archaeological sites associated with mid to late 19th-century farmsteads and rural domestic sites. It encourages a critical review of cultural resource survey results in order to develop meaningful and effective selection criteria for deciding how limited public funds should be allocated for cultural resource surveys.
The Archaeology Of 19th-Century Farmsteads: The Results Of A Workshop Held At The 1997 Annual Meeting Of The Council For Northeast Historical Archaeology, Terry H. Klein, George L. Miller, Mark Shaffer, Wade Catts, Mary Beaudry, Lu Ann De Cunzo, Dena Doroszenko
The Archaeology Of 19th-Century Farmsteads: The Results Of A Workshop Held At The 1997 Annual Meeting Of The Council For Northeast Historical Archaeology, Terry H. Klein, George L. Miller, Mark Shaffer, Wade Catts, Mary Beaudry, Lu Ann De Cunzo, Dena Doroszenko
Northeast Historical Archaeology
A workshop was held at the 1997 annual meeting of the Council for Northeast Historical Archaeology (CNEHA) to address the question "What do we do with 19th-century farmsteads in the Northeast?" The workshop involved several brainstorming sessions in which the participants examined topics and problems associated with current approaches to the archaeological investigation of farmstead sites. These brainstorming sessions examined questions such as: "What is a 19th-century farmstead?" "What are the research and public values of these sites?" "Which sites should be examined?" and "How should these sites be investigated?" The workshop ended with the development of an action agenda …
Introduction: The Archaeology Of Nineteenth-Century Farmsteads In Northeastern Canada And The United States, Sherene Baugher, Terry H. Klein
Introduction: The Archaeology Of Nineteenth-Century Farmsteads In Northeastern Canada And The United States, Sherene Baugher, Terry H. Klein
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This introduction to this joint volume discusses the importance of 19th century farmstead sites as discussed at the 1997 annual CNEHA meeting in Altoona, Pennsylvania. This meeting examined the current issues associated with the approach to archaeological investigations of 19th-century farmsteads.
The Human Transformation Of Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Pacific Ocean), Terry L. Hunt, Carl P. Lipo
The Human Transformation Of Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Pacific Ocean), Terry L. Hunt, Carl P. Lipo
Anthropology Faculty Scholarship
Rapa Nui (Easter Island) has become widely known as a case study of human-induced environmental catastrophe resulting in cultural collapse. The island's alleged "ecocide" is offered as a cautionary tale of our own environmental recklessness. The actual archaeological and historical record for the island reveals that while biodiversity loss unfolded, the ancient Polynesians persisted and succeeded. Demographic "collapse" came with epidemics of Old World diseases introduced by European visitors. In this paper, we outline the process of prehistoric landscape transformation that took place on Rapa Nui. This process includes the role of humans using fire to remove forest and convert …
Concluding Thoughts On The Finger Lakes National Forestarchaeology Project, James A. Delle
Concluding Thoughts On The Finger Lakes National Forestarchaeology Project, James A. Delle
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This is a conclusion to the research compiled in this issue. Delle impresses the importance of GIS for this research as a burgeoning technology with much potential in this field of study.
Spatial Analysis And Archaeological Resources In The Fingerlakes National Forest, Thomas W. Cuddy
Spatial Analysis And Archaeological Resources In The Fingerlakes National Forest, Thomas W. Cuddy
Northeast Historical Archaeology
The objective of this article is to' test how some of the more sophisticated analytical capabilities of GIS can be applied to the data set of the Hector Backbone site in the Finger Lakes National Forest. In doing so it demonstrates how GIS can be used to model the spatial characteristics of the data compiled from the site.
Analyzing The Settlement Pattern Of The Burnt Hill Study Area, Karen B. Wehner, Karen G. Holmberg
Analyzing The Settlement Pattern Of The Burnt Hill Study Area, Karen B. Wehner, Karen G. Holmberg
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This article examines the strategies used by communities of farmers when faced wih economic decline. This is accomplished by analyzing historic map data from 1850-1940 to recreate and interpret settlement changes.
The Artifact Assemblage From The Finger Lakes Nationalforest Archaeology Project, Janet Six, Patrick J. Heaton, Susan Malin-Boyce, James A. Delle
The Artifact Assemblage From The Finger Lakes Nationalforest Archaeology Project, Janet Six, Patrick J. Heaton, Susan Malin-Boyce, James A. Delle
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This article examines the arifact assemblage from the Burnt Hill Study Area and reveals the utility of GIS databases for historical information available in the GIS database.
Farmsteads And Finances In The Finger Lakes: Using Archivalresources In A Gis Database, Patrick J. Heaton
Farmsteads And Finances In The Finger Lakes: Using Archivalresources In A Gis Database, Patrick J. Heaton
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This article discusses the importance of the examination of archival resources concerning the formerly existing farmsteads in the Finger Lakes National Forest Archaeology Project.
Analyzing Farm Layout And Farmstead Architecture, Mark Smith, James Boyle
Analyzing Farm Layout And Farmstead Architecture, Mark Smith, James Boyle
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This article refines the analysis through a discussion of how arhcaeological data recovered from individual farmstead ites were incorporated into the GIS database.
The Rural Settlement History Of The Hector Backbone, Patrick J. Heaton
The Rural Settlement History Of The Hector Backbone, Patrick J. Heaton
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This article presents a historical outline of the Hector Backbone region, which the other articles in the journal outline. It describes the region of Hector Backbone as being located between the traditional territories of the Cayuga nad the Seneca Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy. This is a general outline of the economic and demographic trends of that area from the 18th to 19th centuries.
Introduction To The Finger Lakes National Forest Archaeology Project, James A. Delle, James Boyle, Thomas W. Cuddy
Introduction To The Finger Lakes National Forest Archaeology Project, James A. Delle, James Boyle, Thomas W. Cuddy
Northeast Historical Archaeology
An introduction to the volume, which presents research conducted at the convergence of two projects. One, a survey
Volume Abstract, David B. Landon, James A. Delle, Patrick J. Heaton
Volume Abstract, David B. Landon, James A. Delle, Patrick J. Heaton
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This volume presents research conducted at the convergence of two projects: the first a survey, inventory, and assessment of historic sites located within the boundaries of the Finger Lakes National Forest, a small national forest located in central New York; the second a pedagogical experiment conducted in the spring of 1998, the goal of which was to assess how a rather typical CRM project could be used to train graduate students in archaeology in manipulating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology to control and interpret archaeological data. This convergence resulted in the construction of a GIS-based data management system for historic-period …
Appendix: Creating A Gis Project In Arcview, Thomas W. Cuddy
Appendix: Creating A Gis Project In Arcview, Thomas W. Cuddy
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This appendix was designed to introduce the unfamiliar to Geographic Information Systems (GIS), which the Finger Lakes Archaeological Project was designed in application for. This appendix provides the terminology and concepts surrounding the GID technology. It gives a condesnsed overview of the methods of GIS as well as some of the details of the application, ArcView, also used in the Finger Lakes Archaeological Project.
Book Review Of "Digging New Jersey's Past: Historical Archaeology In The Garden State" By Richard Veit, Sherene Baugher
Book Review Of "Digging New Jersey's Past: Historical Archaeology In The Garden State" By Richard Veit, Sherene Baugher
Northeast Historical Archaeology
A book review of Richard Veit's introduction to the hisotrical archaeology of New Jersey.
Book Review Of "Site Du Palais De L'Lntendant Chantier-Ecol De L'An 2000" By Marie-Michelle Dionne, Desiree-Emmanuelle Duchaine And Richard Lapointe, Pauline Desjardins
Book Review Of "Site Du Palais De L'Lntendant Chantier-Ecol De L'An 2000" By Marie-Michelle Dionne, Desiree-Emmanuelle Duchaine And Richard Lapointe, Pauline Desjardins
Northeast Historical Archaeology
A book review of this volume which deals with the research conducted in historical archaeology at the Universite Laval in Quebec City, Canada.
Book Review Of "Unearthing Gotham: The Archaeology Of New York City" By Anne-Marie Cantwell And Diana Dizerega Wall, Nancy J. Brighton
Book Review Of "Unearthing Gotham: The Archaeology Of New York City" By Anne-Marie Cantwell And Diana Dizerega Wall, Nancy J. Brighton
Northeast Historical Archaeology
A book review of Unearthing Gotham, which illustrates the over 11,000 years of prehistory and history represented by artifacts and archaeological remains recovered from beneath the streets of New York City.
Book Review Of "Myth, Memory, And The Making Of The American Landscape", Edited By Paul A. Shackel, Sherene Baugher
Book Review Of "Myth, Memory, And The Making Of The American Landscape", Edited By Paul A. Shackel, Sherene Baugher
Northeast Historical Archaeology
A review of Paul Shackel's edited volume which focuses on how important historical places have been interpreted to the public and why those interpretations have changed over time.
The Mississauga At The Head-Of-The-Lake: Examiningresponses To Cultural Upheaval At The Close Of The Fur Trade, John R. Triggs
The Mississauga At The Head-Of-The-Lake: Examiningresponses To Cultural Upheaval At The Close Of The Fur Trade, John R. Triggs
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Between 1780 and 1810 the Missis~auga, a member of the Algonquian speaking family of native groups in southern Ontario, experienced the disintegration of a 150 year old subsistence economy based on aseasonal round of hunting, gathering, fishing, and participation in the fur trade. Faced with a decreasing demand for furs and the loss of land through a series of surrenders to the Crown, the Mississauga were excluded from participation in the new agricultural economy, and within a period of two decades they bet;ame a marginalized people within Upper Canadian society. Excavations at the Beasley site, in Hamilton, Ontario provide an …
Whose Trash Is It, Anyway? A Stratigraphic And Ceramicanalysis Of The South Grove Midden (44fx762/17), Mountvernon, Virginia, Eleanor E. Breen
Whose Trash Is It, Anyway? A Stratigraphic And Ceramicanalysis Of The South Grove Midden (44fx762/17), Mountvernon, Virginia, Eleanor E. Breen
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Throughout the twenty-year history of professional archaeological excavations at George Washington's Mount Vernon, a single refuse feature represents the only deposit unearthed that can speak to the material manifestations of changes in the Washington households within a pre-Revolutionary War context. With the discovery of the large, oval-shaped feature that came to be known as the South Grove Midden (44FX762/17), Mount Vernon archaeologists realized they had uncovered a stratified deposit that could link the successive Washington households with their material culture. This paper asks: whose trash is it, anyway? To answer this question, I employ the methodology of increasingly specific seriation …
Excavations At The Thaddeus Stevens And Lydia Hamiltonsmith Site, Lancaster, Pennsylvania: Archaeological Evidencefor The Underground Railroad, James A. Delle, Mary Ann Levine
Excavations At The Thaddeus Stevens And Lydia Hamiltonsmith Site, Lancaster, Pennsylvania: Archaeological Evidencefor The Underground Railroad, James A. Delle, Mary Ann Levine
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This article reports on archaeological investigations conducted at the Thaddeus Stevens and Lydia Hamilton Smith Site in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The Stevens and Smith Site stands in the footprint of Ii proposed convention center and hotel complex, and will be partially destroyed by the construction. Stevens, a noted anti-slavery legislator, and Smith, his African American housekeeper and companion, are reputed to have been actively involved in the Underground Railroad during the 1850s. While little concrete evidence exists to corroborate the degree to which Stevens and Smith assisted fugitives escaping from enslavement, our excavations uncovered a modified cistern that may have been …
The Rise Of The Industrial Rural Tenant Laborers And The Rise Of The Industrial Economy: Historical Ethnography Of The Heminitz Property ,Site (36lh267), Upper Macungie Township, Lehigh County,Pennsylvania, Daniel N. Bailey, John W. Lawrence, Paul W. Schopp
The Rise Of The Industrial Rural Tenant Laborers And The Rise Of The Industrial Economy: Historical Ethnography Of The Heminitz Property ,Site (36lh267), Upper Macungie Township, Lehigh County,Pennsylvania, Daniel N. Bailey, John W. Lawrence, Paul W. Schopp
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This paper presents the results of excavations at the Heminitz Property Site (36LH267), a rural domestic site in Upper Macungie Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania; Excavation, .'of several spatially and temporally discrete features and midden deposits in yards surrounding the house produced 6,875 artifacts. Documentary research revealed that the ca. 1843 house was intended to house tenant families engaged in agricultural labor. Analysis of the archaeological and documentary records associated with this site and the region shows that inthe mid-1800s, agricultural laborers possessed similar material. culture to neighboring independent farmers, while subsisting at a lower level of consumption. The transiiionfromagricultural to …
Irritating Intimates: The Archaeoentomology Of Lice, Fleas, And Bedbugs, Allison Bain
Irritating Intimates: The Archaeoentomology Of Lice, Fleas, And Bedbugs, Allison Bain
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Ectoparasites, in the form of lice, fleas, and bedbugs, are often found in archaeological samples as indicated by archaeoentomological investigations in Europe, the Near East, Greenland, Iceland, and more recently in North America. Many historical texts, some dating as far back as the Classical Period, discuss ectoparasites, providing a lively repository of folk remedies. While archaeoentomological finds of ectoparasites are relatively new to the Northeast, these irritating intimates are found when care is taken to look for them.
"Ashes To Ashes And Dust To Dust": Observations On Humanskeletal Taphonomy At Two Historic Cemeteries In Northernrhode Island, Joseph N. Waller Jr.
"Ashes To Ashes And Dust To Dust": Observations On Humanskeletal Taphonomy At Two Historic Cemeteries In Northernrhode Island, Joseph N. Waller Jr.
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This paper reports on a study of human bone taphonomy at two historic period cemeteries in northern Rhode Island. The analyses demonstrate that various local factors contributed to the degradation of human bone at the two cemeteries under investigation. Factors investigated as part of this study include soil pH, soil texture, time elapsed since burial, and the age of the deceased at the time of death. The . study concludes that soil texture and soil permeability were more correlated with bone deterioration at the two historic cemeteries than soil acidity, which is commonly assumed to cause rapid bone deterioration in …
What The Warners Wore: An Archaeological Investigation Ofvisual Appearance, Carolyn L. White
What The Warners Wore: An Archaeological Investigation Ofvisual Appearance, Carolyn L. White
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Clothing fasteners, jewelry, and several fragmentary accessories were recovered in 18th-century contexts during excavations at the Warner House in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. These artifacts provide insight into the clothing and accessories worn by members of the three households that resided in the Warner House during the 18th and early-19th centuries. The visual appearance of the residents communicates information about gender and class affiliations on an individual basis and also places the individuals as members of larger gender and class groupings.
The Social And Material Lives Of The Agricultural Elite: The18th-Century Tyngs Of Dunstable, Massachusetts, Christa M. Beranek
The Social And Material Lives Of The Agricultural Elite: The18th-Century Tyngs Of Dunstable, Massachusetts, Christa M. Beranek
Northeast Historical Archaeology
The Tyngs were a wealthy family in Dunstable (now Tyngsborough), Massachusetts in the late- 17th and 18th centuries. They were descended from a Boston merchant, and maintained many commercial connections. Some members of the family became rural storekeepers in Dunstable. Historical research and archaeological data from Eleazer Tyng's house site show the different ways in which the Tyngs related themselves to the urban coastal elite, and participated in the culture of gentility and refinement. Through architecture, social connections, and material goods such as tea wares, they lived as rural elites with connections to the coast. Rather than directly mimicking the …