Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Book Review - North American Box Turtles: A Natural History, Neil P. Bernstein

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

While I have only studied box turtles for four years, from the beginning, I was quickly impressed at the many studies and observations that had been published on North American box turtles. At the same time, I was also frustrated by the lack of syntheses of the material. For the beginning researcher or interested layperson, organizing the studies into a cohesive whole was daunting, and I attempted my own loose compilation that took me most of a summer. However, there is now a new book that provides the background and overview that I sought. C. Kenneth Dodd, a longtime researcher …

Book Review - The Guide To Iowa's State Preserves, Cornelia F. Mutel

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

The Iowa State Preserves System gives the highest protection afforded by law to sites "dedicated for maintenance as nearly as possible in [their] natural condition." To date, ninety sites have been dedicated as biological, geological, archaeological, scenic, or historic preserves, declaring that such use is the site's "highest, best, and most important use for the public benefit" (State Preserves Act of 1965). In a state as dramatically altered as Iowa, such remnants are of intense interest to professional and amateur naturalists of all inclinations, as well as to anyone who appreciates nature. Yet understanding the basic qualities of these preserve …

The Effects Of Enclosure Type On Aggressive Behavior In Captive Chimpanzees, Erica Renee Findley

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Male chimpanzees are known to be aggressively territorial in the wild. It is expected that the limited enclosures of captivity would make them even more aggressive. The Kansas City Zoo was chosen as an ideal venue to explore this assumption because it boasts the largest outdoor enclosure of its kind, and the apes alternate between this and much smaller indoor housing. Quantitative data on crowd size, time of day, temperature, and frequency/intensity/duration of aggressive behaviors were recorded for the alpha male in both enclosures during 300 hours of observation. These data were used to test the following hypotheses: as measured …

Detection Of Giardia Duodenalis Antigen In Coprolites Using A Commercially Available Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Marcelo Luiz Carvalho Gonçalves, Adauto Araújo, Rosemere Duarte, Joaquim Pereira Da Silva, Karl Reinhard, Françoise Bouchet, Luis Fernando Ferreira

Karl Reinhard Publications

The objective of this experiment was to assess the utility of a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for diagnosis of giardiasis in archaeological human remains. The kit, a monoclonal antibody assay, is used to detect the presence of Giardia-specific antigen 65 (GSA65) in human feces. We utilized the assay in ancient fecal material. The material included desiccated feces found in mummies or in archaeological sites, and sediments from latrines. A total of 83 specimens, previously examined microscopically for parasites, were examined. The ELISA detected 3 positive samples, dated to about 1200 AD, 1600 AD, and 1700 AD. …

Multidisciplinary Coprolite Analysis, Karl Reinhard, Dennis R. Danielson, Mark Daniels, Sérgio Augusto De Miranda Chaves

Karl Reinhard Publications

Coprolite analysis, as reviewed by Reinhard and Bryant (1992), contributes unique and detailed information regarding diet and parasitic disease. We present here an analysis of dietary components of coprolites from Bighorn Cave using macroscopic remains, pollen concentrations, and phytoliths. In addition, we analyzed Bighorn Cave coprolites for evidence of parasitic organisms, especially intestinal worms. Such analyses of coprolites have become important methods for reconstructing past dietary and medicinal practices. Pollen concentration and phytolith quantification techniques have recently been developed, but until this report no known attempt has been made to synthesize pollen, macroscopic, and phytolith data from a single coprolite …

Broad Are Nebraska's Rolling Plains: The Early Writings Of George Bird Grinnell, Richard Vaughan

Articles by Maurer Faculty

Profiles the life of writer George Bird Grinnell (1849-1938) and the influence his first trip to Nebraska had in shaping his early writings about the American West. Among the works he published were several groundbreaking books about the Plains Indians of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Not only did this 1870 trip to Nebraska, as a member of O. C. Marsh’s first Yale Paleontological Expedition, influence Grinnell's scholarly endeavors, but his deep interest in the state also influenced his lifelong devotion to environmental preservation and established him as an important advocate for the protection and welfare of Native …

Seianti Hanunia Tlesnasa: A Re-Evaluation Of Her Skeleton In The British Museum, Marshall Joseph Becker

Anthropology & Sociology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

"Hitched To A Steam Engine": Marriage And Crises Of Gender At Park Church In Nineteenth-Century Elmira, New York, Bridget Louise Reddick

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

For Profit And Function: Consumption Patterns And Outward Expression Of Quakers As Seen Through Historical Documentation And 18th Century York County, Virginia Probate Inventories, Darby O'Donnell

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Patterns In Glass : The Interpretation Of European Glass Trade Beads From Two Protohistoric Sites In The Greater Lower Columbia Region, Gretchen Anne Kaehler

Dissertations and Theses

The issue of social status as it manifests in the archaeological record has long been a problematic one. Glass beads are often the most numerous class of historic artifacts recovered in protohistoric sites in the Pacific Northwest. Ethnohistoric accounts indicated that these beads might have functioned as prestige items and as a form of "primitive cash" among the aboriginal peoples of the Lower Columbia River in the early to mid 1800s. To what extent were glass beads indicative of status and can their spatial distribution within protohistoric sites be used to address this question?

The purpose of the present study …

Public Outreach And The "Hows" Of Archaeology : Archaeology As A Model For Education, Jon Darin Daehnke

Dissertations and Theses

There is growing awareness of the importance of public outreach in archaeology. Many professional archaeologists argue that in order to ensure continued funding we must communicate the relevance of our discipline to the public in a more effective manner. Furthermore, it is often argued that public outreach and education provides perhaps the only reliable defense against looting and rampant psuedoarchaeology.

Current outreach activities, however, tend to focus on what archaeologists have discovered about the past. While this type of outreach is important, a more effective model for public outreach would focus on the methods of archaeology, rather than the results. …

A Qualitative Analysis For Sex Determination In Humans Utilizing Posterior And Medial Aspects Of The Distal Humerus, Veronica L. Wanek

Dissertations and Theses

Visual and metric analysis both provide accepted methods for sex determination in humans. Visual ascertainment uses differing morphological traits in males and females to establish sex. Researchers have continually sought accurate methods of sexing long bones when skulls or pelves are absent or fragmented. These long bone elements may not have sexually distinct characteristics, but tend to survive in the field quite well.

Metric analysis depends on size dimorphism between males and females to correctly assign sex. Metric methods fail where the sexes overlap or when skeletal elements cannot be assigned to their correct biological population. Under these conditions, visual …

Etruscan Female Tooth Evulsion: Gold Dental Appliances As Ornaments, Marshall Joseph Becker

Anthropology & Sociology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The People Of Sicily: Studies Of Human Skeletal Remains And Of Human Biology From The Paleolithic To Modem Times, Marshall Joseph Becker

Anthropology & Sociology Faculty Publications

The analysis of human skeletal remains continues to be an important factor in the archaeological investigations of ancient cemeteries. Studies of human remains had become progressively marginalized in many parts of the classical world during the 20th century. Recently skeletal studies have re-emerged to become of increasing importance in reconstructing the culture history of Sicily. A review of the history of osteological and related investigations on Sicily, including publications and the recent initiation of several important studies in molecular biology, demonstrates the considerable progress made in recent years. This historical overview provides future researchers with a complete bibliography as well …

Equal Opportunity, Individual Liberty And Meritocracy In Education: Reinforcing Structures Of Privilege And Inequality, Christian Sundquist

Articles

The paradigm of equal opportunity inevitably seeks to reproduce and maintain structures of class and racial privilege. The deficit story of equal opportunity is as follows: equal opportunity is a truly objective, neutral, and fair method to allocate educational, employment, and political resources to members of society, without regard to race, class, gender or ethnicity. The ideal of equality assumes the possibility of an objective measure of merit under which individuals' free choices and preferences may be evaluated. Accordingly, through the creation of a baseline that presupposes the inherent sameness of all people and disregards systemic discrimination as a fallacy, …

Strategies For Sustainability Among Hiv/Aids-Related Ngos In Canada And India, Treena Orchard

Dr. Treena Orchard

No abstract provided.

Culturally Relevant Physical Activity For Adolescent Mothers: An Action Research Study, J. Halas, Treena Orchard

Dr. Treena Orchard

No abstract provided.

Mysterious Creatures: A Guide To Cryptozoology, George Eberhart

3 Digital Curation

Scholar Or Baller In American Higher Education? A Visual Elicitation And Qualitative Assessment Of The Studentathlete's Mindset, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

Eminent scholar Harry Edwards (2000) has articulated three major realities of African American males in sports: a) The presumption of innate, race-linked black athletic superiority and intellectual deficiency; b) media propaganda portraying sports as a broadly accessible route to African American social and economic mobility; and c) a lack of comparably visible, high-prestige African American role models beyond the sports arena. Driven by labeling theory (Becker, 1963; Goffman, 1959), eight African American male student athletes were surveyed and interviewed. The last two points of Edwards' scholarship were investigated. "We have pretty good historical data and quantitative data about African American …

African American Racial Identity And Sport, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

The purpose of this paper is to attempt to synthesize and apply African American racial identity theory and related research to the development of sport and physical activity patterns and preferences in African American youth. Historically the African American over-representation in particular sports phenomena has been examined genetically, anthropocentrically, physiologically, sociologically, and psychologically. The profusion of explanations is a testimony to the complexity of this phenomena. This manuscript provides yet another compelling perspective. Cross [(1995) The psychology of Nigrescence: revising the Cross Model, in: J.G. PONTEROTTO et al. (Eds) Handbook of Multicultural Counseling (Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage)] outlines the metamorphic …

Students In The Field: Linking Service-Learning And Undergraduate Research, Carolyn Behrman

Carolyn Behrman

No abstract provided.

Who Can A Baller Trust? Analyzing Public University Response To Alleged Student-Athlete Misconduct In A Commercial And Confusing Environment, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

No abstract provided.

Ethnicity Without Groups, Rogers Brubaker

Rogers Brubaker

No abstract provided.

The Natufian Human Skeletal Remains From Wadi Hammeh 27 (Jordan), Steve Webb, Phillip C. Edwards

Steve Webb

This report describes skeletal remains from the early Natufian site of Wadi Hammeh 27 in Jordan. At least seven individuals are represented, and although small, the collection is notable for the eclecticism of its mortuary practice. Modes of mortuary disposal and ritual include a single-primary burial, a collective-secondary burial, burnt human cranial fragments disposed in residential contexts, and the ochre staining of bones. The two burials come from the lowest phase of the site, with fragmentary burials and smaller amounts of material issuing from the upper phases. The primary inhumation is marked by a neighbouring pit, which seems to be …

Domestic Brick Architecture In Early Colonial Virginia, Douglas Ross

Douglas Ross

The purpose of my research was to clarify the social and economic significance of brick domestic architecture in early eighteenth century Virginia, a period for which few if any well-dated examples are known from prior to c. 1720, and to use the findings to reevaluate the significance of brick for the entire first century and a half of English settlement in Virginia. An associated goal was to use this understanding to aid in interpreting the results of my excavations at Turkey Island, a seventeenth to nineteenth century tobacco plantation in Henrico County owned by the Randolph family.

Structural data on …

Reasons For Reason-Giving In A Public-Opinion Survey, Martha S. Cheng, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

No abstract provided.

Viewshed Analysis Of The Ilave River Valley (M.A. Data Paper, Uc Santa Barbara Anthropology), Nicholas Tripcevich

Nicholas Tripcevich, Ph.D.

This paper explores the potential for using viewshed analysis methods with settlement survey data in a grassland environment. Innovations in geographical positioning and spatial analysis technology permits archaeological surveyors to rapidly gather greater quantities and better quality spatial data than was formerly possible. A variety of statistical analyses and agent-based models are made possible with the more exhaustive and statistically robust data. Site location criteria are considered with respect to both the visibility from high viewshed locations, and the sheltering potential from wind, weather, and other humans and animals, afforded by low viewshed locations.

The point locations of several hundred …

Η Πανίδα Και Η Χλωρίδα Στην Προϊστορική Κύπρο, Anastasia Tsaliki

Dr Anastasia Tsaliki, PhD

No abstract provided.