Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Skeletal Age Changes In Saguinus Fuscicollis And Saguinus Oedipus, David Michael Glassman

Doctoral Dissertations

The South American tamarin, genus Saguinus is used extensively as a model for interpreting human disease. Recently, techniques for estimating the age from skeletons of wild-caught tamarins have been requested by biomedical researchers. These skeletal aging techniques are subsequently used as an aid in documenting the timing of disease onset and latency periods.

Skeletal age changes are examined in 157 Saguinus fusaicollis and 59 Saguinus oedipus specimens of known age. The entire approximate 15 year life span of these animals is represented within the sample. The species are treated independently for all analyses. Documentation of the ontogenetic skeletal changes in …

An Ethnographic Inquiry Into Social Identity, Social Stratification, And Premature School Withdrawal In A Rural Appalachian School, Anthony P. Cavender

Doctoral Dissertations

This study is concerned with the ascription of pariah student identity and how this possibly relates to the low level of education attainment in rural Appalachia. The informal social organization and educational ethos of a rural school in eastern Tennessee, Rock Hill (k-7), is examined with respect to the school's influence on premature student withdrawal.

Data were collected over an eight month period during which the author employed participant observation and other ethnographic research techniques. In comparison to previous inquiries on educational problems in rural Appalachia, this investigation represents one of the few which have utilized the research methodology of …

The Averbuch Skeletal Series: A Study Of Biological And Social Stress At A Late Mississippian Period Site From Middle Tennessee, Hugh Edward Berryman

Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the biological and social evidence of stress at the Averbuch site (40DV60), a late Mississippian Period Middle Cumberland Culture village from the Nashville Basin in Middle Tennessee. Recent excavation of this site produced one of the largest systematically excavated skeletal series from Tennessee. The majority of burials were recovered from three cemeteries which could be aligned temporally. It was hoped that analysis of this skeletal series would illuminate conditions which contributed to the late prehistoric decline and ultimate disappearance of the Middle Cumberland people from the Nashville area.

A general investigation of …

Morphological Changes On The Axillary Border Of The Scapula With Special Reference To The Neandertal Problem, Carol Baratz Dittner-Plasil

Doctoral Dissertations

This study is an effort to determine the causes of the various morphologies of the axillary border of the modern human scapula and to relate the results to the unusual morphology of Neandertal scapulae.

Two-thirds of known Neandertal scapulae exhibit a dorsal sulcus on the axillary border: the remainder have a double sulcus (Chancelade pattern) and only one exhibits a ventral sulcus. The ventral sulcus is predominant on the scapulae of anatomically modern hominids where the Chancelade pattern is also present in varying frequencies.

Quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed on data derived from skeletal material of five modern human …

A Comparison Of Late Prehistoric Dallas And Overhill Cherokee Subsistence Strategies In The Little Tennessee River Valley, Arthur E. Bogan

Doctoral Dissertations

This study examines the late Mississippian Dallas Focus and historic Overhill Cherokee occupations at the archaeological site of Toqua (4OMR6), Monroe County, Tennessee. The faunal remains from the Dallas occupation were subdivided according to two mounds and four village areas to test propositions relevant to the patterning of faunal remains from a chiefdom level society. These propositions were generated from the archaeological correlates of chiefdoms proposed by Peebles and Kuss. The distribution of faunal remains were examined from the floors of two domestic and one special function structures, and it was possible to establish regular patterns of refuse accumulation. The …

Patterns Of Protein-Energy Malnutrition Among Preschoolers In Belize, Carol Lynn Jenkins

Doctoral Dissertations

This study is based on a survey to assess nutritional status among children from birth through 5 years old in Belize, Central America. The survey was conducted in 1979 in two districts, one coastal (Stann Creek) and one inland (Cayo). Four major ethnic groups are represented: the Mestizo, Maya, Creole and Garifuna (Black Carib). Previous studies indicated that early childhood malnutrition is a considerable public health problem in Belize. No anthropometric assessment of protein-energy malnutrition among preschoolers had been conducted. In this project 750 children were measured and their mothers interviewed concerning the feeding patterns and health status of their …

Prehistoric Human Populations And Resource Utilization In Kachemak Bay, Gulf Of Alaska, John Edward Lobdell

Doctoral Dissertations

The prehistory of Kachemak Bay, Gulf of Alaska, was reflected in the rich bioarchaeological and zooarchaeological components. The human skeletal remains provided a base for determinations of population affinities, demographic profiles, and pathologic investigations. Closely related are the nutritional resource remains that indicated the animal species utilized, reliance on selected resources, seasonality of procurement, and the periods of nutritional insufficiency.

Human osteological data indicated an Eskimoid stock with closest relationships to North Pacific Eskimo groups. Population profiles are conditioned by a high child mortality rate, but long life spans, at least in females, were realized. Other than a remarkable case …

The Skeletal Biology Of The Caddo Indians Of The Kaufman-Williams Site, Red River County, Texas, Carol Jackson Loveland

Doctoral Dissertations

A comprehensive biological analysis of the skeletal remains from the Kaufman-Williams site, 41RR16, Red River County, Texas, was conducted. The primary purpose of the investigation was to expand our knowledge about the biological variability found among the prehistoric Caddo. Cranial and postcranial measurements were taken, and indices were calculated. Several non-metrical characters were observed. The health status of the group was assessed based upon the pathological conditions noted in the bones. Cranial deformation was studied in detail, particularly its effect on craniofacial measurements.

A further analysis attempted to relate the skeletal material from the Kaufman-Williams site to Caddoan skeletal samples …

A Cross-Sectional Study Of Height, Weight, And Triceps Skinfold Measurements Of Cherokee Indian Youths Ages 13-17, Ruby Allen Tompkins

Doctoral Dissertations

Anthropometric measurements of height, weight, and triceps skinfold were obtained from 266 Eastern Band Cherokee Indian youths ages 13-17. The data were compared to the United States national probability sample from the National Center for Health Statistics (HES), to a sample of American Indians from Minnesota, and to data on Whites from the Ten-State Nutrition Survey. The data were also examined for age, sex, and degree of Indian blood effects.

Differences between the Cherokee and Blacks and Whites from the HES sample were tested by a Bonferroni Post Hoc examination of means. There were no significant differences for height, but …

The Recruitment Of Spirit-Directed-Healers, Marilyn Mckillop Wells

Doctoral Dissertations

The research sought to identify individual and social factors associated with the recruitment of spirit-directed-healers in Sub-Saharan Africa. This type of traditional healer was defined as a person who: 1) elicits and uses spiritual direction and information in the diagnosis and treatment of illness, 2) attributes the ultimate source of his/her healing power to one or more anthropopsychic spirits, and 3) claims to have been called to healing by those spirits. The spirit-directed-healers' decisions, demands, and remedies are legitimized by their source--the directing supernatural entity.

Data gathered through observations and open-ended interviews with four traditional healers who practiced in a …

Dermatoglyphic Variability And Asymmetry Of Patients With Cleft Lip And Cleft Palate, Douglas William Owsley

Doctoral Dissertations

Quantitative dermatoglyphic data for patients with oral-facial clefts and their first degree relatives were compared with controls. The objectives were to define the nature of the differences between those samples and to interpret the differences in terms of developmental processes.

The clinic samples were composed of Caucasian cleft lip and/or cleft palate patients and normal first degree relatives from Knox and surrounding counties in East Tennessee. The control sample consisted of 102 male and 102 female University of Tennessee students and Knoxville children. Specific diagnoses as to cleft type and associated malformations were determined by consulting clinic records. Two diagnostic …

Dermatoglyphics Of University Of Tennessee Students: Effects Of Parental Age And Birth Order, Letitia Lowe Oliveira

Doctoral Dissertations

The effect of parental age and birth order on dermatoglyphic variation was investigated in a sample of 460 phenotypically normal, Caucasian Americans. The sample consisted of students enrolled in introductory physical anthropology classes at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, during 1976-77. Twenty finger ridge counts, interdigital ridge counts, interdigital pattern ridge counts, and ridge width in the a-b area were utilized in this study.

In order to remove intercorrelations among dermatoglyphic variables, the dermatoglyphic data were factor analyzed, fingers and palms separately, for each sex. Twelve factors for fingers and 11 for palms were subjected to varimax rotation, and the …