Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Management Of Fisheries In Eu: A Principal-Agent Analysis, Frank Jensen, Niels Vestergaard

Niels Vestergaard

In this paper, an EU tax on fishing effort is studied as an alternative to the system of Total Allowable Catches (TACs). The analysis is conducted under imperfect information, and the hypothesis adopted is that the EU lacks information about the costs of individual fishermen. In light of this imperfection, there are at least two reasons for considering an EU tax. First, it can be used to correct part of the market failure associated with fisheries. Second, it can be used to secure correct revelation of fishermen types in light of asymmetric information.

Measuring The Cost Of Beach Retreat, George R. Parsons, Michael Powell

George Parsons

Bioeconomic Household Modelling For Agricultural Intensification, Gideon Kruseman

Gideon Kruseman

The study develops a bio-economic modelling framework that permits simultaneous assessment of the effects of technology change and policy measures on household welfare and agro-ecological sustainability indicators. The bio-economic modelling framework expands traditional farm household models to incorporate direct consumption utility functions, to allow for multiple objectives and to permit a meaningful interface with biophysical process models. The resulting model combines econometrically estimated equations in a mathematical programming framework. Model outcomes are analysed using metamodelling tecyhniques.

The bio-economic modelling framework is relevant for policy analysis related to resource degradation in developing countries. The model is applied to Cercle de Koutiala …

The Effect Of Nesting Structure Specification On Welfare Estimation In A Random Utility Model Of Recreation Demand: An Application To The Demand For Recreational Fishing, George R. Parsons, A Brett Hauber

George Parsons

No abstract provided.

Domestic Demand For Petroleum In Opec Countries, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Fereidun Fesharaki, Shuoying Zhou

Ujjayant Chakravorty

The literature on OPEC energy policy has focused primarily on its production and export potential. The rapidly increasing domestic demand for petroleum products in OPEC countries has often been ignored. This study estimates domestic demand for petroleum products by the major OPEC economies and forecasts consumption trends under alternative assumptions regarding economic growth and price deregulation. It concludes that product demand is generally price and income inelastic and thus domestic consumption in OPEC will continue to grow rapidly, even if domestic prices are raised closer to world levels in the near future.

Phd Thesis (Doctorat De Spécialité): Université De Ouagadougou, 1999. Dr. Mamoudou H. Dicko. Purification Et Propriétés Physico-Chimiques Des Enzymes De Curculigo Pilosa, Gladiolus Klattianus Et Boscia Senegalensis Catalysant L'Hydrolyse Des Polysaccharides (Amidon Et Béta-Glucanes), Mamoudou H. Dicko Prof.

Pr. Mamoudou H. DICKO, PhD

The objective of this study was the research of novel and inexpensive sources of polysaccharides degrading enzymes such as amylases and glucanases from local plants in order to justify their biotechnological applications. The isolation of two l3-amylases and an endo-1,3-ß-D-glucanase was reached using common protein purification methods such as buffer extraction, ammonium sulfate fractionation, ionexchange and gel filtration chromatographies. The methods used were simple and easily reproducible, suggesting the possibilfty of large-scale production. ln the crude extract of Curculigo pilosa tuber, only ß-amylase was detected as starch degrading enzyme and its activity was approximately 282 Uig of fresh material. The …

Institutional Changes And Discretionary Value For Property Rights In Drylands’ Farming Of The Sudan, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed

Research on land tenure and use control and the socioeconomic sets of regulations in the agricultural rainfed sub sector of Sudan, come to focus for many reasons. Anthropogenic pressure, expanding animal population and migration led to accelerated impacts on both the ecological systems and land yields. Conflicts between governmental regulations and indigenous rules contribute to generate inconsistencies on who have the right to till the land and hence own it. With such transformation logically, more intensive commercial farming took place and land intake exponentially increased. Private or collective property rights of land are procured through traditional tenure, prescription, settlement or …

Amenities And The Labor Earnings Function, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton

PHILIP E GRAVES

Desirable locations are, other things equal, expected to be characterized by a mix of higher rents or lower wages. That is, if one area is more attractive than others, inmigration would occur, driving up the demand for land (hence raising rents) and increasing the supply of labor (hence lowering wages). The in-movement will continue until utility is the same across locations in equilibrium. Failing to hold constant amenities in the traditional earnings functions employed by labor economists will result, then, in omitted-variable bias if worker characteristics (years of schooling, union membership, and so on) are correlated with amenities. By way …

Amenities And Fringe Benefits: Omitted Variable Bias, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton, Michelle M. Arthur

PHILIP E GRAVES

If labor is fairly mobile, as it is in the United States, one would expect that households would move from less desirable areas toward more desirable areas until all areas are equally desirable. The way that areas become equally desirable is through the impact of movers on wages and rents (and possibly "endogenous" disamenities, such as congestion or pollution). That is, as people move to desirable areas, they will increase the demand for land (raising rents) and increase the supply of labor (lowering wages); in equilibrium, the wage and rent "compensation" for the niceness of an area reveals, in dollar …

The Historical Development Of Agriculture In Illinois, Pamela Riney-Kehrberg

Pamela Riney-Kehrberg

Illinois' agricultural history is long and complex. Illinois' first settlers, the Native Americans, practiced hunting, gathering, and fishing and made use of the resources of the woods and prairies. By the tenth century, Native Americans combined men's hunting with women's agricultural activities to meet the needs of their communities. The earliest crop Native American women cultivated was corn, imported to Illinois from the Southwest.

Amenities And Fringe Benefits: Omitted Variable Bias, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton, Michelle M. Arthur

Robert L Sexton

If labor is fairly mobile, as it is in the United States, one would expect that households would move from less desirable areas toward more desirable areas until all areas are equally desirable. The way that areas become equally desirable is through the impact of movers on wages and rents (and possibly "endogenous" disamenities, such as congestion or pollution). That is, as people move to desirable areas, they will increase the demand for land (raising rents) and increase the supply of labor (lowering wages); in equilibrium, the wage and rent "compensation" for the niceness of an area reveals, in dollar …

Endogenous Monitoring And Enforcement Of Transferable Emission Permit System, Kathy K. Dhanda, John Stranlund

Kathy K Dhanda

No abstract provided.

Demand For Ground Transportation Fuel And Pricing Policy In Asian Tigers, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Sara Banaszak, Pingsun Leung

Ujjayant Chakravorty

This paper examines the demand for gasoline and diesel in the ground transportation sectors of Korea and Taiwan, comparing the effects of their different pricing policies and stages of economic growth.

A Comparison Of Welfare Estimates From Four Models For Linking Seasonal Recreational Trips To Multinomial Models Of Site Choice, George R. Parsons, Ted Tomasi, Paul Jakus

George Parsons

Familiar And Favorite Sites In A Random Utility Model Of Beach Recreation, George R. Parsons, Daniel Mathew Massey, Ted Tomasi

George Parsons

No abstract provided.

Measures Of Welfare Effects In Multiproduct Industries: The Case Of Multispecies Individual Quota Fisheries, Niels Vestergaard

Niels Vestergaard

A framework is developed to measure the welfare effects of individual quota reforms in multiproduct industries using the multimarket welfare measure techniques suggested by Just, Hueth, and Schmitz (1982) and the concept of virtual price in the production theory literature (Neary 1995; Squires and Kirkley 1996). Under joint in input production it shown that quasirent under a single quota can be measured by the producer surplus either in the output market for quota output or in the quota market. Under multiple quotas the welfare effects of quota policies can be measured in one of the quota markets using inverse derived …

Spatial Boundaries And Choice Set Definition In A Random Utility Model Of Recreation Demand, George R. Parsons, A Brett Hauber

George Parsons

An Analysis Of The Variability Of Agricultural Production In Independent And Soviet Lithuania, 1923-1989, Gregory J. Brock

Gregory J. Brock

An analysis of crop variability over the long time period 1923-1989 allows comparison of agriculture in two economic systems - independent Lithuania and occupied Soviet Lithuania.

Lessons Of A Drought, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty

Ujjayant Chakravorty

Water will become the most prized and precious commodity in the coming years. Internecine conflicts over the resource are already the order of the day and a global water crisis seems not too far away. But the water-guzzling US state of California is showing a way out of the problem - by allowing farmers to sell their share of water, it is pushing them to become efficient water users.

A General Multiproduct, Multipollutant Market Pollution Permit Model: A Variational Inequality Approach, Anna Nagurney, Kathy K. Dhanda, John Stranlund

Kathy K Dhanda

No abstract provided.

Endogenous Substitution Among Energy Resources And Global Warming, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, James Roumasset, Kin-Ping Tse

Ujjayant Chakravorty

The theory of resource extraction has focused primarily on extraction when there is a single, homogeneous demand for the resource. In reality, however, we observe the simultaneous extraction of different resources such as oil, coal, and natural gas and multiple demands such as transportation, residential and commercial heating, and electricity generation. This paper develops a model with multiple resources and grades and multiple demands. The model is simulated with extraction cost, estimated reserves, and energy demand data for the world economy. It is shown that if historical rates of cost reduction in the production of solar energy are maintained, more …

A Variational Inequality For Marketable Pollution Permits, Anna Nagurney, Kathy Dhanda

Kathy K Dhanda

No abstract provided.

Examining The Role Of Economic Opportunity And Amenities In Explaining Population Redistribution, Peter R. Mueser, Philip E. Graves

PHILIP E GRAVES

This paper develops a model of migration integrating equilibrium and disequilibrium components in which individuals and firms form rational expectations about future opportunities. Levels of migration are derived as functions of variations in factors influencing migrant labor demand ("economic opportunity") and migrant labor supply ("residential amenities"). The model is used to estimate the extent to which migration in the United States over the period 1950-1980 is determined by these two classes of exogenous factors.

Technology Adoption In The Presence Of An Exhaustible Resource: The Case Of Groundwater Extraction, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Farhed Shah, David Zilberman

Ujjayant Chakravorty

In this paper we integrate technology diffusion within Hotelling's exhaustible resource model. The modern technology is a conservation technology such as drip irrigation used with groundwater. Resource quality heterogeneity and rising water prices are responsible for the gradual adoption of the modern technology, and under reasonable conditions the diffusion curve is an S-shaped function of time. Without intervention, the diffusion process will be slower than is socially optimal, and optimal resource use tax will accelerate the diffusion of the conservation technology and slow down excessive resource depletion caused by market failure due to open access conditions.

Bæredygtig Udnyttelse Af Fornybare Ressourcer: Torskefiskeriet Ved Færøerne, Niels Vestergaard

Niels Vestergaard

The Faroe Islands cod fishery is analyzed for the period 1985-1992. It is shown that an approximately optimal and implementable fishery policy based on sustainability have increased the gross national income in the fishery by about 20%. This loss is due to an inoptimal organization of the fishery during that period combined with a very low cod stock at the end of 1992, which means reduced future catch possibilities. that the fishing capacity could have been reduced by about 1/3. The policy of sustainability is applied to the current situation in the fishery, and it is shown that the current …

A Transition From Agriculture To Regenerative Food Systems, Kenneth Dahlberg

Kenneth Dahlberg

A Memorable Meeting, February 1994, Fathi Habashi

Fathi Habashi

Decision taken at the Steering Committee Meeting of the International Mineral Processing Congress in San Francisco February 1994 to name the IMPC Award.

Alternative Fishery Management Policies: Monitoring Costs Versus Catch Limits, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton, Dwight R. Lee, Steve Jackstadt

PHILIP E GRAVES

There was no abstract for this brief note.

Heterogeneous Demand And Order Of Resource Extraction, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Darrell Krulce

Ujjayant Chakravorty

No abstract provided.

Tonga: Rural Employment And Development, Piyasiri Wickramasekara

PIYASIRI WICKRAMASEKARA

The report first highlights the nature of the rural employment problem In Tonga in the early 1990s. It goes on to discuss important Issues affecting the rural and agricultural sectors. The study further reviews the institutional machinery for rural development and makes a number of recommendations for an employment-oriented rural development strategy.