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Full-Text Articles in Physics

Inertial Motion On The Earth's Spheroidal Surface, Boyd F. Edwards, Cade Pankey, John M. Edwards Nov 2022

Inertial Motion On The Earth's Spheroidal Surface, Boyd F. Edwards, Cade Pankey, John M. Edwards

All Physics Faculty Publications

As seen by an observer in the rotating frame, the earth’s small spheroidal deformations neutralize the centrifugal force, leaving only the smaller Coriolis force to govern the “inertial” motion of objects that move on its surface, assumed smooth and frictionless. Previous studies of inertial motion employ weakly spheroidal equations of motion that ignore the influence of the centrifugal force and yet treat the earth as a sphere. The latitude dependence of these equations renders them strongly nonlinear. We derive and justify these equations and use them to identify, classify, name, describe, and illustrate all possible classes of inertial motion, including …


What Is A Photon? Foundations Of Quantum Field Theory, Charles G. Torre Jun 2022

What Is A Photon? Foundations Of Quantum Field Theory, Charles G. Torre

All Physics Faculty Publications

This is a brief, informal, and relatively low-level course on the foundations of quantum field theory. The prerequisites are undergraduate courses in quantum mechanics and electromagnetism.


Normal-Mode Oscillations For The Circular And Dipolar States Of A Filled Hexagonal Magnetic Dipole Cluster, Peter T. Haugen, Andrew D. P. Smith, Boyd F. Edwards Jun 2022

Normal-Mode Oscillations For The Circular And Dipolar States Of A Filled Hexagonal Magnetic Dipole Cluster, Peter T. Haugen, Andrew D. P. Smith, Boyd F. Edwards

All Physics Faculty Publications

We analyze the rotational dynamics of six magnetic dipoles of identical strength at the vertices of a regular hexagon with a variable-strength dipole in the center. The seven dipoles spin freely about fixed axes that are perpendicular to the plane of the hexagon, with their dipole moments directed parallel to the plane. Equilibrium dipole orientations are calculated as a function of the relative strength of the central dipole. Small-amplitude perturbations about these equilibrium states are calculated in the absence of friction and are compared with analytical results in the limit of zero and infinite central dipole strength. Normal modes and …


Hysteretic Transition Between States Of A Filled Hexagonal Magnetic Dipole Cluster, Andrew D. P. Smith, Peter T. Haugen, Boyd F. Edwards Jan 2022

Hysteretic Transition Between States Of A Filled Hexagonal Magnetic Dipole Cluster, Andrew D. P. Smith, Peter T. Haugen, Boyd F. Edwards

All Physics Faculty Publications

By minimizing the magnetostatic potential energy and by finding zeros in the sum of the squares of the torques, we find the equilibrium states of six dipoles of identical strength at the vertices of a regular hexagon and a variable-strength dipole at the center. The seven dipoles spin freely about fixed axes that are perpendicular to the plane of the hexagon, with their dipole moments directed parallel to the plane. When the central dipole is weak compared with the perimeter dipoles, a ‘‘circular’’ state applies in which the perimeter dipole moments circle around the central dipole, which points toward a …