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Physics Faculty Publications

2020

Articles 1 - 30 of 52

Full-Text Articles in Physics

Parton Distribution Functions From Ioffe Time Pseudodistributions From Lattice Calculations: Approaching The Physical Point, Bálint Joó, Joseph Karpie, Kostas Orginos, Anatoly V. Radyushkin, David G. Richards, Savvas Zafeiropoulos Dec 2020

Parton Distribution Functions From Ioffe Time Pseudodistributions From Lattice Calculations: Approaching The Physical Point, Bálint Joó, Joseph Karpie, Kostas Orginos, Anatoly V. Radyushkin, David G. Richards, Savvas Zafeiropoulos

Physics Faculty Publications

We present results for the unpolarized parton distribution function of the nucleon computed in lattice QCD at the physical pion mass. This is the first study of its kind employing the method of Ioffe time pseudodistributions. Beyond the reconstruction of the Bjorken-x dependence, we also extract the lowest moments of the distribution function using the small Ioffe time expansion of the Ioffe time pseudodistribution. We compare our findings with the pertinent phenomenological determinations.

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A Climatological Analysis Of The Monsoon Break Following The Summer Monsoon Onset Over Luzon Island, Philippines, Lyndon Mark P. Olaguera, Jun Matsumoto, Hisayuki Kubota, Esperanza O. Cayanan, Flaviana D. Hilario Nov 2020

A Climatological Analysis Of The Monsoon Break Following The Summer Monsoon Onset Over Luzon Island, Philippines, Lyndon Mark P. Olaguera, Jun Matsumoto, Hisayuki Kubota, Esperanza O. Cayanan, Flaviana D. Hilario

Physics Faculty Publications

This study investigates the climatology of the monsoon break following the onset of the summer rainy season over Luzon Island (120–122.5°E, 13–22°N) in the Philippines from 1979–2017. The first post-onset monsoon break is remarkable in stations located over the north and central Luzon Island and occurs climatologically in early June. Composite analysis of the large-scale circulation features during the monsoon break period shows that this break is associated with the westward extension of the western North Pacific Subtropical High (WNPSH), which weakened the monsoon southwesterlies and induced enhanced low-level divergence over Luzon Island. The westward extension of the WNPSH may …

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Analogy Between Thermodynamic Phase Transitions And Creeping Flows In Rectangular Cavities, Miron Kaufman, Petru S. Fodor Nov 2020

Analogy Between Thermodynamic Phase Transitions And Creeping Flows In Rectangular Cavities, Miron Kaufman, Petru S. Fodor

Physics Faculty Publications

© 2020, MDPI AG. All rights reserved. An analogy is found between the streamline function corresponding to Stokes flows in rectangular cavities and the thermodynamics of phase transitions and critical points. In a rectangular cavity flow, with no-slip boundary conditions at the walls, the corners are fixed points. The corners defined by a stationary and a moving wall, are found to be analogous to a thermodynamic first-order transition point. In contrast, the corners defined by two stationary walls correspond to thermodynamic critical points. Here, flow structures, also known as Moffatt eddies, form and act as stagnation regions where mixing is …

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Size Dependence In Chord Characteristics From Simulated And Observed Continental Shallow Cumulus, Philipp J. Griewank, Thijs Heus, Neil P. Lareau, Roel A. J. Neggers Sep 2020

Size Dependence In Chord Characteristics From Simulated And Observed Continental Shallow Cumulus, Philipp J. Griewank, Thijs Heus, Neil P. Lareau, Roel A. J. Neggers

Physics Faculty Publications

© 2020 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved. In this study we compare long-Term Doppler and Raman lidar observations against a full month of large eddy simulations of continental shallow cumulus clouds. The goal is to evaluate if the simulations can reproduce the mean observed vertical velocity and moisture structure of cumulus clouds and their associated subcloud circulations, as well as to establish if these properties depend on the size of the cloud.We propose methods to compare continuous chords of cloud detected from Doppler and Raman lidars with equivalent chords derived from 1D and 3D model output. While …

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Multi-Metallic Conduction Cooled Superconducting Radio-Frequency Cavity With High Thermal Stability, Gianluigi Ciovati, Gary Cheng, Uttar Pudasaini, Robert A. Rimmer Jul 2020

Multi-Metallic Conduction Cooled Superconducting Radio-Frequency Cavity With High Thermal Stability, Gianluigi Ciovati, Gary Cheng, Uttar Pudasaini, Robert A. Rimmer

Physics Faculty Publications

Superconducting radio-frequency cavities are commonly used in modern particle accelerators for applied and fundamental research. Such cavities are typically made of high-purity, bulk Nb and with cooling by a liquid helium bath at a temperature of ∼2 K. The size, cost and complexity of operating a particle accelerator with a liquid helium refrigerator make the current cavity technology not favorable for use in industrial-type accelerators. We have developed a multi-metallic 1.495 GHz elliptical cavity conductively cooled by a cryocooler. The cavity has a ∼2 μm thick layer of Nb3Sn on the inner surface, exposed to the rf field, …

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Consistency Checks For Two-Body Finite-Volume Matrix Elements. Ii. Perturbative Systems, Raúl A. Briceño, Maxwell T. Hansen, Andrew W. Jackura May 2020

Consistency Checks For Two-Body Finite-Volume Matrix Elements. Ii. Perturbative Systems, Raúl A. Briceño, Maxwell T. Hansen, Andrew W. Jackura

Physics Faculty Publications

Using the general formalism presented in [Phys. Rev. D 94, 013008 (2016); Phys. Rev. D 100, 034511 (2019)], we study the finite-volume effects for the 2 þ J → 2 matrix element of an external current coupled to a two-particle state of identical scalars with perturbative interactions. Working in a finite cubic volume with periodicity L, we derive a 1=L expansion of the matrix element through O(1=L5) and find that it is governed by two universal current-dependent parameters, the scalar charge and the threshold two particle form factor. We confirm the result through a numerical study of the …

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Characterizing Plasma With Emission Tomography-Feasibility Study On Synthetic And Experimental Data, M. Nikolić, A. Samolov, A. Godunov, L. Vušković,, S. Popović May 2020

Characterizing Plasma With Emission Tomography-Feasibility Study On Synthetic And Experimental Data, M. Nikolić, A. Samolov, A. Godunov, L. Vušković,, S. Popović

Physics Faculty Publications

We present a feasibility study on different tomographic algorithms to overcome the issues of finite sets of projection data, limited viewing angles, and noisy data, which cause the tomographic reconstruction to be an ill-posed inversion problem. We investigated three approaches: single angle Abel inversion, two angle approach, and multiple angle 2D plasma tomography. These methods were tested on symmetric and asymmetric sample functions and on experimental results from a supersonic flowing argon microwave plasma sustained in a cylindrical quartz cavity. The analysis focused on the afterglow region of the microwave flow where a plasmoid-like formation was observed. We investigated the …

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Dynamics Of Subsiding Shells In Actively Growing Clouds With Vertical Updrafts, Vishnu Nair, Thijs Heus, Maarten Van Reeuwijk Apr 2020

Dynamics Of Subsiding Shells In Actively Growing Clouds With Vertical Updrafts, Vishnu Nair, Thijs Heus, Maarten Van Reeuwijk

Physics Faculty Publications

© 2020 American Meteorological Society. The dynamics of a subsiding shell at the edges of actively growing shallow cumulus clouds with updrafts is analyzed using direct numerical simulation. The actively growing clouds have a fixed in-cloud buoyancy and velocity. Turbulent mixing and evaporative cooling at the cloud edges generate a subsiding shell that grows with time. A self-similar regime is observed for first-and second-order moments when normalized with respective maximum values. Internal scales derived from integral properties of the flow problem are identified. A self-similarity analysis using these scales reveals that contrary to classical self-similar flows, the turbulent kinetic energy …

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Primary Cilia Have A Length-Dependent Persistence Length, Justin Flaherty, Zhe Feng, Zhangli Peng, Y. N. Young, Andrew Resnick Apr 2020

Primary Cilia Have A Length-Dependent Persistence Length, Justin Flaherty, Zhe Feng, Zhangli Peng, Y. N. Young, Andrew Resnick

Physics Faculty Publications

© 2019, The Author(s). The fluctuating position of an optically trapped cilium tip under untreated and Taxol-treated conditions was used to characterize mechanical properties of the cilium axoneme and its basal body by combining experimental, analytical,and computational tools. We provide, for the first time, evidence that the persistence length of a ciliary axoneme is length-dependent; longer cilia are stiffer than shorter cilia. We demonstrate that this apparent length dependence can be understood by a combination of modeling axonemal microtubules as anisotropic elastic shells and including actomyosin-driven stochastic basal body motion.Our results also demonstrate the possibility of using observable ciliary dynamics …

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The Clas12 Software Framework And Event Reconstruction, V. Ziegler, N. A. Baltzell, F. Bossù, D. S. Carman, P. Chatanon, M. Contalbrigo, J. Newton, M. Ungaro Apr 2020

The Clas12 Software Framework And Event Reconstruction, V. Ziegler, N. A. Baltzell, F. Bossù, D. S. Carman, P. Chatanon, M. Contalbrigo, J. Newton, M. Ungaro

Physics Faculty Publications

We describe offline event reconstruction for the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer at 12 GeV (CLAS12), including an overview of the offline reconstruction framework and software tools, a description of the algorithms developed for the individual detector subsystems, and the overall approach for charged and neutral particle identification. We also present the scheme for data processing and the code management procedures.

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Heavy Quark Expansion For Heavy-Light Light-Cone Operators, Shuai Zhao Apr 2020

Heavy Quark Expansion For Heavy-Light Light-Cone Operators, Shuai Zhao

Physics Faculty Publications

We generalize the celebrated heavy quark expansion to nonlocal QCD operators. By taking nonlocal heavy-light current on the light-cone as an example, we confirm that the collinear singularities are common between QCD operator and the corresponding operator in heavy quark effective theory (HQET), at the leading power of 1/M expansion. Based on a perturbative calculation in operator form at one-loop level, a factorization formula linking QCD and HQET operators is investigated and the matching coefficient is determined. The matching between QCD and HQET light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) as well as other momentum distributions of hadron can be derived as …

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Sociophysics Analysis Of Multi-Group Conflicts, Miron Kaufman, Hung T. Diep, Sanda Kaufman Feb 2020

Sociophysics Analysis Of Multi-Group Conflicts, Miron Kaufman, Hung T. Diep, Sanda Kaufman

Physics Faculty Publications

© 2020 by the authors. We present our research on the application of statistical physics techniques to multi-group social conflicts. We identify real conflict situations of which the characteristics correspond to the model. We offer realistic assumptions about conflict behaviors that get factored into model-generated scenarios. The scenarios can inform conflict research and strategies for conflict management. We discuss model applications to two-and three-group conflicts. We identify chaotic time evolution of mean attitudes and the occurrence of strange attractors. We examine the role that the range of interactions plays with respect to the occurrence of chaotic behavior.

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Non-Tropical Cyclone Related Winter Heavy Rainfall Events Over The Philippines: Climatology And Mechanisms, Lyndon Mark Olaguera, Jun Matsumoto, Julie Mae Dado, Gemma T. Narisma Jan 2020

Non-Tropical Cyclone Related Winter Heavy Rainfall Events Over The Philippines: Climatology And Mechanisms, Lyndon Mark Olaguera, Jun Matsumoto, Julie Mae Dado, Gemma T. Narisma

Physics Faculty Publications

This study investigates non-tropical cyclone (TC) related boreal winter heavy rainfall events that lead to extensive flooding (HRF) over the Philippines through a case study and composite analysis. The HRF event examined occurred during January 16–22, 2017 over Cagayan de Oro City (CDO) in Mindanao Island (122–127°E, 5–10°N). The accumulated rainfall over CDO reached by about 180 mm from 00 UTC January 16 to 00 UTC January 17, 2017, exceeding the climatological maximum daily rainfall in January over this area. The interaction of a westward propagating cyclonic circulation over Mindanao Island (MCC) and a shearline that is associated with an …

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Probing The Deuteron At Very Large Internal Momenta, C. Yero, D. Abrams, Z Ahmed, F. Hauenstein, S.A. Wood, J. Zhang, Et Al., Hall C. Collaboration Jan 2020

Probing The Deuteron At Very Large Internal Momenta, C. Yero, D. Abrams, Z Ahmed, F. Hauenstein, S.A. Wood, J. Zhang, Et Al., Hall C. Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

We measure 2H(e,e′p)n cross sections at 4-momentum transfers of Q2 = 4.5 ± 0.5   (GeV/c)2 over a range of neutron recoil momenta pr, reaching up to ∼1.0  GeV/c. We obtain data at fixed neutron recoil angles θnq = 35°, 45°, and 75° with respect to the 3-momentum transfer →q. The new data agree well with previous data, which reached pr ∼ 500  MeV/c. At θnq = 35° and 45°, final state interactions, meson exchange currents, and isobar currents are suppressed and the plane wave impulse approximation provides the dominant cross section contribution. …

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Flux Expulsion In Niobium Superconducting Radio-Frequency Cavities Of Different Purity And Essential Contributions To The Flux Sensitivity, P. Dhakal, Gianluigi Ciovati, Alex Gurevich Jan 2020

Flux Expulsion In Niobium Superconducting Radio-Frequency Cavities Of Different Purity And Essential Contributions To The Flux Sensitivity, P. Dhakal, Gianluigi Ciovati, Alex Gurevich

Physics Faculty Publications

Magnetic flux trapped during the cooldown of superconducting radio-frequency cavities through the transition temperature due to incomplete Meissner state is known to be a significant source of radio-frequency losses. The sensitivity of flux trapping depends on the distribution and the type of defects and impurities which pin vortices, as well as the cooldown dynamics when the cavity transitions from a normal to superconducting state. Here we present the results of measurements of the flux trapping sensitivity on 1.3 GHz elliptical cavities made from large-grain niobium with different purity for different cooldown dynamics and surface treatments. The results show that lower …

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Investigating Size-Segregated Sources Of Elemental Composition Of Particulate Matter In The South China Sea During The 2011 Vasco Cruise, Miguel Ricardo Hilario, Melliza Templonuevo Cruz, Maria Obiminda L. Cambaliza, Jeffrey S. Reid, Peng Xian, James Bernard Simpas, Nofel Lagrosas, Sherdon Niño Uy, Steve Cliff, Yongjing Zhao Jan 2020

Investigating Size-Segregated Sources Of Elemental Composition Of Particulate Matter In The South China Sea During The 2011 Vasco Cruise, Miguel Ricardo Hilario, Melliza Templonuevo Cruz, Maria Obiminda L. Cambaliza, Jeffrey S. Reid, Peng Xian, James Bernard Simpas, Nofel Lagrosas, Sherdon Niño Uy, Steve Cliff, Yongjing Zhao

Physics Faculty Publications

The South China Sea (SCS) is a receptor of numerous natural and anthropogenic aerosol species from throughout greater Asia. A combination of several developing countries, archipelagic and peninsular terrain, a strong Asian monsoon climate, and a host of multi-scale meteorological phenomena make the SCS one of the most complex aerosol–meteorological systems in the world. However, aside from the well-known biomass burning emissions from Indonesia and Borneo, the current understanding of aerosol sources is limited, especially in remote marine environments. In September 2011, a 2-week research cruise was conducted near Palawan, Philippines, to sample the remote SCS environment. Size-segregated aerosol data …

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Sources And Characteristics Of Size-Resolved Particulate Organic Acids And Methanesulfonate In A Coastal Megacity: Manila, Philippines, Connor Stahl, Melliza Templonuevo Cruz, Paola Angela Bañaga, Grace Betito, Rachel A. Braun, Mojtaba Azadi Aghdam, Maria Obiminda L. Cambaliza, Genevieve Rose Lorenzo, Alexander B. Macdonald, Miguel Ricardo A. Hilario, Preciosa Corazon Pabroa, John Robin Yee, James Bernard Simpas, Armin Sorooshian Jan 2020

Sources And Characteristics Of Size-Resolved Particulate Organic Acids And Methanesulfonate In A Coastal Megacity: Manila, Philippines, Connor Stahl, Melliza Templonuevo Cruz, Paola Angela Bañaga, Grace Betito, Rachel A. Braun, Mojtaba Azadi Aghdam, Maria Obiminda L. Cambaliza, Genevieve Rose Lorenzo, Alexander B. Macdonald, Miguel Ricardo A. Hilario, Preciosa Corazon Pabroa, John Robin Yee, James Bernard Simpas, Armin Sorooshian

Physics Faculty Publications

A 16-month (July 2018–October 2019) dataset of size-resolved aerosol composition is used to examine the sources and characteristics of five organic acids (oxalate, succinate, adipate, maleate, phthalate) and methanesulfonate (MSA) in Metro Manila, Philippines. As one of the most polluted megacities globally, Metro Manila offers a view of how diverse sources and meteorology impact the relative amounts and size distributions of these species. A total of 66 sample sets were collected with a Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI), of which 54 sets were analyzed for composition. Organic acids and MSA surprisingly were less abundant than in other global regions that …

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Question 1: Car Flip; Question 2: A Mole Of People, Larry Weinstein Jan 2020

Question 1: Car Flip; Question 2: A Mole Of People, Larry Weinstein

Physics Faculty Publications

Consider mass, area, power, and food requirements. For more Fermi questions and answers, see Guesstimation 2.0: Solving Today's Problems on the Back of a Napkin, by Lawrence Weinstein (Princeton University Press, 2012). [Extracted from artcle]

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Question 1: Plowing Snow; Question 2: Wasted Food, Larry Weinstein Jan 2020

Question 1: Plowing Snow; Question 2: Wasted Food, Larry Weinstein

Physics Faculty Publications

[Extracted from the article] How much snow is shoveled or plowed in the U.S. in a typical winter? How much food is wasted at school cafeterias every year in the U.S.? For more Fermi questions and answers, see Guesstimation 2.0: Solving Today's Problems on the Back of a Napkin, by Lawrence Weinstein (Princeton University Press, 2012).

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Thermal Emittance And Lifetime Of Alkali-Antimonide Photocathodes Grown On Gaas And Molybdenum Substrates Evaluated In A -300 Kv Dc Photogun, Y. Wang, M. A. Mamun, P. Adderley, B. Bullard, J. Grames, J. Hansknecht, C. Hernandez-Garcia, G. A. Krafft, G. Palacios-Serrano, M. Poelker, M. L. Stutzman, R. Suleiman, M. Tiefenback, S. Wijethunga, J. Yoskowitz, S. Zhang Jan 2020

Thermal Emittance And Lifetime Of Alkali-Antimonide Photocathodes Grown On Gaas And Molybdenum Substrates Evaluated In A -300 Kv Dc Photogun, Y. Wang, M. A. Mamun, P. Adderley, B. Bullard, J. Grames, J. Hansknecht, C. Hernandez-Garcia, G. A. Krafft, G. Palacios-Serrano, M. Poelker, M. L. Stutzman, R. Suleiman, M. Tiefenback, S. Wijethunga, J. Yoskowitz, S. Zhang

Physics Faculty Publications

CsxKySb photocathodes grown on GaAs and molybdenum substrates were evaluated using a –300 kV dc high voltage photogun and diagnostic beam line. Photocathodes grown on GaAs substrates, with varying antimony layer thickness (estimated range from < 20 nm to > 1 um), yielded similar thermal emittance per rms laser spot size values (~0.4 mm mrad / mm) but very different operating lifetime. Similar thermal emittance was obtained for a photocathode grown on a molybdenum substrate but with markedly improved lifetime. For this photocathode, no decay in quantum efficiency was measured at 4.5 mA average current and with peak current 0.55 A …

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Superconductivity In La₂Ni₂In, Jannis Maiwald, Igor I. Mazin, Alex Gurevich, Meigan Aronson Jan 2020

Superconductivity In La₂Ni₂In, Jannis Maiwald, Igor I. Mazin, Alex Gurevich, Meigan Aronson

Physics Faculty Publications

We report here the properties of single crystals of La2Ni2In. Electrical resistivity and specific heat measurements concur with the results of density functional theory calculations, finding that La2Ni2In is a weakly correlated metal, where the Ni magnetism is almost completely quenched, leaving only a weak Stoner enhancement of the density of states. Superconductivity is observed at temperatures below 0.9 K. A detailed analysis of the field and temperature dependencies of the resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat at the lowest temperatures reveals that La2Ni2In is a dirty type-II …

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First Measurement Of Direct Photoproduction Of The A2(1320)⁰ Meson On The Proton, K.P. Adhikari, M. J. Amaryan, D. Bullumulla, F. Hauenstein, M. Khachatryan, Y. Prok, Et Al., Clas Collaboration Jan 2020

First Measurement Of Direct Photoproduction Of The A2(1320)⁰ Meson On The Proton, K.P. Adhikari, M. J. Amaryan, D. Bullumulla, F. Hauenstein, M. Khachatryan, Y. Prok, Et Al., Clas Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

We present the first measurement of the reaction 𝛾p -> a₂(1320)⁰ p in the photon energy range 3.5-5.5 GeV and four-momentum transfer squared 0.2 < -t < 2.0 GeV2. Data were collected with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The a2resonance was detected by measuring the reaction 𝛾p → π0ηp and reconstructing the π0η invariant mass. The most prominent feature of the differential cross section is a dip at -t ≈ 0.55 GeV2. This can be described in the framework of Regge phenomenology, where the exchange degeneracy hypothesis …

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Intrinsic Transverse Momentum And Evolution In Weighted Spin Asymmetries, Jian-Wei Qiu, Ted C. Rogers, Bowen Wang Jan 2020

Intrinsic Transverse Momentum And Evolution In Weighted Spin Asymmetries, Jian-Wei Qiu, Ted C. Rogers, Bowen Wang

Physics Faculty Publications

The transverse momentum-dependent (TMD) and collinear higher twist theoretical factorization frameworks are the most frequently used approaches to describe spin-dependent hard cross sections weighted by and integrated over transverse momentum. Of particular interest is the contribution from small transverse momentum associated with the target bound state. In phenomenological applications, this contribution is often investigated using transverse momentum weighted integrals that sharply regulate the large transverse momentum contribution, for example, with Gaussian parametrizations. Since the result is a kind of hybrid of TMD and collinear (inclusive) treatments, it is important to establish if and how the formalisms are related in applications …

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Long-Range Aerosol Transport And Impacts On Size-Resolved Aerosol Composition In Metro Manila, Philippines, Rachel A. Braun, Mojtaba Azadi Aghdam, Paola Angela Bañaga, Grace Betito, Maria Obiminda L. Cambaliza, Melliza Templonuevo Cruz, Genevieve Rose Lorenzo, Alexander B. Macdonald, James Bernard Simpas, Connor Stahl, Armin Sorooshian Jan 2020

Long-Range Aerosol Transport And Impacts On Size-Resolved Aerosol Composition In Metro Manila, Philippines, Rachel A. Braun, Mojtaba Azadi Aghdam, Paola Angela Bañaga, Grace Betito, Maria Obiminda L. Cambaliza, Melliza Templonuevo Cruz, Genevieve Rose Lorenzo, Alexander B. Macdonald, James Bernard Simpas, Connor Stahl, Armin Sorooshian

Physics Faculty Publications

This study analyzes long-range transport of aerosol and aerosol chemical characteristics based on instances of high- and low-aerosol-loading events determined via ground-based size-resolved aerosol measurements collected at the Manila Observatory in Metro Manila, Philippines, from July to October 2018. Multiple data sources, including models, remote sensing, and in situ measurements, are used to analyze the impacts of long-range aerosol transport on Metro Manila and the conditions at the local and synoptic scales facilitating this transport. Through the use of case studies, evidence of long-range transport of biomass burning aerosol and continental emissions is identified in Metro Manila. Long-range transport of …

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High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (Hl-Lhc): Technical Design Report, O. Aberle, C. Adorisio, A. Adraktas, M. Ady, J. Albertone, L. Alberty, M. Alcaide Leon, A. Alekou, D. Alesini, B. Almeida Ferreira, P. Alvarez-Lopez, G. Ambrosio, P. Andreu Munoz, M. Anerella, D. Angal-Kalinin, F. Antoniou, G. Apollinari, A. Apollonio, R. Appleby, I. Béjar Alonso, Jean Delayen, I. Zurbano Fernandez, Et Al., I. Béjar Alonso (Ed.), O. Brüning (Ed.), P. Fessia (Ed.), M. Lamont (Ed.), L. Rossi (Ed.), L. Tavian (Ed.), M. Zerlauth (Ed.) Jan 2020

High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (Hl-Lhc): Technical Design Report, O. Aberle, C. Adorisio, A. Adraktas, M. Ady, J. Albertone, L. Alberty, M. Alcaide Leon, A. Alekou, D. Alesini, B. Almeida Ferreira, P. Alvarez-Lopez, G. Ambrosio, P. Andreu Munoz, M. Anerella, D. Angal-Kalinin, F. Antoniou, G. Apollinari, A. Apollonio, R. Appleby, I. Béjar Alonso, Jean Delayen, I. Zurbano Fernandez, Et Al., I. Béjar Alonso (Ed.), O. Brüning (Ed.), P. Fessia (Ed.), M. Lamont (Ed.), L. Rossi (Ed.), L. Tavian (Ed.), M. Zerlauth (Ed.)

Physics Faculty Publications

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest scientific instruments ever built. Since opening up a new energy frontier for exploration in 2010, it has gathered a global user community of about 9000 scientists working in fundamental particle physics and the physics of hadronic matter at extreme temperature and density. To sustain and extend its discovery potential, the LHC will need a major upgrade in the 2020s. This will increase its instantaneous luminosity (rate of collisions) by a factor of five beyond the original design value and the integrated luminosity (total number of collisions) by a factor ten. …

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Long-Range Electroweak Amplitudes Of Single Hadrons From Euclidean Finite-Volume Correlation Functions, Raúl A. Briceño, Zohreh Davoudi, Maxwell T. Hansen, Matthias R. Schindler, Alessandro Baroni Jan 2020

Long-Range Electroweak Amplitudes Of Single Hadrons From Euclidean Finite-Volume Correlation Functions, Raúl A. Briceño, Zohreh Davoudi, Maxwell T. Hansen, Matthias R. Schindler, Alessandro Baroni

Physics Faculty Publications

A relation is presented between single-hadron long-range matrix elements defined in a finite Euclidean spacetime and the corresponding infinite-volume Minkowski amplitudes. This relation is valid in the kinematic region where any number of two-hadron states can simultaneously go on shell, so that the effects of strongly coupled intermediate channels are included. These channels can consist of nonidentical particles with arbitrary intrinsic spins. The result accommodates general Lorentz structures as well as nonzero momentum transfer for the two external currents inserted between the single-hadron states. The formalism, therefore, generalizes the work by Christ et al. [Phys. Rev. D 91, 114510 …

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Electron Tunneling And X-Ray Photoelectron Spectoscopy Studies Of The Superconductiong Properties Of Nitrogen-Doped Niobium Resonator Cavities, Eric M. Lechner, Basu Dev Oli, Junki Makita, Gianluigi Ciovati, Alex Gurevich, Maria Iavarone Jan 2020

Electron Tunneling And X-Ray Photoelectron Spectoscopy Studies Of The Superconductiong Properties Of Nitrogen-Doped Niobium Resonator Cavities, Eric M. Lechner, Basu Dev Oli, Junki Makita, Gianluigi Ciovati, Alex Gurevich, Maria Iavarone

Physics Faculty Publications

We use scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the effect of nitrogen doping on the surface electronic and chemical structures of cutouts from superconducting Nb radio-frequency cavities. The goal of this work is to get insights into the fundamental physics and materials mechanisms behind the striking decrease of the surface resistance with the radio-frequency magnetic field, which has been observed on N-doped Nb cavities. Our XPS measurements reveal significantly more oxidized Nb 3d states and a thinner metallic suboxide layer on the N-doped Nb surfaces, which is also confirmed by tunneling spectroscopy …

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Nonlinear Dynamics And Dissipation Of A Curvilinear Vortex Driven By A Strong Time-Dependent Meissner Current, W.P.M.R. Pathirana, A. Gurevich Jan 2020

Nonlinear Dynamics And Dissipation Of A Curvilinear Vortex Driven By A Strong Time-Dependent Meissner Current, W.P.M.R. Pathirana, A. Gurevich

Physics Faculty Publications

We report numerical simulations of large-amplitude oscillations of a trapped vortex line under a strong ac magnetic field H(t)=H sinωt parallel to the surface. The power dissipated by an oscillating vortex segment driven by the surface ac Meissner currents was calculated by taking into account the nonlinear vortex line tension, vortex mass, and a nonlinear Larkin-Ovchinnikov (LO) viscous drag coefficient η(v). We show that the LO decrease of η(v) with the vortex velocity v can radically change the field dependence of the surface resistance Ri(H) caused by trapped vortices. At low frequencies, …

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Probing Few-Body Nuclear Dynamics Via ³H And ³He (E E'P) Pn Cross-Section Measurements, R. Cruz-Torres, F. Hauenstein, D. Bulumulla, C. Hyde, M. Khachatryan, M.N.H. Rashad, L.B. Weinstein, Et. Al., Jefferson Lab Hall A. Tritium Collaboration Jan 2020

Probing Few-Body Nuclear Dynamics Via ³H And ³He (E E'P) Pn Cross-Section Measurements, R. Cruz-Torres, F. Hauenstein, D. Bulumulla, C. Hyde, M. Khachatryan, M.N.H. Rashad, L.B. Weinstein, Et. Al., Jefferson Lab Hall A. Tritium Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

We report the first measurement of the (e, e'p) three-body breakup reaction cross sections in helium-3 (3He) and tritium (3H) at large momentum transfer [< Q2> ≈ 1.9 (GeV/c)2] and xB> 1 kinematics, where the cross section should be sensitive to quasielastic (QE) scattering from single nucleons. The data cover missing momenta 40 ≤ pmiss ≤ 500 MeV/c that, in the QE limit with no rescattering, equals the initial momentum of the probed nucleon. The measured cross sections are compared with state-of-the-art ab initio calculations. Overall …

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Observation Of In-Plane Magnetic Field Induced Phase Transitions In Fese, Jong Mok Ok, Chang Il Kwon, Yoshimitsu Kohama, Jung Sang You, Sun Kyu Park, Ji-Hye Kim, Y.J. Jo, E.S. Choi, Koichi Kindo, Woun Kang, Ki-Seok Kim, E. G. Moon, Alex Gurevich, Jun Sung Kim Jan 2020

Observation Of In-Plane Magnetic Field Induced Phase Transitions In Fese, Jong Mok Ok, Chang Il Kwon, Yoshimitsu Kohama, Jung Sang You, Sun Kyu Park, Ji-Hye Kim, Y.J. Jo, E.S. Choi, Koichi Kindo, Woun Kang, Ki-Seok Kim, E. G. Moon, Alex Gurevich, Jun Sung Kim

Physics Faculty Publications

We investigate thermodynamic properties of FeSe under in-plane magnetic fields using torque magnetometry, specific heat, and magnetocaloric measurements. Below the upper critical field Hc2, we observed the field induced anomalies at H1 ∼ 15 T and H2 ∼ 22 T near H ∥ ab and below a characteristic temperature T* ∼ 2 K. The transition magnetic fields H1 and H2 exhibit negligible dependence on both temperature and field orientation. This contrasts to the strong temperature and angle dependence of Hc2, suggesting that these anomalies are attributed to the field induced phase transitions, …

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