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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Quantum Corrections To The Gravitational Interaction Of Massless Particles, Thomas J. Blackburn Jr.
Quantum Corrections To The Gravitational Interaction Of Massless Particles, Thomas J. Blackburn Jr.
Open Access Dissertations
Donoghue's effective field theory of quantum gravity is extended to include the interaction of massless particles. The collinear divergences which accompany massless particles are examined first in the context of QED and then in quantum gravity. A result of Weinberg is extended to show how these divergences vanish in the case of gravity. The scattering cross section for hypothetical massless scalar particles is computed first, because it is simpler, and the results are then extended to photons. Some terms in the cross section are shown to correspond to the Aichelburg-Sexl metric surrounding a massless particle and to quantum corrections to …
Swelling And Folding As Mechanisms Of 3d Shape Formation In Thin Elastic Sheets, Marcelo A. Dias
Swelling And Folding As Mechanisms Of 3d Shape Formation In Thin Elastic Sheets, Marcelo A. Dias
Open Access Dissertations
We work with two different mechanisms to generate geometric frustration on thin elastic sheets; isotropic differential growth and folding. We describe how controlled growth and prescribing folding patterns are useful tools for designing three-dimensional objects from information printed in two dimensions. The first mechanism is inspired by the possibility to control shapes by swelling polymer films, where we propose a solution for the problem of shape formation by asking the question, ``what 2D metric should be prescribed to achieve a given 3D shape?'', namely the reverse problem. We choose two different types of initial configurations of sheets, disk-like with one …
Searches For Gravitational Waves From Binary Black Hole Coalescences With Ground-Based Laser Interferometers Across A Wide Parameter Space, Satyanarayan Ray Pitambar Mohapatra
Searches For Gravitational Waves From Binary Black Hole Coalescences With Ground-Based Laser Interferometers Across A Wide Parameter Space, Satyanarayan Ray Pitambar Mohapatra
Open Access Dissertations
This is an exciting time for Gravitational Wave (GW) theory and observations. From a theoretical standpoint, the grand-challenge problem of the full evolution of a Binary Black Hole (BBH) system has been solved numerically, and a variety of source simulations are made available steadfastly. On the observational side, the first generation of state-of-the-art GW detectors, LIGO and Virgo, have achieved their design goal, collected data and provided astrophysically meaningful limits. The second generation of detectors are expected to start running by 2015. Inspired by this zeitgeist, this thesis focuses on the detection of potential GW signatures from the coalescence of …
Parity Violation In Neutron Deuteron Scattering In Pionless Effective Field Theory, Jared James Vanasse
Parity Violation In Neutron Deuteron Scattering In Pionless Effective Field Theory, Jared James Vanasse
Open Access Dissertations
In this dissertation the parity violating neutron deuteron scattering amplitudes are calculated using pionless effective field theory to leading order. The five low energy parity violating constants present in pionless effective field theory are estimated by matching onto the "best" values for the parameters of the model by Desplanques, Donoghue, and Holstein (DDH). Using these estimates and the calculated amplitudes, predictions for the spin rotation of a neutron through a deuteron target are given with a value of 1.8×10-8 rad cm-1. Also given are the longitudinal analyzing power in neutron deuteron scattering with a polarized neutron yielding 2.2×10-8, and a …
Theory Of Interacting Polyelectrolytes Under Confinement, Alexander Eliseev
Theory Of Interacting Polyelectrolytes Under Confinement, Alexander Eliseev
Open Access Dissertations
During my thesis work I have investigated the problem of polyelectrolyte characterization and in particular how to interpret the experimental data to obtain the mass and gyration radius of short polyelectrolytes. This is usually a challenging problem for experimentalists to deal with. For example, the interpretation of the static light scattering data to obtain the gyration radius becomes increasingly inaccurate as the size of the chain becomes very much smaller then the light wavelength. Also, the interpretation of membrane osmomometry data is complicated by the leakage of the solute of low molecular weight polymers and so forth. There are, however, …
Understanding Hard Interaction In Qcd And The Search For The Gluon Spin Contribution To The Spin Of The Proton, Amaresh Datta
Understanding Hard Interaction In Qcd And The Search For The Gluon Spin Contribution To The Spin Of The Proton, Amaresh Datta
Open Access Dissertations
In the following discourse unpolarized cross sections and double helicity asymmetries of single inclusive positive and negative charged hadrons at mid-rapidity from p + p collisions at p s = 62:4 GeV are presented. Measurements for the transverse momentum range 1:0 < pT < 4:5 GeV/c are done with PHENIX detector at Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) and are consistent with calculations based on perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) at next-to-leading order (NLO) in the strong coupling constant, s. Resummed pQCD calculations including terms with next-to-leading log (NLL) accuracy, yielding reduced theoretical uncertainties, also agree with the data. The double helicity asymmetry, sensitive at leading order to the gluon polarization in a momentum fraction range of 0:05
Probing Novel Properties Of Nucleons And Nuclei Via Parity Violating Electron Scattering, Luis Rafael Mercado
Probing Novel Properties Of Nucleons And Nuclei Via Parity Violating Electron Scattering, Luis Rafael Mercado
Open Access Dissertations
This thesis reports on two experiments conducted by the HAPPEx (Hall A Proton Parity Experiment) collaboration at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. For both, the weak neutral current interaction (WNC, mediated by the Z0 boson) is used to probe novel properties of hadronic targets. The WNC interaction amplitude is extracted by measuring the parity-violating asymmetry in the elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons off unpolarized target hadrons. HAPPEx-III, conducted in the Fall of 2009, used a liquid hydrogen target at a momentum transfer of Q2 = 0.62 GeV2. The measured asymmetry was used to set new …