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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Operational Detection Of Sun Glints In Dscovr Epic Images, Tamás Várnai, Alexander Marshak, Alexander Kostinski
Operational Detection Of Sun Glints In Dscovr Epic Images, Tamás Várnai, Alexander Marshak, Alexander Kostinski
Michigan Tech Publications
Satellite images often feature sun glints caused by the specular reflection of sunlight from water surfaces or from horizontally oriented ice crystals occurring in clouds. Such glints can prevent accurate retrievals of atmospheric and surface properties using existing algorithms, but the glints can also be used to infer more about the glint-causing objects—for example about the microphysical properties and radiative effects of ice clouds. This paper introduces the recently released operational glint product of the Earth Polychromatic Camera (EPIC) onboard the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) spacecraft. Most importantly, the paper describes the algorithm used for generating the key component …
Design And Implementation Of The Amiga Embedded System For Data Acquisition, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, J. M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. F. Nitz, A. Puyleart, Et. Al.
Design And Implementation Of The Amiga Embedded System For Data Acquisition, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, J. M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. F. Nitz, A. Puyleart, Et. Al.
Michigan Tech Publications
The Auger Muon Infill Ground Array (AMIGA) is part of the AugerPrime upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory. It consists of particle counters buried 2.3 m underground next to the water-Cherenkov stations that form the 23.5 km2 large infilled array. The reduced distance between detectors in this denser area allows the lowering of the energy threshold for primary cosmic ray reconstruction down to about 1017 eV. At the depth of 2.3 m the electromagnetic component of cosmic ray showers is almost entirely absorbed so that the buried scintillators provide an independent and direct measurement of the air showers muon content. …
Deep-Learning Based Reconstruction Of The Shower Maximum Xmax Using The Water-Cherenkov Detectors Of The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, J. M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. F. Nitz, A. Puyleart, Et. Al.
Deep-Learning Based Reconstruction Of The Shower Maximum Xmax Using The Water-Cherenkov Detectors Of The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, J. M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. F. Nitz, A. Puyleart, Et. Al.
Michigan Tech Publications
The atmospheric depth of the air shower maximum Xmax is an observable commonly used for the determination of the nuclear mass composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Direct measurements of Xmax are performed using observations of the longitudinal shower development with fluorescence telescopes. At the same time, several methods have been proposed for an indirect estimation of Xmax from the characteristics of the shower particles registered with surface detector arrays. In this paper, we present a deep neural network (DNN) for the estimation of Xmax. The reconstruction relies on the signals induced by shower particles in the ground based water-Cherenkov …
Molybdenum Disulfide Quantum Dots: Properties, Synthesis, And Applications, Jeff Kabel, Sambhawana Sharma, Amit Acharya, Dongyan Zhang, Yoke Khin Yap
Molybdenum Disulfide Quantum Dots: Properties, Synthesis, And Applications, Jeff Kabel, Sambhawana Sharma, Amit Acharya, Dongyan Zhang, Yoke Khin Yap
Michigan Tech Publications
Molybdenum disulfide quantum dots (MoS2 QDs) are a unique class of zero-dimensional (0D) van der Waals nanostructures. MoS2 QDs have attracted significant attention due to their unique optical, electronic, chemical, and biological properties due to the presence of edge states of these van der Waals QDs for various chemical functionalization. Their novel properties have enabled applications in many fields, including advanced electronics, electrocatalysis, and biomedicine. In this review, the various synthesis techniques, the novel properties, and the wide applications of MoS2 quantum dots are discussed in detail.
Hardness Test Of Grb 950830 As A Gravitationally Lensed Echo, Oindabi Mukherjee, Robert J. Nemiroff
Hardness Test Of Grb 950830 As A Gravitationally Lensed Echo, Oindabi Mukherjee, Robert J. Nemiroff
Michigan Tech Publications
Cumulative hardness comparisons are a simple but statistically powerful test for the presence of gravitational lensing in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Since gravitational lensing does not change photon energies, all source images should have the same spectra—and hence hardness. Applied to the recent claim that the two pulses in GRB 950830 are lensed images of the same pulse, the measured flux ratio between the two main pulses should be the same at all energies. After summing up all the counts in both of GRB 950830's two pulses in all four BATSE energy bands, it was found that in energy channel 3, …
Measurement Of The Fluctuations In The Number Of Muons In Extensive Air Showers With The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, J. M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. F. Nitz, A. Puyleart, Et. Al.
Measurement Of The Fluctuations In The Number Of Muons In Extensive Air Showers With The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, J. M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. F. Nitz, A. Puyleart, Et. Al.
Michigan Tech Publications
We present the first measurement of the fluctuations in the number of muons in extensive air showers produced by ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. We find that the measured fluctuations are in good agreement with predictions from air shower simulations. This observation provides new insights into the origin of the previously reported deficit of muons in air shower simulations and constrains models of hadronic interactions at ultrahigh energies. Our measurement is compatible with the muon deficit originating from small deviations in the predictions from hadronic interaction models of particle production that accumulate as the showers develop.
Measurement Report: Comparison Of Wintertime Individual Particles At Ground Level And Above The Mixed Layer In Urban Beijing, Wenhua Wang, Longyi Shao, Claudio Mazzoleni, Yaowei Li, Simone Kotthaus, Sue Grimmond, Janarjan Bhandari, Jiaoping Xing, Xiaolei Feng, Mengyuan Zhang, Zongbo Shi
Measurement Report: Comparison Of Wintertime Individual Particles At Ground Level And Above The Mixed Layer In Urban Beijing, Wenhua Wang, Longyi Shao, Claudio Mazzoleni, Yaowei Li, Simone Kotthaus, Sue Grimmond, Janarjan Bhandari, Jiaoping Xing, Xiaolei Feng, Mengyuan Zhang, Zongbo Shi
Michigan Tech Publications
Beijing has been suffering from frequent severe air pollution events, with concentrations affected significantly by the mixed-layer height. Major efforts have been made to study the physico-chemical properties, compositions, and sources of aerosol particles at ground level. However, little is known about the morphology, elemental composition, and mixing state of aerosol particles above the mixed layer. In this work, we collected individual aerosol particles simultaneously at ground level (2 m above ground) and above the mixed layer in urban Beijing (within the Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health in a Chinese Megacity, APHH-Beijing, 2016 winter campaign). The particles were analyzed offline …
First-Principles Study Of A Mos2-Pbs Van Derwaals Heterostructure Inspired By Naturally Occurring Merelaniite, Gemechis Degaga, Sumandeep Kaur, Ravindra Pandey, John Jaszczak
First-Principles Study Of A Mos2-Pbs Van Derwaals Heterostructure Inspired By Naturally Occurring Merelaniite, Gemechis Degaga, Sumandeep Kaur, Ravindra Pandey, John Jaszczak
Michigan Tech Publications
Vertically stacked, layered van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures offer the possibility to design materials, within a range of chemistries and structures, to possess tailored properties. Inspired by the naturally occurring mineral merelaniite, this paper studies a vdW heterostructure composed of a MoS2 monolayer and a PbS bilayer, using density functional theory. A commensurate 2D heterostructure film and the corresponding 3D periodic bulk structure are compared. The results find such a heterostructure to be stable and possess p-type semiconducting characteristics. Due to the heterostructure’s weak interlayer bonding, its carrier mobility is essentially governed by the constituent layers; the hole mobility is …
Origin Of Magnetism In Γ-Fesi 2 /Si(111) Nanostructures, Liwei D. Geng, Sahil Dhoka, Ilan Goldfarb, Ranjit Pati, Yongmei M. Jin
Origin Of Magnetism In Γ-Fesi 2 /Si(111) Nanostructures, Liwei D. Geng, Sahil Dhoka, Ilan Goldfarb, Ranjit Pati, Yongmei M. Jin
Michigan Tech Publications
Magnetism has recently been observed in nominally nonmagnetic iron disilicide in the form of epitaxial γ-FeSi2 nanostructures on Si(111) substrate. To explore the origin of the magnetism in γ-FeSi2/Si(111) nanostructures, we performed a systematic first-principles study based on density functional theory. Several possible factors, such as epitaxial strain, free surface, interface, and edge, were examined. The calculations show that among these factors, only the edge can lead to the magnetism in γ-FeSi2/Si(111) nanostructures. It is shown that magnetism exhibits a strong dependency on the local atomic structure of the edge. Furthermore, magnetism can be enhanced by creating multiple-step edges. In …
Control Of Spontaneous Emission Dynamics In Microcavities With Chiral Exceptional Surfaces, Q. Zhong, A. Hashemi, Ş. K. Özdemir, Ramy El-Ganainy
Control Of Spontaneous Emission Dynamics In Microcavities With Chiral Exceptional Surfaces, Q. Zhong, A. Hashemi, Ş. K. Özdemir, Ramy El-Ganainy
Michigan Tech Publications
We investigate spontaneous emission from a quantum emitter located within the mode volume of a microring resonator that features chiral exceptional points. We show that this configuration offers enough degrees of freedom to exhibit a full control to either enhance or suppress the emission process. Particularly, we demonstrate that the Purcell factor can be enhanced by a factor of two beyond its value in an identical microring operating at a diabolic point. Our conclusions, which are derived using a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian formalism, are confirmed by employing full-wave simulations of realistic photonic structures and materials. Our results offer a straightforward route …
Effects Of The Large-Scale Circulation On Temperature And Water Vapor Distributions In The Π Chamber, Jesse Anderson, Subin Thomas, Prasanth Prabhakaran, Raymond A. Shaw, Will H. Cantrell
Effects Of The Large-Scale Circulation On Temperature And Water Vapor Distributions In The Π Chamber, Jesse Anderson, Subin Thomas, Prasanth Prabhakaran, Raymond A. Shaw, Will H. Cantrell
Michigan Tech Publications
Microphysical processes are important for the development of clouds and thus Earth's climate. For example, turbulent fluctuations in the water vapor concentration, r, and temperature, T, cause fluctuations in the saturation ratio, S. Because S is the driving factor in the condensational growth of droplets, fluctuations may broaden the cloud droplet size distribution due to individual droplets experiencing different growth rates. The small scale turbulent fluctuations in the atmosphere that are relevant to cloud droplets are difficult to quantify through field measurements. We investigate these processes in the laboratory, using Michigan Tech's Π Chamber. The Π Chamber …
Design, Upgrade And Characterization Of The Silicon Photomultiplier Front-End For The Amiga Detector At The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, J. M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. F. Nitz, A. Puyleart, Et Al.
Design, Upgrade And Characterization Of The Silicon Photomultiplier Front-End For The Amiga Detector At The Pierre Auger Observatory, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, J. M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, B. Fick, D. F. Nitz, A. Puyleart, Et Al.
Michigan Tech Publications
AMIGA (Auger Muons and Infill for the Ground Array) is an upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory to complement the study of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) by measuring the muon content of extensive air showers (EAS). It consists of an array of 61 water Cherenkov detectors on a denser spacing in combination with underground scintillation detectors used for muon density measurement. Each detector is composed of three scintillation modules, with 10 m2 detection area per module, buried at 2.3 m depth, resulting in a total detection area of 30 m2. Silicon photomultiplier sensors (SiPM) measure the amount of scintillation light …
Deep Space Observations Of Terrestrial Glitter, Alexander Kostinski, Alexander Marshak, Tamás Várnai
Deep Space Observations Of Terrestrial Glitter, Alexander Kostinski, Alexander Marshak, Tamás Várnai
Michigan Tech Publications
Deep space climate observatory (DSCOVR) spacecraft drifts about the Lagrangian point ≈1.4–1.6 × 10 km from Earth, where its Earth polychromatic imaging camera (EPIC) observes the sun-lit face of the Earth every 1 to 2 hours. At any instance, there is a preferred (specular) spot on the globe, where a glint may be observed by EPIC. While monitoring reflectance at these spots (terrestrial glitter), we observe occasional intense glints originating from neither ocean surface nor cloud ice and we argue that mountain lakes high in the Andes are among the causes. We also examine time-averaged reflectance at the spots and …