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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Physics
A Laboratory Facility To Study Gas-Aerosol-Cloud Interactions In A Turbulent Environment: The Π Chamber, K. Chang, J. Bench, M. Brege, Will Cantrell, K. Chandrakar, David Ciochetto, Claudio Mazzoleni, Lynn Mazzoleni, Dennis Niedermeier, R. A. Shaw
A Laboratory Facility To Study Gas-Aerosol-Cloud Interactions In A Turbulent Environment: The Π Chamber, K. Chang, J. Bench, M. Brege, Will Cantrell, K. Chandrakar, David Ciochetto, Claudio Mazzoleni, Lynn Mazzoleni, Dennis Niedermeier, R. A. Shaw
Department of Physics Publications
A detailed understanding of interactions of aerosols, cloud droplets/ice crystals, and trace gases within the atmosphere is of prime importance for an accurate understanding of Earth’s weather and climate. One aspect that remains especially vexing is that clouds are ubiquitously turbulent, and therefore thermodynamic and compositional variables, such as water vapor supersaturation, fluctuate in space and time. With these problems in mind, a multiphase, turbulent reaction chamber—called the Π chamber because of the internal volume of 3.14 m3 with the cylindrical insert installed—has been developed. It is capable of pressures ranging from 1,000 to –60 hPa and can sustain …
The Consistent Behavior Of Tropical Rain: Average Reflectivity Vertical Profiles Determined By Rain Top Height, Reuven H. Heiblum, Ilan Koren, Orit Altaratz, Alexander Kostinski
The Consistent Behavior Of Tropical Rain: Average Reflectivity Vertical Profiles Determined By Rain Top Height, Reuven H. Heiblum, Ilan Koren, Orit Altaratz, Alexander Kostinski
Department of Physics Publications
Sixteen years of Tropical Rain Measuring Mission (TRMM) reflectivity profile data are collected for oceanic, continental, and island tropical regions within the boreal winter intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). When sorted by the rain top height (RTH), a consistent behavior emerges where the average reflectivity profiles originating at different RTHs form non-overlapping manifolds in the height–reflectivity space, excluding the brightband regions for stratiform type profiles. Based on reflectivity slope (dBZ km−1) profile characteristics and physical considerations, the profiles are divided into three classes: 1) cold profiles, which originate above the −20°C isotherm height and display convergence to a …
Non-Hermitian Engineering Of Single Mode Two Dimensional Laser Arrays, M. H. Teimourpour, Li Ge, Demetrios N. Christodoulides, Ramy El-Ganainy
Non-Hermitian Engineering Of Single Mode Two Dimensional Laser Arrays, M. H. Teimourpour, Li Ge, Demetrios N. Christodoulides, Ramy El-Ganainy
Department of Physics Publications
A new scheme for building two dimensional laser arrays that operate in the single supermode regime is proposed. This is done by introducing an optical coupling between the laser array and lossy pseudo-isospectral chains of photonic resonators. The spectrum of this discrete reservoir is tailored to suppress all the supermodes of the main array except the fundamental one. This spectral engineering is facilitated by employing the Householder transformation in conjunction with discrete supersymmetry. The proposed scheme is general and can in principle be used in different platforms such as VCSEL arrays and photonic crystal laser arrays.
Boron Nitride Nanotubes: Recent Advances In Their Synthesis, Functionalization, And Applications, Chee Huei Lee, Shiva Bhandari, Bishnu Tiwari, Nazmiye Yapici, Dongyan Zhang, Yoke Khin Yap
Boron Nitride Nanotubes: Recent Advances In Their Synthesis, Functionalization, And Applications, Chee Huei Lee, Shiva Bhandari, Bishnu Tiwari, Nazmiye Yapici, Dongyan Zhang, Yoke Khin Yap
Department of Physics Publications
A comprehensive overview of current research progress on boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) is presented in this article. Particularly, recent advancements in controlled synthesis and large-scale production of BNNTs will first be summarized. While recent success in mass production of BNNTs has opened up new opportunities to implement the appealing properties in various applications, concerns about product purity and quality still remain. Secondly, we will summarize the progress in functionalization of BNNTs, which is the necessary step for their applications. Additionally, selected potential applications in structural composites and biomedicine will be highlighted.
Characterization Of Cumulus Cloud Fields Using Trajectories In The Center Of Gravity Versus Water Mass Phase Space: 2. Aerosol Effects On Warm Convective Clouds, Reuven H. Heiblum, Orit Altaratz, Ilan Koren, Graham Feingold, Alexander Kostinski, Alexander Khain, Mikhail S. Ovchinnikov, Guy Dagan, Lital Pinto, Ricki Yaish, Qian Chen
Characterization Of Cumulus Cloud Fields Using Trajectories In The Center Of Gravity Versus Water Mass Phase Space: 2. Aerosol Effects On Warm Convective Clouds, Reuven H. Heiblum, Orit Altaratz, Ilan Koren, Graham Feingold, Alexander Kostinski, Alexander Khain, Mikhail S. Ovchinnikov, Guy Dagan, Lital Pinto, Ricki Yaish, Qian Chen
Department of Physics Publications
In Part I of this work a 3‐D cloud tracking algorithm and phase space of center of gravity altitude versus cloud liquid water mass (CvM space) were introduced and described in detail. We showed how new physical insight can be gained by following cloud trajectories in the CvM space. Here this approach is used to investigate aerosol effects on cloud fields of warm cumuli. We show a clear effect of the aerosol loading on the shape and size of CvM clusters. We also find fundamental differences in the CvM space between simulations using bin versus bulk microphysical schemes, with the …
Characterization Of Cumulus Cloud Fields Using Trajectories In The Center Of Gravity Versus Water Mass Phase Space: 1. Cloud Tracking And Phase Space Description, Reuven H. Heiblum, Orit Altaratz, Ilan Koren, Graham Feingold, Alexander Kostinski, Alexander Khain, Mikhail S. Ovchinnikov, Erick Fredj, Lital Pinto, Ricki Yaish, Qian Chen
Characterization Of Cumulus Cloud Fields Using Trajectories In The Center Of Gravity Versus Water Mass Phase Space: 1. Cloud Tracking And Phase Space Description, Reuven H. Heiblum, Orit Altaratz, Ilan Koren, Graham Feingold, Alexander Kostinski, Alexander Khain, Mikhail S. Ovchinnikov, Erick Fredj, Lital Pinto, Ricki Yaish, Qian Chen
Department of Physics Publications
We study the evolution of warm convective cloud fields using large eddy simulations of continental and trade cumulus. Individual clouds are tracked a posteriori from formation to dissipation using a 3‐D cloud‐tracking algorithm, and results are presented in the phase space of center of gravity altitude versus cloud liquid water mass (CvM space). The CvM space is shown to contain rich information on cloud field characteristics, cloud morphology, and common cloud development pathways, together facilitating a comprehensive understanding of the cloud field. In this part we show how the meteorological (thermodynamic) conditions that determine the cloud properties are projected on …
An Example Of Persistent Microstructure In A Long Rain Event, A. R. Jameson, M. L. Larsen, A. B. Kostinski
An Example Of Persistent Microstructure In A Long Rain Event, A. R. Jameson, M. L. Larsen, A. B. Kostinski
Department of Physics Publications
A 2D video disdrometer (2DVD) probe was used to gather detailed drop measurements over a 770-min rain event. Accumulated totals of the rainfall and of the number of drops for each square centimeter showed persistent, significant correlated structures across the approximately 11 cm × 11 cm grid of the 2DVD. This is surprising because larger-scale studies suggest that the values in each square centimeter should be highly correlated with very little variation. Nevertheless, this correlation remains strikingly similar to what is observed at a coarser resolution, suggesting that it somehow scales with spatial resolution. However, because the correlation functions are …
Comprehensive Tool For Calculation Of Radiative Fluxes: Illustration Of Shortwave Aerosol Radiative Effect Sensitivities To The Details In Aerosol And Underlying Surface Characteristics, Yevgeny Derimian, Oleg Dubovik, Xin Huang, Tatyana Lapyonok, Pavel Litvinov, Alexander Kostinski, Philippe Dubuisson, Fabrice Ducos
Comprehensive Tool For Calculation Of Radiative Fluxes: Illustration Of Shortwave Aerosol Radiative Effect Sensitivities To The Details In Aerosol And Underlying Surface Characteristics, Yevgeny Derimian, Oleg Dubovik, Xin Huang, Tatyana Lapyonok, Pavel Litvinov, Alexander Kostinski, Philippe Dubuisson, Fabrice Ducos
Department of Physics Publications
The evaluation of aerosol radiative effect on broadband hemispherical solar flux is often performed using simplified spectral and directional scattering characteristics of atmospheric aerosol and underlying surface reflectance. In this study we present a rigorous yet fast computational tool that accurately accounts for detailed variability of both spectral and angular scattering properties of aerosol and surface reflectance in calculation of direct aerosol radiative effect. The tool is developed as part of the GRASP (Generalized Retrieval of Aerosol and Surface Properties) project. We use the tool to evaluate instantaneous and daily average radiative efficiencies (radiative effect per unit aerosol optical thickness) …
Optomechanical Interactions In Non-Hermitian Photonic Molecules, D. W. Schönleber, A Eisfeld, Ramy El-Ganainy
Optomechanical Interactions In Non-Hermitian Photonic Molecules, D. W. Schönleber, A Eisfeld, Ramy El-Ganainy
Department of Physics Publications
We study optomechanical interactions in non-Hermitian photonic molecules that support two photonic states and one acoustic mode. The nonlinear steady-state solutions and their linear stability landscapes are investigated as a function of the system's parameters and excitation power levels. We also examine the temporal evolution of the system and uncover different regimes of nonlinear dynamics. Our analysis reveals several important results: (1) parity-time () symmetry is not necessarily the optimum choice for maximum optomechanical interaction. (2) Stable steady-state solutions are not always reached under continuous wave optical excitations. (3) Accounting for gain saturation effects can regulate the behavior of the …
New Flexible Channels For Room Temperature Tunneling Field Effect Transistors, Boyi Hao, Anjana Asthana, Paniz Khanmohammadi, Paul Bergstrom, Douglas R. Banyai, Madhusudan A. Savaikar, John A. Jaszczak, Yoke Khin Yap
New Flexible Channels For Room Temperature Tunneling Field Effect Transistors, Boyi Hao, Anjana Asthana, Paniz Khanmohammadi, Paul Bergstrom, Douglas R. Banyai, Madhusudan A. Savaikar, John A. Jaszczak, Yoke Khin Yap
Department of Physics Publications
Tunneling field effect transistors (TFETs) have been proposed to overcome the fundamental issues of Si based transistors, such as short channel effect, finite leakage current, and high contact resistance. Unfortunately, most if not all TFETs are operational only at cryogenic temperatures. Here we report that iron (Fe) quantum dots functionalized boron nitride nanotubes (QDs-BNNTs) can be used as the flexible tunneling channels of TFETs at room temperatures. The electrical insulating BNNTs are used as the one-dimensional (1D) substrates to confine the uniform formation of Fe QDs on their surface as the flexible tunneling channel. Consistent semiconductor-like transport behaviors under various …