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Full-Text Articles in Physics
Nonclassicality Without Entanglement Enables Bit Commitment, Howard Barnum, Oscar C. O. Dahlsten, Matthew S. Leifer, Ben Toner
Nonclassicality Without Entanglement Enables Bit Commitment, Howard Barnum, Oscar C. O. Dahlsten, Matthew S. Leifer, Ben Toner
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We investigate the existence of secure bit commitment protocols in the convex framework for probabilistic theories. The framework makes only minimal assumptions, and can be used to formalize quantum theory, classical probability theory, and a host of other possibilities. We prove that in all such theories that are locally non-classical but do not have entanglement, there exists a bit commitment protocol that is exponentially secure in the number of systems used.
Color Transparency In Qcd And Post-Selection In Quantum Mechanics, Shmuel Nussinov, Jeff Tollaksen
Color Transparency In Qcd And Post-Selection In Quantum Mechanics, Shmuel Nussinov, Jeff Tollaksen
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We discuss color transparency in the nuclear QCD context from the perspective of pre- and post-selected ensembles. We show that the small size of the hadronic states can be explained by the peculiar "force of post-selection," in contrast to the more standard explanation based on external forces.
Quantum Graphical Models And Belief Propagation, Matthew S. Leifer, D. Poulin
Quantum Graphical Models And Belief Propagation, Matthew S. Leifer, D. Poulin
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
Belief Propagation algorithms acting on Graphical Models of classical probability distributions, such as Markov Networks, Factor Graphs and Bayesian Networks, are amongst the most powerful known methods for deriving probabilistic inferences amongst large numbers of random variables. This paper presents a generalization of these concepts and methods to the quantum case, based on the idea that quantum theory can be thought of as a noncommutative, operator-valued, generalization of classical probability theory. Some novel characterizations of quantum conditional independence are derived, and definitions of Quantum n-Bifactor Networks, Markov Networks, Factor Graphs and Bayesian Networks are proposed. The structure of Quantum Markov …