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Full-Text Articles in Physics

Quantification Of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound, Joseph Pathoulas Apr 2019

Quantification Of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound, Joseph Pathoulas

All College Thesis Program, 2016-2019

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of manipulating ultrasound scanner settings on time-intensity curve parameters in a tube perfusion phantom system using contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging. Imaging was performed using a Philips LOGIQ E9 ultrasound scanner equipped with a C1-6VN transducer and utilized two different microbubble contrast agents: Definity and Lumason. The ultrasound scanner settings manipulated included: gain, dynamic range, and frequency. Additionally, relative microbubble concentration, microbubble type, and perfusion flow rate were manipulated. Four time-intensity curve parameters (time to peak, area under curve, gradient, peak intensity) were measured from linearized pixel data. Time to peak was …


Residential Radon Exposure And Lung Cancer: Variation In Risk Estimates Using Alternative Exposure Scenarios, R. William Field, Brian J. Smith, Daniel J. Steck, Charles F. Lynch May 2002

Residential Radon Exposure And Lung Cancer: Variation In Risk Estimates Using Alternative Exposure Scenarios, R. William Field, Brian J. Smith, Daniel J. Steck, Charles F. Lynch

Physics Faculty Publications

The most direct way to derive risk estimates for residential radon progeny exposure is through epidemiologic studies that examine the association between residential radon exposure and lung cancer. However, the National Research Council concluded that the inconsistency among prior residential radon case-control studies was largely a consequence of errors in radon dosimetry. This paper examines the impact of applying various epidemiologic dosimetry models for radon exposure assessment using a common data set from the Iowa Radon Lung Cancer Study (IRLCS). The IRLCS uniquely combined enhanced dosimetric techniques, individual mobility assessment, and expert histologic review to examine the relationship between cumulative …


Intercomparison Of Retrospective Radon Detectors, R. William Field, Daniel J. Steck, Mary Ann Parkhurst, Judy A. Mahaffey, Michael C.R. Alavanja Nov 1999

Intercomparison Of Retrospective Radon Detectors, R. William Field, Daniel J. Steck, Mary Ann Parkhurst, Judy A. Mahaffey, Michael C.R. Alavanja

Physics Faculty Publications

We performed both a laboratory and a field intercomparison of two novel glass-based retrospective radon detectors previously used in major radon case-control studies performed in Missouri and Iowa. The new detectors estimate retrospective residential radon exposure from the accumulation of a long-lived radon decay product, 210Pb, in glass. The detectors use track registration material in direct contact with glass surfaces to measure the α-emission of a 210Pb-decay product, 210Po. The detector's track density generation rate (tracks per square centimeter per hour) is proportional to the surface α-activity. In the absence of other strong sources of α-emission in …


Exposure To Atmospheric Radon, Daniel J. Steck, R. William Field, Charles F. Lynch Feb 1999

Exposure To Atmospheric Radon, Daniel J. Steck, R. William Field, Charles F. Lynch

Physics Faculty Publications

We measured radon (222Rn) concentrations in Iowa and Minnesota and found that unusually high annual average radon concentrations occur outdoors in portions of central North America. In some areas, outdoor concentrations exceed the national average indoor radon concentration. The general spatial patterns of outdoor radon and indoor radon are similar to the spatial distribution of radon progeny in the soil. Outdoor radon exposure in this region can be a substantial fraction of an individual's total radon exposure and is highly variable across the population. Estimated lifetime effective dose equivalents for the women participants in a radon-related lung cancer …


Residential Radon-222 Exposure And Lung Cancer: Exposure Assessment Methodology, R. William Field, Daniel J. Steck, Charles F. Lynch, Christine P. Brus, John S. Neuberger, Burton C. Kross Jan 1996

Residential Radon-222 Exposure And Lung Cancer: Exposure Assessment Methodology, R. William Field, Daniel J. Steck, Charles F. Lynch, Christine P. Brus, John S. Neuberger, Burton C. Kross

Physics Faculty Publications

Although occupational epidemiological studies and animal experimentation provide strong evidence that radon-222 (222Rn) progeny exposure causes lung cancer, residential epidemiological studies have not confirmed this association. Past residential epidemiological studies have yielded contradictory findings. Exposure misclassification has seriously compromised the ability of these studies to detect whether an association exists between 222Rn exposure and lung cancer. Misclassification of 222Rn exposure has arisen primarily from: 1) detector measurement error; 2) failure to consider temporal and spatial 222Rn variations within a home; 3) missing data from previously occupied homes that currently are inaccessible; 4) failure to link …


Measuring Airborne Alpha Radioactivity, Greg Taft Jan 1992

Measuring Airborne Alpha Radioactivity, Greg Taft

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

This project develops alpha spectroscopy to measure the airborne concentrations of attached and unattached radon progeny. The system is designed and constructed to be used in homes, thus is portable, fast, and easy to use.