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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Structure And Dynamics Of Model Systems: From Ferrofluids To Brain Membranes, Matthew A. Barrett
Structure And Dynamics Of Model Systems: From Ferrofluids To Brain Membranes, Matthew A. Barrett
Matthew J. Barrett
Soft condensed matter systems are a very diverse and challenging subject to study. To understand the complex macro-properties of such systems one approach is to characterize the microscopic structure and dynamics. A powerful technique for determining micro and nanoscale properties is scattering of radiation sources. Light, electron and neutron scattering techniques provide insight into the complicated molecular structures and the processes happening on these small scales. We have used neutron and x-ray scattering techniques to determine structural and dynamical information from two different types of soft condensed matter systems. The microscopic nature of a cobalt magnetic fluid was studied using …
Escherichia Coli Heptosyltransferase I: Investigation Of Protein Dynamics Of A Gt-B Structural Enzyme, Erika A. Taylor, Daniel J. Czyzyk, Shreya S. Sawant, Carlos A. Ramirez-Mondragon
Escherichia Coli Heptosyltransferase I: Investigation Of Protein Dynamics Of A Gt-B Structural Enzyme, Erika A. Taylor, Daniel J. Czyzyk, Shreya S. Sawant, Carlos A. Ramirez-Mondragon
Erika A. Taylor, Ph.D.
Heptosyltransferase I (HepI), the enzyme responsible for the transfer of l-glycero-d-manno-heptose to a 3-deoxy-α-d-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosonic acid (Kdo) of the growing core region of lipopolysaccharide, is a member of the GT-B structural class of enzymes. Crystal structures have revealed open and closed conformations of apo and ligand-bound GT-B enzymes, implying that large-scale protein conformational dynamics play a role in their reaction mechanism. Here we report transient kinetic analysis of conformational changes in HepI reported by intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence and present the first real-time evidence of a GT-B enzyme undergoing a substrate binding-induced transition from an open to closed state prior to catalysis.
Computational Design Optimization For Microfluidic Magnetophoresis, Brian Dennis Plouffe, Laura H. Lewis, Shashi Krishna Murthy
Computational Design Optimization For Microfluidic Magnetophoresis, Brian Dennis Plouffe, Laura H. Lewis, Shashi Krishna Murthy
Laura H. Lewis
Current macro- and microfluidic approaches for the isolation of mammalian cells are limited in both efficiency and purity. In order to design a robust platform for the enumeration of a target cell population, high collection efficiencies are required. Additionally, the ability to isolate pure populations with minimal biological perturbation and efficient off-chip recovery will enable subcellular analyses of these cells for applications in personalized medicine. Here, a rational design approach for a simple and efficient device that isolates target cell populations via magnetic tagging is presented. In this work, two magnetophoretic microfluidic device designs are described, with optimized dimensions and …
Computational Design Optimization For Microfluidic Magnetophoresis, Brian Plouffe, Laura Lewis, Shashi Murthy
Computational Design Optimization For Microfluidic Magnetophoresis, Brian Plouffe, Laura Lewis, Shashi Murthy
Shashi K. Murthy
Current macro- and microfluidic approaches for the isolation of mammalian cells are limited in both efficiency and purity. In order to design a robust platform for the enumeration of a target cell population, high collection efficiencies are required. Additionally, the ability to isolate pure populations with minimal biological perturbation and efficient off-chip recovery will enable subcellular analyses of these cells for applications in personalized medicine. Here, a rational design approach for a simple and efficient device that isolates target cell populations via magnetic tagging is presented. In this work, two magnetophoretic microfluidic device designs are described, with optimized dimensions and …
An Ethnographic Study: Becoming A Physics Expert In A Biophysics Research Group, Idaykis Rodriguez
An Ethnographic Study: Becoming A Physics Expert In A Biophysics Research Group, Idaykis Rodriguez
Idaykis Rodriguez
Expertise in physics has been traditionally studied in cognitive science, where physics expertise is understood through the difference between novice and expert problem solving skills. The cognitive perspective of physics experts only create a partial model of physics expertise and does not take into account the development of physics experts in the natural context of research. This dissertation takes a social and cultural perspective of learning through apprenticeship to model the development of physics expertise of physics graduate students in a research group. I use a qualitative methodological approach of an ethnographic case study to observe and video record the …
Tourbillion In The Phase Space Of The Bray-Liebhafsky Nonlinear Oscillatory Reaction And Related Multiple-Time-Scale Model, Zeljko D. Cupic
Tourbillion In The Phase Space Of The Bray-Liebhafsky Nonlinear Oscillatory Reaction And Related Multiple-Time-Scale Model, Zeljko D. Cupic
Zeljko D Cupic
The mixed-mode dynamical states found experimentally in the concentration phase space of the iodate catalyzed hydrogen peroxide decomposition (The Bray-Liebhafsky oscillatory reaction) are discussed theoretically in a related multiple-time-scale model, from the viewpoint of tourbillion. With aim to explain the mixed-mode oscillations obtained by numerical simulations of the various dynamical states of a model for the Bray-Liebhafsky reaction under CSTR conditions, the folded singularity points on the critical manifold of the full system and Andronov-Hopf bifurcation of the fast subsystem are calculated. The interaction between those singularities causes occurrence of tourbillion structure.
Microfabricated Nanotopological Surfaces For Study Of Adhesion-Dependent Cell Mechanosensitivity, Weiqiang Chen, Yubing Sun, Jianping Fu
Microfabricated Nanotopological Surfaces For Study Of Adhesion-Dependent Cell Mechanosensitivity, Weiqiang Chen, Yubing Sun, Jianping Fu
Weiqiang Chen
Cells exhibit high sensitivity and diverse responses to the intrinsic nanotopography of the extracellular matrix through their nanoscale cellular sensing machinery. A simple microfabrication method for precise control and spatial patterning of the local nanoroughness on glass surfaces by using photolithography and reactive ion etching is reported. It is demonstrated that local nanoroughness as a biophysical cue could regulate a diverse array of NIH/3T3 fi broblast behaviors, including cell morphology, adhesion, proliferation, migration, and cytoskeleton contractility. The capability to control and further predict cellular responses to nanoroughness might suggest novel methods for developing biomaterials mimicking nanotopographic structures in vivo for …
Surface-Micromachined Microfiltration Membranes For Efficient Isolation And Functional Immunophenotyping Of Subpopulations Of Immune Cells, Weiqiang Chen, Nien-Tsu Huang, Boram Oh, Raymond H. W. Lam, Rong Fan, Timothy T. Cornell, Thomas P. Shanley, Katsuo Kurabayashi, Jianping Fu
Surface-Micromachined Microfiltration Membranes For Efficient Isolation And Functional Immunophenotyping Of Subpopulations Of Immune Cells, Weiqiang Chen, Nien-Tsu Huang, Boram Oh, Raymond H. W. Lam, Rong Fan, Timothy T. Cornell, Thomas P. Shanley, Katsuo Kurabayashi, Jianping Fu
Weiqiang Chen
An accurate measurement of the immune status in patients with immune system disorders is critical in evaluating the stage of diseases and tailoring drug treatments. The functional cellular immunity test is a promising method to establish the diagnosis of immune dysfunctions. The conventional functional cellular immunity test involves measurements of the capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines when stimulated ex vivo. However, this “bulk” assay measures the overall reactivity of a population of lymphocytes and monocytes, making it difficult to pinpoint the phenotype or real identity of the reactive immune cells involved. In this research, we …
Mechaniczny Rozdział Faz Proj., Wojciech M. Budzianowski
Mechaniczny Rozdział Faz Proj., Wojciech M. Budzianowski
Wojciech Budzianowski
No abstract provided.
Challenges And Prospects Of Processes Utilising Carbonic Anhydrase For Co2 Separation, Patrycja Szeligiewicz, Wojciech M. Budzianowski
Challenges And Prospects Of Processes Utilising Carbonic Anhydrase For Co2 Separation, Patrycja Szeligiewicz, Wojciech M. Budzianowski
Wojciech Budzianowski
This article provides an analysis of processes for separation CO2 by using carbonic anhydrase enzyme with particular emphasis on reactive-membrane solutions. Three available processes are characterised. Main challenges and prospects are given. It is found that in view of numerous challenges practical applications of these processes will be difficult in near future. Further research is therefore needed for improving existing processes through finding methods for eliminating their main drawbacks such as short lifetime of carbonic anhydrase or low resistance of reactive membrane systems to impurities contained in flue gases from power plants.
Determination Of Kinetic Parameters From The Thermogravimetric Data Set Of Biomass Samples, Karol Postawa, Wojciech M. Budzianowski
Determination Of Kinetic Parameters From The Thermogravimetric Data Set Of Biomass Samples, Karol Postawa, Wojciech M. Budzianowski
Wojciech Budzianowski
This article describes methods of the determination of kinetic parameters from the thermogravimetric data set of biomass samples. It presents the methodology of the research, description of the needed equipment, and the method of analysis of thermogravimetric data. It describes both methodology of obtaining quantitative data such as kinetic parameters as well as of obtaining qualitative data like the composition of biomass. The study is focused mainly on plant biomass because it is easy in harvesting and preparation. Methodology is shown on the sample containing corn stover which is subsequently pyrolysed. The investigated sample show the kinetic of first order …