Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons^™

Non-Professional Scuba Training Fatalities In The United States (1970-1976), Peter Redmayne

Theses and Major Papers

From 1970 to 1976 ninety seven fatalities occurred during scuba diving training courses taught by nationally recognized scuba certification agencies. Data from these fatalities was gathered and analyzed at the University of Rhode Island's National Underwater Accident Data Center (NUADC) from September 1977 to June 1978. After analysis of each case and compilation of data for the statistical tables, an effort was made to look for specific trends that occurred over the course of the period investigated. In the course of analysis it became evident that a high percentage of training facilities occurred to students who were diving in less …

Spring Phytoplankton Composition And Distribution In Coastal Waters Between Nova Scotia And The Chesapeake Bay, Larry William Neal

OES Theses and Dissertations

This investigation was directed toward satisfying a recognized lack of informat on regarding phytoplankton composition and density in shelf waters between Nova Scotia and the Chesapeake Bay. A sedimentation technique was used in determining the phytoplankton composition of 99 samples collected between 2 March and 3 April 1971. Chlorophyll-a samples collected concurrently were analyzed fluorometrically. Simple correlation analyses were utilized in describing distributional patterns of phytoplankton density and chlorophyll-a concentration with respect to water temperature, salinity, density, depth, distance from shore and latitude. Analysis of variance was employed in assessing regional differences in phytoplankton density and chlorophyll-a.

The phytoplankton flora …

Mercury, Copper, And Zinc In Selected Ichthyofauna Of Lower Chesapeake Bay And Hampton Roads, Virginia, W. Bruce Aitenhead

OES Theses and Dissertations

Anchovys, croaker, spat, summer flounder and hogchokers were collected monthly to seasonally from November 1972 to October 1973 at three locations in the southern Chesapeake Bay region of Virginia.

The concentrations of mercury, copper and zinc were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in whole fishes. Metal concentration varied with species and location. Anchovys had the highest mean concentrations of mercury and zinc while hog- chokers had the highest mean copper concentration. Mercury levels exceeding O.5 ppm were observed in species from all three loca- tions, but maximum heavy metal concentrations per species were highest in Craney Island fishes.

Temporal variations …

Dredge Spoil Disposal With Particular Reference To Management Practices In Southern New England, Lynne A. Melville

Theses and Major Papers

One-half million acres of U.S. coastal wetlands have been destroyed by dredging and filling operations since 1956. They are being destroyed at the rate of 0.5-1.0% each year. In one ten year period, Rhode Island lost 5% of its 2000 acres of wetlands to urban development, and Connecticut lost 12% of its marsh lands. Less than 1500 acres of marsh remain in Connecticut. During the course of this research project, I examined one aspect of wetland destruction - the dredging and disposal of spoil materials onto wetlands and into the coastal waters of Southern New England. What follows is a …

The Natural Growth Records Of Reef-Building Corals, Richard E. Dodge

Oceanography Faculty Theses and Dissertations

Through analysis of hermatypic coral incremental growth features, it is possible to determine the response of recent corals to their environments. In this way I have attempted to obtain a tool not only to gain knowledge of recent growth processes but also for reconstructing aspects of past environmental conditions associated with fossil coral growth. The procedure has been first to determine time relationships and characteristics of coral skeletal density bands and to next use banding for investigations into areal growth rate patterns, coral population age distributions, and coral-climate interactions.

Density band couplets, visible X-radiographically in medial sections of coral skeletons, …

An Input-Output Analysis Of The Soviet Fleet In Icnaf Areas 5 And 6, 1961-1973, F. Robert Bauer

Theses and Major Papers

One of the goals of the Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 was the rebuilding of the American fishing industry. However, the Act does not give the U.S.fisherman exclusive rights to the fishery resource. The American fisherman will still be competing with the foreign fleets. Section 204 (b) (1) of the Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976. states: Each foreign nation with which the United States has entered into a governing international agreement shall submit an application to the Secretary of State each year for a permit for each of its fishing vessels to engage in fishing described …

Present Trends In The Development Of Marine Fisheries By Coastal States Of The East Central Atlantic, Ethman T. A. Golley-Morgan

Theses and Major Papers

In order to create an incentive for a rapid development of the rural-based artisanal fisheries of coastal states, that can actively compete with large scale industrial fisheries of non-coastal states as well as coastal states of the region, some states are now moving towards an integrated approach in their development efforts. Such integrated projects will take into consideration rural development, provision of infrastructural facilities for fish handling and processing, vessel servicing, repairs and boat building. Socio-economic factors such as organization of fishermen's cooperatives, financing and marketing institutions are also vital inputs.

Meeting The United States Requirement For A Merchant Marine, John F. Drake

Theses and Major Papers

This paper will derive the United States' need for a merchant fleet from the facts available, and will express these needs in terms which can be used to form reasonable goals. The history of the U.S. Merchant Marine will then be examined to learn how it arrived at its present status. Successes and failures of industry practices and government support programs will be highlighted, and an examination will be made of the degree to which the needs of the United States can be met with today's U.S. merchant fleet.

Science In The Sea-Can The Scientists Endure 200 Mile Jurisdiction?: A Case Study Of The R/V Trident 1973-1975, Barbara Ray

Theses and Major Papers

Before the 1958 Continental Shelf Convention scientists were free to do their research anywhere in the oceans except within a narrow band of territorial waters. Since that time national jurisdiction has closed off increasing amounts of the sea. Most coastal areas and continental shelf areas now require coastal state consent prior to commencing work. Possible reasons for this closure include 1) fear of natural resource exploitation, 2) fear of military exploitation, or 3) growing feelings of nationalism among the developing countries. This paper is divided into two parts. The first deals at length with the development of the issue of …

The Photosynthetic Action Spectra Of The Phytoplankton And Their Role In Governing Spatial And Temporal Distribution: A Numerical Modeling Approach, William Morrow Willis

OES Theses and Dissertations

In the present study a numerical modeling approach is employed to examine the role of division spedific differences in photosynthetic action spectra in governing the relative size of diatom and dinoflagellate carbon synthesis along various marine light regime gradients. A radiative transfer model taking into account both Rayleigh and Mie atmospheric optical properties is employed to define the light regime incident on the sea surface. The hydrospheric light regime is defined by an exponential decay model with a correction for diffuse back scatter. Taken together, the atmospheric and hydrospheric models define the spectral composition and intensity of light in the …

The Response Of An Idealized Continental Shelf To Atmospheric Forcing, Paul Francis Moersdorf

OES Theses and Dissertations

The response of continental shelf water to cooling and wind stress is investigated using a two-dimensional numerical model. The topography of the east coast continental shelf was idealized by connecting a shallow (50 m) rectangular nearshore basin to a deeper (100 m) rectangular offshore basin. Numerous cases were examined using a wide range of values for both the air•sea temperature difference and the Wind speed, although the direction of the wind was always perpendicular to the coast.

The model predicts large excursions of shelf water offshore, and the subsequent surfacing of lower waters. Upwelling velocities of close to five meters …

A National Approach For Marine Scientific Research In Exclusive Economic Zones, Thomas H. Brillat

Theses and Major Papers

After years of constant negotiations at the Third United Nations Conference of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III), no new codified law for the seas has been produced. It appears certain, though, that countries throughout the world will exercise some form of sovereignty or national jurisdiction over an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) extending 188 miles into the ocean beyond a twelve mile territorial sea. Included in this jurisdiction will be the control of marine scientific research (MSR). A need has arisen to establish a uniform procedure for the conduct of MSR to the mutual advantages of the coastal state, …

Concrete Ships, Mark L. Lavache

Theses and Major Papers

The incentive behind this study is based on a two-fold premise: 1) that a comprehensive outline of the historical development of concrete shipbuilding and its related technologies is either non-existent or defies discovery, and 2) that although this study is neither based on a hypothesis, nor intended to resolve a problem area or promote a position, its merit lies in its inductive nature. Included are explanations of of the various compositions, uses, and construction techniques relating to reinforced concrete, ferro-cement, and prestressed concrete.

Interagency Conflict And Its Effect On Intermodal Shipping, Gerald Seifert

Theses and Major Papers

The movement of goods by more than one mode of transportation in a single container has been viewed by some in the marine component of the transportation industry as a transformation a important as the coming of steam. Concerns with intermodalism and the difficulties faced in addressing the needs presented by the technologically enhanced maritime transportation industry do not start with the invention of the first multi-package container capable of being moved by several modes of transportation without need to repack; they start with an exploration of the perceived need to regulate the several components of the transportation industry, the …

A Proposal For A World Ocean Management Authority: As An Alternative Ocean Regime To Meet The Challenge Of The Management And Utilization Of Collective Ocean Activities, Simon W. Tache

Theses and Major Papers

The oceans may be an alternative source of resource supply offering the opportunity for extensive practical uses. A number of ocean systems have been instituted to manage the exploitation of ocean resources including the practice of states to negotiate and enter into bilateral and multilateral agreements on a variety of ocean activities; but the complexities as well as the tendency of some of these ocean uses to generate extraterritorial effects, accentuate the need for a global response to alleviate these problems. Isolated individual national regulations and standards lack international uniformity to ensure adequate and rational utilization of the oceans and …

Optimum Yield And The Fcma: A Case For Economic Discrimination, Herrick J. Johnson

Theses and Major Papers

Marine Affairs thesis from the University of Rhode Island.

Life History Aspects Of The Gray Tilefish, Caulolatilus Microps (Goode And Bean, 1878), Jeffrey L. Ross

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Planktonic Fish Eggs And Larvae Of The Lower Chesapeake Bay, John E. Olney

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

The Interaction Of Eolian Sand Transport, Vegetation, And Dune Geomorphology: Currituck Spit, Virginia-North Carolina, Andrew L. Gutman

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Of Bottom Sediments To The Current-Generated Topography On Crumps Bank And Willoughby Bank, Southern Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, Eugene Robert Brush

OES Theses and Dissertations

Crumps Bank and Willoughby Bank in Southern Chesapeake Bay are an area of varying topography. The area is bounded by two large bridge-tunnel spans, the dredged Thimble Shoal Channel borders it to the north, and the Ocean View section of Norfolk, Virginia lies to the south. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the relationship of the bottom sediments of Crumps Bank and Willoughby Bank.to the current-generated topography, and that this topography is the result of tidal currents.

The bathymetry, bottom sediment characteristics, bottom tidal currents, and the correlation of depth to various sediment parameters were examined to determine …

The Ultrastructure Of Cell Division In Male Reproductive Branches Of Polysiphonia Denudata, Cynthia Louise Bosco

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.