Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons^™

The Mediterranean Coast Of Israel: A Planner's Approach, Sophia Professorsky

Theses and Major Papers

The coastal zone of Israel is facing an ever-growing pressure of varied and conflicting land uses. Spreading urbanization, from Nahariya in the north to Ashkelon in the south, gnaws agricultural areas; the needs for commercial ports and industrial plants stand in conflict with recreational uses of the seashore and, as described before, the natural conditions of land shelf structure, topography and climate, are favourable for both industry and residence so that the narrow stretch of the coastal zone attracts more and more of them.

A Zooplankton Study Of Stumpy Lake, Virginia Beach, Virginia, Jose E. Hernandez

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

A one year study was made of the zooplankton composition in Stumpy lake, a reservoir in the city of Virginia Beach, Virginia. Quantitative and qualitative -parameters were investigated under field conditions. The analysis of the data presents information on the monthly dynamics or the zooplankton and other fluctuations in the lake environment. It is the intention or this study to emphasize the seasonal changes in the zooplankton community and their relationship to the ecological factors responsible for these variations.

Phycosociology Of The Estuarine Eulittoral Of Smith Island Virginia: A Quantitative Approach To Seasonal Periodicity, William M. Willis

OES Theses and Dissertations

Seasonal periodicity of benthic algae of the estuarine eulittoral of Smith Island, Virginia, (37°07’55” N, 75°55’ W), has been investigated on a qualitative and quantitative basis. Forty-three taxa of benthic eucaryiotic algae were found to be present; of these, twenty-one were quantitatively significant at least once during the course of the study. Five species represent additions to the Virginia flora, and, at the same time, also represent southern extensions of the known U.S. east coast range. The range of three other species has been extended, though they are not new to Virginia.

Review of the literature suggests two models of …

Food And Feeding Of Fishes From Magothy Bay, Virginia, Joseph J. Kimmel

OES Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Channel Improvements, New London, Connecticut: A Case Study, E. L. Gallup

Theses and Major Papers

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is one of the largest single Federal agencies involved in the planning, design and construction of public waterborne transportation facilities. A critical review of a typical corps of Engineers survey report on the improvements to a harbor should provide an insight to the means of allocating the costs and benefits resulting from government expenditures. The purpose of this paper is to review this process using as a vehicle the proposed improvements to the navigation channel at New London, Connecticut

A Regional Perspective For Coastal Zone Management In New England, Susan Holliday Anderson

Theses and Major Papers

To emphasize the need for a regional perspective of the coastal zone in effective planning in New England, the characteristics that make New England a distinct marine region and the use conflicts that are specific to this region are explored in the discussion that follows.The extent to which the New England states have developed coastal zone management, both in incremental local and state practice and through comprehensive plans, is also discussed. Within New England, there are regional organizations that provide assistance and guidance in matters relating to the coastal zone, but to date, most of their efforts have been directed …

Elements Of Tanzanian Coastal Planning, James J. Griffin

Theses and Major Papers

The purpose of this paper is to examine aspects of a Coastal Zone Plan as it applies to the Republic of Tanzania with its differences from and similarities to, the United States coastal zone planning experience. Possibly, as a result, some feeling for the problem of organizational concepts and approaches, as well as the current need for Tanzanian coastal zone management will emerge.

Organizing New England Commercial Fishermen; Local, State, And Regional Efforts, William Hoit Mackenzie

Theses and Major Papers

New England commercial fishermen are organizing to resolve problems among themselves and influence fishery-related decisions at all levels of government. A need emerged for regional fishermen's groups which, with a potential for large membership, substantial financing, and a full-time staff, could speak for the New England fishermen. A national organizing effort could grow from that base. This study details several forms which fishery organizations have taken at local and state levels. Emphasis is then placed on the formation, growth, and operating procedures of the two New England regional efforts.

Comprehensive Land Use Planning: Its Development And Potential Impact On Coastal Zone Management, Raymond A. Siuta

Theses and Major Papers

Presently, the United States is in the midst of a "revolution" concerning the management and use regulation of its land resources. This peaceful "revolution" is occurring as a consequence of local government's inability to properly enforce land use controls and to adequately cope with rapid land development. However, this paper in discussing land use controls comments only on those comprehensive efforts directly affecting the coastal zone or indirectly affecting it through all-inclusive land manage regulations. This narrow discussion should not indicate to the reader that specific land use proposals have not been introduce for impact on other physiographic regions.

The Federal Waste Water Treatment System Construction Grant Program: What It Requires Of States And How It Works, L. C. Leopold

Theses and Major Papers

This paper is the result of a study conducted to inform the author as to how the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) relates to state and intrastate programs that deal with waste water treatment systems in a coastal state. The investigation centered on how EPA actually manages its functions and assistance directed towards state-level and local-level efforts to control sewage treatment facilities. The study was not limited only to the federal-to-state-flow dynamics. It also looked at areas of purely state function, state-to-local flow, and also the opposite situation of local-to-sate-to-federal oriented inputs.

The Legal Aspects Of Containerization, C. Douglas Skinner

Theses and Major Papers

A not-so-quiet revolution has been sweeping the transportation industry with the advent of containerization, a practice wherein goods are loaded into a 20' by 40' x 8' box of metal, wood or fiberglass, sealed, and shipped as a unit or package via rail, truck, freighter, or even air. While the use of the container for point-to-point shipment is part of the larger aspect of intermodal transportation, or the process through which the container travels by way of the differing methods or modes of transportation, this paper will deal primarily in how the ocean shipping industry interacts legally with the other …

Mesoscale Atmospheric Circulation And Diffusion Characteristics, Ronan I. Ellis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Constant volume superpressure pillow balloons were flown over a mountain valley downwind from a sharp ridge line. Balloon trajectories revealed and atmospheric soundings confirmed a persistent turbulently mixed adiabatic layer over the valley at approximately ridge top height except in the immediate lee of the ridge where strong vertical motions were observed. Temporary stationarity of the relative mesoscale turbulence was found to exist on a time scale exceeding 4 hours. Power spectrum analysis of component relative velocities showed greater variance in lower wave numbers and anisotropy in mesoscale turbulence. Eddy diffusivity coefficients for turbulence above the ridge height were K …

Solid Waste Disposal And Ocean Dumping, John William Sellers

Theses and Major Papers

A broad-scope overview of the solid waste disposal problem as intensified by legislation against ocean dumping of such wastes. Since the problem of increasing ocean pollution was partly solved by extensive restrictions on ocean dumping, wastes formerly disposed of in the oceans must now be disposed of by other methods. These alternative methods are discussed and cost estimates applied insofar as feasible; effects on the environment and on the conservation of natural resources are also discussed. Efforts should be directed to determine the level of solid waste disposal which would result in beneficial effects, or at the worst, in non-harmful …

A Seasonal Distributional Survey Of The Epiphytic Diatoms Of The Outer Banks Region Of North Carolina With Respect To Temperature And Salinity, Charles Welles Belin Jr.

OES Theses and Dissertations

This study was initiated to investigate epiphytic diatoms at selected stations along the North Carolina coast and bay region. The relationships between these organisms and the season of the year and salinity and temperature of the water in which they were found are considered. The special affinity between the epiphytic diatoms and their host plants is also discussed. The specific data were analyzed statistically via linear correlation coefficients, graphs of least squares-best fit, and multiple linear regression analysis.

From the statistical tests, it was found that the mean number of epiphytic diatoms shows a significant multiple linear regression with respect …

Investigation Of The Halocline Structure In Lower Chesapeake Bay, Samuel Bowen Heltzel

OES Theses and Dissertations

A portion of the Chesapeake Bay from 37°20’N latitude to the entrance was investigated to determine the halocline structure, the effects on this structure through the tidal sequence, and seasonal variations. A determination of the stage of slack water during which maximum extension of the halocline occurred was also made. This was accomplished by looking at the salinity distribution at the halocline upper limit, the mean depth to the halocline, and seasonal salinity contours drawn for tidal increments. By comparing salinity/depth gradients and salinity-depth vertical profiles, an attempt was made to relate seasonal and tidal variations to the halocline structure. …

The Investigation Of Snowfall Rate Using Optical Techniques, Gerald J. Mulvey

Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences Theses and Dissertations

Experiments involving the attenuation of light by falling snow, or hydrometeors in general, lend themselves to the study of at least two problems of meteorological interest. The first problem is that of visibility in adverse weather conditions, and the second is that of finding a better method to measure precipitation. From the late 1940's through the late 1960's, various investigators have attempted to apply forward light scattering theory in the geometric optics range (α ≥ 200, where α = (2π_r)/λ, λ=wavelength and r = radius)* to quantitatively describe the attenuation of a light beam, and thereby visibility changes due to …

Environmental Improvement: A Concept For Harbor Maintenance Programs For Long Island Sound, John-Robert Curtin

Theses and Major Papers

This paper suggests a comprehensive approach to maintenance dredging and maintenance dredge disposal for Connecticut in a carefully-regulated manner that will improve, rather than impair, the natural quality of the Sound. It proposes an interim measure that would allow for the continued operation of Connecticuts Commercial Harbor areas until a permanent program, together with the necessary technological advances, can be implemented to handle dredge disposal. This paper is based on data presently available on New Haven Harbor, presented in a report on the environmental quality of dredge spoils proposed to be removed from one area within New Haven Harbor known …

Offshore Oil Interests Of The United States: An Overview, Scott H. Marstan

Theses and Major Papers

The following discussion focuses on the current situation as regards U.S. oil interests worldwide offshore. It divides into three general areas: 1) a general view of the scope of the U.S. oil companies' investments offshore, foreign and domestic, 2) an analysis of the recent rise to power of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and the ensuing problems created for U.S. oil investments abroad, and 3) a brief history and a discussion of U.S. oil interests in the law of the sea as an expression of their concern for resolution to OPEC-like problems.

Distribution Of Foraminiferida In An Estuarine Marsh System, Charles Warren Norton

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Foraminiferal faunas in marshes and distributary channels of the James River estuary, Virginia, disclose several facies. The channel facies, primarily Ammobaculites crassus, and A. sp. A, typical of estuaries in Chesapeake Bay and other brackish areas are readily distinguishable freom the march facies. Marshes are divisible laterally by changes in the relative proportions of marsh species such as Miliammina fusca, Ammoastuta salsa, and Haplophragmoides hancocki.Changes along the longitudinal estuarine salinity gradient are discernable in both tidal creeks and marsh. Channels exhibit a longitudinal gradient from a freshwater thecamoebinid facies through an upper and mid-estuarine Ammobaculites facies to a higher salinity …

The Comparative Ecology Of Two Species Of Pipefish (Syngnathidae) In The York River, Virginia, Linda P. Mercer

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Optimum Age, Temperature, And Salinity For Estuarine Stocking Of Juvenile Striped Bass, Morone Saxatilis, Walter Steven Otwell

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

A 3n factorial design to evaluate the effects of an abrupt introduction of striped bass, Morone saxatilis from a closed-system rearing facility into a variety of experimental temperature and salinity combinations has demonstrated a considerable hardiness of juvenile fish. Striped bass less than two months old had over 80.0%, survival during seven days subsequent to acute introduction from an average ambient condition of 21.0 ± 3 C at 0.20 to 4.8% into temperatures of 18 C and 24 C and salinities of 4.0% and 12.0%. Relative growth in these treatments was significantly greater than in the 12 C treatment at …

The Effects Of Intrinsic And Environmental Factors On The Oxygen Consumption Of The Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus Rathbun, Chae E. Laird

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Retention And Escapement Characteristics Of Pound Nets As A Function Of Pound-Head Mesh Size, Henry Louis Meyer

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Variations In Major Cations And Certain Heavy Metals In The Serum Of The Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus, James Alden Colvocoresses

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Biology Of The Rock Crab, Cancer Irroratus Say, In Coastal Waters Of Virginia, Lewis Roller Shotton

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The commercial seabass notting fishery and the trawl fishery in the Blackfish Bank area east of the entrance to Chincoteague Bay were used to study the biology of the rock crab, Cancer irroratus Say. Highest relative abundance of rock crabs occured in February, March, and April when coldest inshore (<30m) bottom water temperatures occurred. Relative abundance during all other months was extremely low. The apparent seasonal change in relative abundance may be due to an inshore-offshore seasonal migration of mature crabs following the seasonal inshore-offshore shift of colder bottom water. Male rock crabs grow to a significantly larger size than females. The carapace width range of males captured in the potting fishery was 66 to 141 mm; and 25 to 106 mm for females. In the trawl fishery the width range for males was 20 to 137 mm; and 22 to 102 mm for females. In both pot and trawl catches the male to female ratio was biased in favor of males. Males comprised 92% of the pot catch and 84% of all crabs captured by trawl. From August through December all crabs were in the hard shell intermolt stage. Small percentages of soft crabs occurred from January through June. Papershell crabs predominated in February, March and April. It is probable that most crabs molted in January and the process of exoskeleton hardening took several months. Ovigerous females were captured in seabass pots in April and June and in trawls from February through April. All ovigerous crabs were in hard shell condition. Gondal inspection of males and the presence of eggs on females indicated that rock crabs mature at a relatively small size (30 mm carapace width). Female rock crabs have a deeper body and wider abdomen than equivalent width males. Abdomen width grows more rapidly for females after the onset of sexual maturity than before. Mature females have a longer carapace than equivalent width males. Male and female regressions of chela length on carapace width could not be compared statistically but plots of the equations suggest no sexual difference. This dissertation is from the Joint Program Degree from the College of William & Mary and University of Virginia and awarded by the University of Virginia.

Relative Growth, Reproduction And Distribution Of The Rock Crab, Cancer Irroratus, In Chesapeake Bay During The Winter, Roy Tim Terretta

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.