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Monte Carlo Simulation Of The Game Of Twenty-One, Douglas E. Loer
Monte Carlo Simulation Of The Game Of Twenty-One, Douglas E. Loer
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the application of computer simulation to the game of Twenty-One to predict a player's expected return from the game. Twenty-One has traditionally been one of the most popular casino games and has attracted much effort to accurately estimate the house's true advantage. Probability theory has been tried, but the thousands of different combinations of cards possible in all hands throughout the entire pack make it practically impossible to apply probability theory without overlooking some possibilities. For this reason, Twenty-One is a perfect candidate for simulation. By blocking several simulations, normal theory can …