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Full-Text Articles in Environmental Sciences
Table Of Contents, William F. Andelt
Table Of Contents, William F. Andelt
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Proceedings
Fencing For Deer Control, William R. Bonwell
Fencing For Deer Control, William R. Bonwell
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Deer (odocoileus virginianus) depredations are a serious problem for many landowners and few landowners plan for these potential depredations. Fencing to restrict deer movements has become the most economical means of control. Several fence designs are available but the new electrified high tensile wire fences hold the most promise for deer control.
Rodent-Agriculture Interactions In No-Tillage Crop Fields, Kent E. Holm, Ron J. Johnson, Walter W. Stroup
Rodent-Agriculture Interactions In No-Tillage Crop Fields, Kent E. Holm, Ron J. Johnson, Walter W. Stroup
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Acreage in reduced- and no-tillage farming systems has increased markedly in recent years, a trend that is expected to continue. However, small rodent populations thrive in these fields and at times dig and consume newly planted seeds and seedlings. During 1983, no-tillage corn, wheat and grain sorghum fields in western (Red Willow Co.) and eastern (Saline and Jefferson Cos.) Nebraska were evaluated to determine the distribution and food habits of the rodent species present, the damage to crops, and the availability of alternate rodent food sources. During June (post-emergence) and August (maximum corn height), 676 rodents were captured in 11 …
Some International Approaches To Rat Control, Walter E. Howard
Some International Approaches To Rat Control, Walter E. Howard
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
There are many basic requirements concerning the political structure, financial support needed, proper organization, staff training, public education, laws and regulations, and the keeping of good records, which must be adequately considered before a rat control program can become successful. Likewise, there are also a number of basic principles concerning rodent control that must be understood and adhered to. Some villages in Korea and the country of Kuwait will be used as examples of new rat control approaches.
Workshop-Discussion Session, Joesph M. Schaefer
Workshop-Discussion Session, Joesph M. Schaefer
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
The purpose of the workshop-discussion session was to establish a list of ideas that would provide the best focus and direction to improve wildlife damage control programs. During this session the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) (Delbecq et al. 1975) was used to: 1) identify and rank obstacles that limit the effectiveness of wildlife damage control efforts, and 2) generate possible solutions to the most important obstacles. This format allowed equal and full participation and was successful in generating many original ideas.
Behavioral Ecology Of Coyotes: Implications For Reducing Predator-Livestock Conflicts, William F. Andelt
Behavioral Ecology Of Coyotes: Implications For Reducing Predator-Livestock Conflicts, William F. Andelt
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
During the past 2 decades, numerous research projects have been conducted to gain a better understanding of coyote (Canis latrans) behavior and ecology which could be used to reduce livestock losses to predators. This paper synthesizes some of these investigations to provide some insight into methods of reducing livestock losses to coyotes.
Rodent Management On The Northern High Plains, Ardell J. Bjugstad
Rodent Management On The Northern High Plains, Ardell J. Bjugstad
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Rodent damage on the Northern High Plains has caused estimated economic losses of millions of dollars per year. The Columbian ground squirrel (Citellus columbianus) caused $800,000 damage in Montana during 1973, whereas prairie dogs (Cvnomvs ludovicianus) caused a loss of $2 million in South Dakota during 1980. Initial control of prairie dogs in South Dakota would cost approximately $1.2 million dollars and maintenance measures would be needed about every third to fifth year depending on percentage success of the initial control and management practices thereafter. Results of a cost-benefit study in South Dakota indicated that the annual maintenance control rate …
Urban/Suburban Squirrel Control In Private Residences, Donald J. Franke
Urban/Suburban Squirrel Control In Private Residences, Donald J. Franke
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) damage to roofs is becoming a major concern to homeowners especially with the steadily increasing construction of houses with wood shingles. Besides causing roof damage (rain leaks), electrical wires are often gnawed. The gray squirrel is finding excellent nesting area in attics and overhang voids.
A Decade Of Usda-Ars Predator Research, 1972-1982, Jeffrey S. Green
A Decade Of Usda-Ars Predator Research, 1972-1982, Jeffrey S. Green
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Federal government restrictions in 1972 on several widely-used forms of predator control stimulated research on alternative methods of reducing depredation on livestock. In the same year, the U.S. Department of Agriculture began predator research through the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and designed the U.S. Sheep Experiment Station CUSSES, near Dubois in southeastern Idaho as the principle location for the investigations. At the outset, the objective of ARS research was to examine non-lethal methods for reducing depredation, primarily by coyotes (Cants), on sheep. During the first several years, while predator research facilities were constructed at the USSES, ARS funds were primarily …
Wildlife Damage Control Problems And Concerns Of State Wildlife Agencies, F. Robert Henderson
Wildlife Damage Control Problems And Concerns Of State Wildlife Agencies, F. Robert Henderson
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Wildlife damage seems to be a greater concern today than 10 years ago. Controlling wildlife damage is a complex issue and the responsibility for its accomplishment has been given to diverse groups of private, local, county, state and federal entities. The types of programs vary from state to state, and often within a state several different programs are conducted by different agencies. It is the purpose of this paper to attempt to present information on the concerns of the state wildlife agencies regarding wildlife damage problems.
Rancher Use Of Compound 1080 Toxic Collars In New Mexico, Gary A. Littauer
Rancher Use Of Compound 1080 Toxic Collars In New Mexico, Gary A. Littauer
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Twenty-three ranchers were trained and certified to use Compound 1080 in toxic collars to control coyote ( Ca nts l a tran s predation on sheep during a 2-year experimental program conducted by the New Mexico Department of Agriculture. Fifteen ranchers employed a total of 330 collars in field use. Two used collars in preventive control schemes and success was unknown. Thirteen used collars in corrective control (i.e. predation was in progress); 6 had collared lambs attacked and killed by coyotes; 4 had 1 or more collars punctured by coyotes and in 1 case a bobcat; 3 solved specific coyote …
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference Summary And What Lies Ahead, James E. Miller
Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference Summary And What Lies Ahead, James E. Miller
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
I want to begin by expressing appreciation to Ed Jones, Mike King, Greg Yarrow, Pete Bromley, John Heisterberg, and others on the program committee for hosting and conducting this Sixth Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference. I also want to express our appreciation to the exhibitors, the National Animal Damage Control Association, and The Wildlife Society (TWS) for their support. I think those of you who are still here will join me in congratulating these people, organizations, and TWS for helping ensure a successful conference. As one of the people who perceived the need for this conference in the early 1950’s, …
The Microcomputer And Kansas Wildlife Damage Reports, Martin Ottenheimer
The Microcomputer And Kansas Wildlife Damage Reports, Martin Ottenheimer
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
When F. Robert Henderson, the Extension State Leader of Kansas' Wildlife Damage Control Program, asked me for assistance in setting up a microcomputer system that would enable him to organize and analyze wildlife damage reports, I was surprised. "Certainly," I thought, "it's not because I am a social anthropologist and in my travels around the world I deal with some pretty wild life" No, Bob knew about my work with microcomputers in Anthropology and since we have been friends for some years he also knew that I would talk with him about the problems in using microcomputers. He also knew …
Reducing Goat Losses To Predators: Past Vs. Present Producers In Texas, Jerry H. Scrivner
Reducing Goat Losses To Predators: Past Vs. Present Producers In Texas, Jerry H. Scrivner
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
The purpose of this study was to gather information regarding the application and economic implications of predator control and husbandry methods used by 104 past and 103 present Angora goat producers in Texas. Of 7 techniques [(1) predator control by ranchers, (2) support of private or government trappers, (3) night penning of livestock, (4) confinement or semi-confinement kidding, (5) extra checking on goats, (6) the use of guard dogs, and (7) the use of scare devices] ranchers use to reduce predation losses, present producers used significantly more techniques than did past producers. Also, present producers generally implemented each technique to …
Efficacy Evaluations Of Ultrasonic Rodent Repellent Devices, Stephen A. Shumake
Efficacy Evaluations Of Ultrasonic Rodent Repellent Devices, Stephen A. Shumake
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Efficacy tests involving the use of simulated field and field structures have been developed to assess repellency of commercial ultrasonic rodent repellent devices.
Use Of Aluminum Phosphide Fumigants For Burrowing Rodent Control, Carl Snider
Use Of Aluminum Phosphide Fumigants For Burrowing Rodent Control, Carl Snider
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
This article is to inform you about aluminum phosphide, a new burrowing rodent fumigant. The history of aluminum phosphide is long, dating back to the mid-1930'x, but the first aluminum phosphide preparation was not introduced into the United States until 1955. The traditional usage of phosphine throughout the USA has been in the grain and food industry in fumigating raw agricultural commodities, processed foods, animal feed, stored tobacco, and certain non-agricultural commodities. Aluminum phosphide was not approved in the U.S. for burrowing rodents until 1981.
Keynote Address, Robert J. Pool
Keynote Address, Robert J. Pool
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Most modern environmentalists during their formative years have had little actual contact with wildlife under natural conditions. Their wildlife philosophies have been developed via the mass media and from experiences with animals as pets or confined in zoos. In general, modern environmentalists are sincere, dedicated, idealistic and enthusiastic, but they often lack realism and are blessed with the innocence of naivete. The majority of people in the United States now exhibit strong affection for wild animals and are deeply concerned over any actions perceived as causing pain to individual animals. These attitudes towards wild animals will impact on future wildlife …
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Award Recipients
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Award Recipients
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Award Recipients
Occurrence And Behavior Of Wild Dogs In Newly Established Agricultural Areas, Philip S. Gipson
Occurrence And Behavior Of Wild Dogs In Newly Established Agricultural Areas, Philip S. Gipson
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
The 1976 Alaska State Legislature initiated a program to make substantial amounts of state land available for agricultural development. Approximately 150,000 acres (60,729 ha) were used for agriculture in Alaska during 1982. The state's goal is to have 500,000 acres (202,429 ha) in agricultural production by 1992. The largest agricultural development to date is the Delta Grain Project which opened approximately 60,000 acres (24,291 ha) of wilderness lands to barley production. Agricultural developments have far reaching impacts on native and feral wildlife. Wild dogs have responded positively to land clearing and the removal of wolves (Canis lupus) from newly settled …
Removing Rattlesnakes From Human Dwellings Using Glue Boards, James E. Knight
Removing Rattlesnakes From Human Dwellings Using Glue Boards, James E. Knight
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
A method using glue boards to remove rattlesnakes (Crotalus soo.) is being tested. Preliminary results of tests conducted in controlled situations indicate the method may be very effective. The glue boards are cardboard or plastic rectangles covered with a sticky material similar to fly-paper glue. The glue boards are tacked on anchored plywood approximately 24 x 16 x 1/4 inches (61 x 40.6 x 0.6 cm). The glue boards are arranged to form a minimum area of 12 x 6 inches (30.5 x 15.2 em). It is important to avoid attaching anything the snake can use for leverage that might …
The Use Of Ultralight Aircraft For Aerial Control Of Coyotes, James E. Knight
The Use Of Ultralight Aircraft For Aerial Control Of Coyotes, James E. Knight
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
The changing complexion of modern animal damage control, coupled with the lack of funding available to government, has created the need for innovative methods of conducting control programs. Ultralight aircraft are presently being tested to determine their effectiveness, efficiency and safety for aerial gunning coyotes.
Keeping Squirrels And Roof Rats Out Of Structures, Jonathan W. Linn
Keeping Squirrels And Roof Rats Out Of Structures, Jonathan W. Linn
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
component of any total pest control program. There are many species of rodents that enter buildings, usually for the purpose of shelter and/or food. They may enter in the fall to survive the winter weather, or in the spring to have a safe place to give birth to their young. Much has been written about rodent-proofing buildings to keep out both native and introduced rats and mice. This article will try and cover methods that can be used to keep out our native squirrels, which include the eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis), the western gray squirrel (Sciurus griseus), the eastern …
Population Reduction Of Richardson's Ground Squirrels Using A Brodifacoum Bait, George H. Matschke, Steve F. Baril, Raymond W. Blaskiewicz
Population Reduction Of Richardson's Ground Squirrels Using A Brodifacoum Bait, George H. Matschke, Steve F. Baril, Raymond W. Blaskiewicz
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
On 6 study plots (3 treated and 3 control of 2.47. acres--1 ha), we evaluated the efficacy of a 50 ppm brodifacoum grain bait on Richardson's ground squirrels (spermophilus richardsonii Efficacy was measured by 3 methods: (1) radio-telemetry - 22 ground squirrels were live trapped on each treated plot and equipped with radio transmitters, (2) mark-recapture - by mark-recapture sampling methods and the computer program entitled CAPTURE, and (3) Tanaka's formula - by using only marked survivors retrapped posttreatment. Treatment began the day following the pretreatment trapping period by systematically baiting each burrow entrance with approximately 16-19 g of bait. …
The Wildlife Society's Committee On Wildlife Damage Control, Terrell P. Salmon
The Wildlife Society's Committee On Wildlife Damage Control, Terrell P. Salmon
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
In 1982, the President of the Wildlife Society created a Committee to make recommendations on what the Society should do to be an attractive organization for wildlife professionals specializing in wildlife damage control. The Committee, composed of 7 professionals in wildlife damage control, made 13 recommendations to the Society. Which, if implemented will improve the Society's relationship with wildlife damage control professionals.
The Viability Of Rabies In Carrion, Joseph M. Schaefer
The Viability Of Rabies In Carrion, Joseph M. Schaefer
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
The viability of rabies virus in carrion is a major factor in affecting the chances that a scavenging animal could contact the disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the viability of rabies virus in brains and salivary glands of rabid striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis ) carcasses exposed to different controlled temperatures.
Current Events In Extension Wildlife Damage Control In The United States, James E. Miller
Current Events In Extension Wildlife Damage Control In The United States, James E. Miller
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
The Cooperative Extension Services (CES) within each state and territory of the United States and their federal partner, the Extension Service, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), have long recognized the need for, and responsibility of, providing educational programs in wildlife damage control to both rural and urban clientele. The system employed to implement these educational programs was established early in this century dating back to passage of the Smith-Lever Act in 1914. Through the years since that time, the strengths of this system have been the recognition of the need for a continuing spirit of cooperation with other federal …
Guardian Dog Research In The U.S., John C. Mcgrew
Guardian Dog Research In The U.S., John C. Mcgrew
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Research on the use and effectiveness of guardian dogs has been conducted since 1977 at 3 locations in the U.S.: the Livestock Dog Project (Amherst, MA), the U.S. Sheep Experiment Station (Dubois, ID), and Colorado State University (Ft. Collins). Their findings are quite consistent: dogs guard sheep and goats directly, i.e., they respond aggressively to predators, chasing them away when necessary, then returning to the flock. This aggressive response toward predators is apparently defense of personal space rather than territorial defense. The development of attentiveness toward sheep, beginning early in life, is probably the most important aspect of training a …
An Evaluation Of Burrow Destruction As A Ground Squirrel Control Method, Dennis C. Stroud
An Evaluation Of Burrow Destruction As A Ground Squirrel Control Method, Dennis C. Stroud
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Several researchers have suggested that the presence of burrows is a limiting factor for ground squirrel populations and that the destruction of these burrow systems can reduce the rate of reinvasion following control. However, no one has yet tested the potential value of burrow destruction as a control method.
Welcome, Fred D. Sobering
Welcome, Fred D. Sobering
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
It's a real pleasure to welcome you to Kansas and to this Sixth Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop. The Wildlife Resources Committee of the Great Plains Agricultural Council has always been one of the more active and productive committees of this Council.
Rodent Populations And Crop Damage In Minimum Tillage Corn Fields, Richard E. Young, William R. Clark
Rodent Populations And Crop Damage In Minimum Tillage Corn Fields, Richard E. Young, William R. Clark
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
No-till and disked cornfields were examined in southwest Iowa to determine small mammal population densities, movements, and impacts of rodent depredations on corn seedlings. Two replicates of the treatments corn planted into. corn stubble, corn planted into chemically treated sod, and corn planted into spring-disked fields were studied during the 1982 and 1983 growing seasons. Grids of 100 Sherman live traps were established at the edge and middle of each field to determine rodent densities and document possible encroachment of small mammals from nearby habitats. Trapping experiments were conducted for 6 consecutive days during May, August, and November. To assess …