Environmental Sciences Commons^™

Instrumentation And Development Of Techniques To Measure And Evaluate Meteorological Parameters Important To Hydrology, Duane G. Chadwick

Reports

Hydro-meteorological instrumentation concepts are discussed. The necessity for an economic and reliable telemetering system is recognized and ways are shown how to achieve this objective. Particular discussion is given on total-precipitation and water-content-of-snow sensing. A method is also presented showing how to make isohyetal plots of telemetered precipitation information on an x-y plotter by use of a resistance paper method in conjunction with an analog computer.

Preliminary Indicators Of Income/Wealth Redistribution Associated With Bureau Of Reclamation Projects, Reed Willis, Allen Lebaron, Herbert Fullerton

Reports

Social well-being is an accepted subset of water investment feasibility criteria. Our attempt is to isolate income redistribution impacts conferred by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation projects. Four project sites have been utilized to yield both pre and post project estimates of farm income and wealth. Production functions of the Cobb-Douglas type were estimated to yield information about factor shares, and thus enable inferences to be made about distribution of total product. Lorenz curves were developed to show changes in distribution of wealth and net income in terms of family enterprise, per acre, and per irrigated acre. Listing of individual …

Hydrologic Inventory Of The Weber River Study Unit, Frank W. Haws, Roland W. Jeppson, A. Leon Huber

Reports

The 1963 Utah State Legislature authorized the Utah Water and Power Board (now the Utah Division of Water Resources) to develop a state water plan in order to give coordination and direction to the activities of all state and federal agencies concerned with Utah's water resources. To facilitate the development of this plan, a proposal was submitted through the State Planning Coordinator in the Governor's Office to the Urban Renewal Administration of the Housing and Home Finance Agency. Funding was approved effective May 19, 1966, under the Urban Planning Assistance Program authorized by Section 701 of the Housing Act of …

Evaluation Of Molting Areas Of Great Basin Canada Geese, Paul D. Arneson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Environmental factors at Neponset and Woodruff Narrows reservoirs were evaluated to determine their effects on molting Canada geese. More geese utilized Woodruff Narrows. Geese apparently favored the larger expanse of open water and adequate food supply.

Most of the molting geese were from the Bear River drainage. Some geese came from scattered areas in Utah, Idaho, Wyoming, and Montana. After molting, the geese flew to migration staging areas in southeastern Idaho before migrating to wintering areas in southern California and Arizona.

Females outnumbered males by 6 percent. The mean annual mortality rate for adult geese was 42 percent. Recovery rates …

The Ontogeny Of Social Behavior Of Uinta Ground Squirrels, D. Andrew Saunders

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The social behavior of juvenile Uinta ground squirrels (Spermophilus armatus) was studied for 2 1/2 years in northeastern Utah. The purpose of the study was to describe the developing social behavior of unconfined, marked squirrels. Their behavior was recorded with motion pictures and written descriptions from the time they emerged from the natal burrow until they entered hibernation.

Three phases of behavioral development were apparent. The first phase began when the juveniles appeared above ground and ended 5 weeks later. This was a period of socialization and consisted of behavioral patterns best described as play. The second phase …

Drift Of Oligophlebodes Sigma And Baetis Bicaudatus In A Mountain Stream, William Dean Pearson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objective of this study was to clarify the relationships between drift rates, population density, production rates, key environmental factors, and movements of adults within two populations of stream insects (a caddisfly--Oligophlebodes sigma and a mayfly--Baetis bicaudatus).

Samples of benthic invertebrates (424 total) were collected every 28 days at four stations on Temple Fork of the Logan River, Utah, from October, 1967 to September, 1969. Samples of drift invertebrates (181 total) were collected every 14 days at three stations on Temple Fork during the same period. During summer months (June-September) a day and a night drift sample …

Closed Conduit To Open Channel Usu Stilling Basin, Gordon H. Flammer, Gaylord V. Skogerboe, Chi-Yuan Wei, Hameed Rasheed

Reports

Criterion have been developed for designing a stilling basin to serve as a transition from closed conduit flow to open channel flow for a fully submerged pipe outlet. The unique feature of the stilling basin is the short-pipe energy dissipater so located and designed as to provide maximum energy dissipation for the basin configuration. The expanding characteristics of a submerged jet were used in establishing the length of the stilling basin. The unsteadiness of the water surface and the relative boil height in the model basin were used as the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of the structure for energy …

Hydrologic Inventory Of The Uintah Study Unit, Lloyd H. Austin, Gaylord V. Skogerboe

Reports

The 1963 Utah State Legislature authorized the Utah Water and Power Board (now the Utah Division of Water Resources) to develop a state water plan in order to give coordination and direction to the activities of all state and federal agencies concerned with Utah's water resources. To facilitate the development of this plan, a proposal was submitted through the State Planning Coordinator in the Governor's Office to the Urban Renewal Administration of the Housing and Home Finance Agency. Funding was approved effective May 19, 1966, under the Urban Planning Assistance Program authorized by Section 701 of the Housing Act of …

Bear River Investigations: Idaho, Utah, Wyoming: Summary Of Status Report, June 1970, Bureau Of Reclamation; United States

Elusive Documents

No abstract provided.

Microbiological Specialists' Meeting New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico April 3-4, 1970, U.S. International Biological Program

Meetings

No abstract provided.

The Baker Ranch: Glen Canyon National Recreation Area: A History, Lenard E. Brown

Elusive Documents

No abstract provided.

Environmental Assessment Inventory And Quality Rating: Summary Report, Utah Division Of Water Resources

Elusive Documents

No abstract provided.

Determination Of Hydraulic Conductivity--Capillary Pressure Relationship From Saturation--Capillary Pressure Data From Soils, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Computer Simulation Of The Hydrologic-Salinity Flow System Within The Upper Colorado River Basin, M. Leon Hyatt, J. Paul Riley, M. Lynn Mckee, Eugene K. Israelsen

Reports

Changes in the hydrologic equilibrium of a river basin resulting from resource development also produce changes in the quality pattern. Since the burden of quality maintenance must be shared by users (just as are quantities) predictions are needed for quality changes which might result from contemplated development at any specified location within the river system. This study reports the development of a computer simulation model of the water and salt flow systems within the Upper Colorado River basin. Because of the close relationship between the hydrologic and salinity flow systems, an understanding of the hydrologic system is essential to successful …

A Thermodynamic Analysis Of A Primary Waste Stabilization Pond, David W. Hendricks

Reports

Traditional design practice for waste stabilization ponds is based upon the premise that sufficient photosynthetic oxygen must be produced within the pond to satisfy oxygen requirements of the incoming waste flow. Thus, because algae production is proportional to pond surface area, surface organic loading rate is a principal design criterion (hydraulic detention time is the other) . That a possible adverse energy trade exists in the sequence of coupled reactions (aerobic waste degradation-photosynthesis) has been largely ignored. This work is focused on quantitatively articulating this energy trade, in terms of algae produced vis a vis waste degraded. This is done …

A Theoretical Study Of Infiltration Into Range And Forest Soils, Joel E. Fletcher, Yehia Z. El-Shafei

Reports

More than 400 rainfall simulator experiments were examined to detect which soil properties could be used to computer infiltration time relationships. Three theoretical equations were tested to determine their efficacy for calculating infiltration time relationships from soil and site characteristics. It was shown that both the modified Green and Ampt and Fletcher equations could by successfully used. Darcian type equations were developed on laboratory type samples which would show the relations between soil, solution and rainfall properties and infiltration. These latter equations have not been tested on undisturbed soils but give excellent agreement between measured and computed values for time …

Hydrograph Synthesis For Watershed Subzones From Measured Urban Parameters, Joseph B. Evelyn, V. V. Dhruva Narayana, J. Paul Riley, Eugene K. Israelsen

Reports

An analog computer program was developed to simulate the outflow hydrographs at four locations within the 38th Street Waller Creek urban watershed at Austin, Texas. Actual outflow was gaged at the final outlet of the watershed. This provided a checkpoint for comparing the simulated and observed final outflow hydrographs. The outflow hydrographs for each subzone were obtained by chronologically abstracting interception, infiltration, and depression storage from their precipitation hyetographs. These outflow hydrographs were then routed through Waller Creek channel to obtain the hydrographs at the four desired locations. The advantages of this model are the flexibility in varying the precipitation …

Solution To Transient Vertical Moisture Movement Based Upon Saturation--Capillary Pressure Data And Modified Burdine Theory, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

Using finite differences and the Crank-Nicholson implicit scheme for solving parabolic type partial differential equations, a computer program has been developed for solving the one-dimensional, vertical movement of water in soils. The formulation of the initial boundary value problem is obtained by introducing a new dependent variable through the Kirchoff transformation to replace the hydraulic head. Data relating saturation (or moisture content) to the capillary pressure in the soil are used to define the hydraulilc properties of the soil which are needed in order to obtain a solution. The Burdine Theory has been implemented in the program to obtain the …

Transient Flow Of Water From Infiltrometers--Formulation Of Mathematical Model And Preliminary Numerical Solutions And Analyses Of Results, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

The partial differential equation initial-boundary value problems which describe the three-dimensional axisymmetric flow of water from an infiltrometer through partially saturated soil are solved by finite differences using the alternating direction implicit method. Pertinent features which describe the flow characteristics obtained from 34 solutions for varying initial conditions and for 12 soil types are summarized in tables and figures. Relationships between such features as depth of penetration and lateral movement of the wetting front and rate of application and initial hydraulic head or tension in the soil are developed for several of these soils types from analyses of the results.

Subcritical Flow At Open Channel Structures Open Channel Expansions, Lloyd H. Austin, Gaylord V. Skogerboe, Ray S. Bennett

Reports

Analyzing the hydraulics of open channel constrictions has been modified to allow the analysis of energy loss in open channel expansions. The modified technique has been compared with previous methods of analysis using data collected in the laboratory on open channel expansions with vertical walls, and triangular-shaped baffles. Also, a design procedure for such baffled outlet structures has been developed.

Water Management Research In Arid And Sub-Humid Lands Of The Less Developed Countries: Second Annual Progress Report, Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

No abstract provided.

Computer Simulation Of Water Resource Systems At Utah State University, J. Paul Riley

Reports

Introduction: The problems of managing water-resource systems are basically those of decision making based upon a consideration of the physical, economic, and sociological processes involved. These processes are strongly interrelated and constitute a dynamic and continuous system. Any combination of these interrelated and numerous system variables yields a management solution. At Utah State University the problem of investigating system response to various possible management alternatives is being approached by hybrid computer simulation. The concept of simulation is fundamentally simple. Basically, it is a technique of analysis whereby a model is developed for investigating the behavior or performance of a dynamic …

An Examination Of Approximately Simultaneous Salt Lake Valley And Cache Valley Clearing (Ventilation) Indexes, George W. Reynolds, William Mcneill, Floyd Johnson, Janet Cleary

Reports

The Clearing Index is a numerical estimate of the contamination dispersal capability of the atmosphere. Between July, 1969, and June, 1970, 192 rawinsonde flights were made in the Cache Valley at approximately the same time as officially scheduled flights at the Salt Lake City Weather Bureau Airport Station. Clearing Indexes were computed from various combinations of Salt Lake Valley and Cache Valley rawinsonde and maximum surface temperature data. These were examined from the viewpoint of recommending a standard procedure for providing Clearing Indexes on a daily basis for Intermountain valleys. The primary conclusions were that: 1. Actual Salt Lake Valley …

Statistical Relationships Between Storm And Urban Watershed Characteristics, V. V. Dhruva Narayana, M. Akbar Sial, J. Paul Riley, Eugene K. Israelsen

Reports

Because of the rapid urban development in recent years, hydrologic problems associated with urban watersheds have gained importance. Large sums of money are being spent for the design of urban drainage systems based upon inadequate procedures for predicting peak runoff rates. In this report a procedure is proposed for predicting peak runoff rates from small urban and rural watersheds based upon measurable storm and watersheds characteristics. The technique was tested for a number of runoff events on the Boneyard Creek watershed at Urbana, Illinois, and the results of this test are included. The procedure will be particularly useful for estimating …

Optimizing Conjunctive Use Of Groundwater And Surface Water, James H. Milligan, Calvin G. Clyde

Reports

Mathematical models for groundwater and surface-water systems are formulated and solved on a digital computer using linear programming for optimizing the water use of the system. Post-optimal analysis, including sensitivity analysis of the objective function coefficients and right-hand side terms, is also applied to the models. The models which are developed include a general deterministic model, a general stochastic model in which hydrologic inputs are allowed to be probabilistic, and models of two simple, but real, river basins. The advantages of linear programming analysis are demonstrated by the computer solutions which can be obtained by this method of optimization. The …

Aquatic Specialists' Meeting Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho September 9-10, 1970, U.S. International Biological Program

Meetings

No abstract provided.

Abiotic Specialists' Meeting Tucson, Arizona March 6-7, 1970, U.S. International Biological Program

Meetings

No abstract provided.

Plant Observations In Validation Studies, David W. Goodall

Memorandum

No abstract provided.

Attendance Report: Small Mammal Workshop, Clive D. Jorgensen

Memorandum

No abstract provided.

Us/Ibp Analysis Of Ecosystems Newsletter No.1-6, Us/Ibp

Progress reports

No abstract provided.