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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Environmental Sciences
A Citizen-Science Approach For Urban Flood Risk Analysis Using Data Science And Machine Learning, Candace Agonafir
A Citizen-Science Approach For Urban Flood Risk Analysis Using Data Science And Machine Learning, Candace Agonafir
Dissertations and Theses
Street flooding is problematic in urban areas, where impervious surfaces, such as concrete, brick, and asphalt prevail, impeding the infiltration of water into the ground. During rain events, water ponds and rise to levels that cause considerable economic damage and physical harm. The main goal of this dissertation is to develop novel approaches toward the comprehension of urban flood risk using data science techniques on crowd-sourced data. This is accomplished by developing a series of data-driven models to identify flood factors of significance and localized areas of flood vulnerability in New York City (NYC). First, the infrastructural (catch basin clogs, …
Analysis Of Uncertainty In Hydrometeorological Ensemble Forecasts, Carolien N. Mossel
Analysis Of Uncertainty In Hydrometeorological Ensemble Forecasts, Carolien N. Mossel
Dissertations and Theses
Ensemble hydrometeorological forecasting has great potential for improving flood predictions and use in water management systems, however, the amount of data used and created with an ensemble forecast requires a careful and intentional approach to understand how useful and skillful the forecast is. The NOAA National Water Model (NWM) was run using downscaled NOAA Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS) meteorological forcings for the 2016-2017 wet season (October-March) in California to create an 11-member hydrologic forecast ensemble. To evaluate the performance of these ensemble forecasts, we chose to study streamflow sites within Sonoma County, California, a rain-dominated region which includes the …
Understanding The Effect Of Climate And Hydrometeorological Extremes On Natural And Human-Induced Hydrosystems, Jeongwoo Hwang
Understanding The Effect Of Climate And Hydrometeorological Extremes On Natural And Human-Induced Hydrosystems, Jeongwoo Hwang
Dissertations and Theses
The contemporary hydrosystems of the United States involve a complex combination of natural and modified basins in the presence of changing climate and anthropogenic impacts. An enhanced understanding of the interdependence between climate forcings, human-induced interventions, and water balance in both natural and modified basins are essential for developing reliable and resilient hydrosystems and for better water resources management. In response, this dissertation focuses on investigating the hydroclimatology of natural and modified basins across the contiguous United States. It has three research objectives: (1) to explain flow alterations due to anthropogenic activities, especially dam operations, in modified basins and understand …
Hydroclimate Drivers And Atmospheric Dynamics Of Floods, Nasser Najibi
Hydroclimate Drivers And Atmospheric Dynamics Of Floods, Nasser Najibi
Dissertations and Theses
Our preliminary survey showed that most of the recent flood-related studies did not formally explain the physical mechanisms of long-duration and large-peak flood events that can evoke substantial damages to properties and infrastructure systems. These studies also fell short of fully assessing the interactions of coupled ocean-atmosphere and land dynamics which are capable of forcing substantial changes to the flood attributes by governing the exceeding surface flow regimes and moisture source-sink relationships at the spatiotemporal scales important for risk management. This dissertation advances the understanding of the variability in flood duration, peak, volume, and timing at the regional to the …
Bathymetric Survey For Lakes Azuei And Enriquillo, Hispaniola, Michael Piasecki, Mahrokh Moknatian, Fred Moshary, Joseph Cleto, Yolanda Leon, Jorge Gonzalez, Daniel Comarazamy
Bathymetric Survey For Lakes Azuei And Enriquillo, Hispaniola, Michael Piasecki, Mahrokh Moknatian, Fred Moshary, Joseph Cleto, Yolanda Leon, Jorge Gonzalez, Daniel Comarazamy
Publications and Research
The two largest lakes on the Caribbean Island of Hispaniola, Lake Azuei in Haiti and Lake Enriquillo in the Dominican Republic, have experienced dramatic growth and surface area expansion over the past few years leading to severe flooding and loss of arable land around the lake perimeters. In order to better understand the reasons for this unprecedented rate of expansion and the resulting consequences a multi-disciplinary team comprised of researchers from Haiti, the DR, and the US have embarked on an extensive data collecting and hydrologic and climatological modeling campaign. While the sensor deployment entails stations that measure climatological data …
Integrated Hydrologic Land Surface State Climate Indicators, Brian Lamb
Integrated Hydrologic Land Surface State Climate Indicators, Brian Lamb
Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
Intra- And Inter-Seasonal Variability Of Supra-Glacial 1 Streams And Lakes Over The West Greenland Ice Sheet 2 From High-Resolution Satellite Optical Data, Michael Gregory Brown
Intra- And Inter-Seasonal Variability Of Supra-Glacial 1 Streams And Lakes Over The West Greenland Ice Sheet 2 From High-Resolution Satellite Optical Data, Michael Gregory Brown
Dissertations and Theses
The Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) is one of the largest glacial ice masses on Earth, second only to the Antarctic ice sheet. The surface hydrology of the GrIS plays a crucial role on the surface energy and mass balance budgets of the ice sheet as a whole. Surface water, known as supra-glacial water, is seasonally found in the ablation zone and feeds the en-glacial and sub-glacial hydrological environments of the ice sheet. The spatial distribution of surface streams is poorly understood and their temporal variability is (to our knowledge) unknown. One of the reasons for the lack of knowledge on …
Hydrological Impacts Of Climate Change – Challenges, Uncertainty And Limitations, Shreedhar Maskey, Yurong Hu, Anshul Agarwal, Dinesh Bhatt
Hydrological Impacts Of Climate Change – Challenges, Uncertainty And Limitations, Shreedhar Maskey, Yurong Hu, Anshul Agarwal, Dinesh Bhatt
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
How climate change impacts water resources in the future is an important question that all hydrologists want to have an answer. Climate prediction scenarios are available from many Global Circulation Models for the 21st century. These prediction datasets are typically used as input to a hydrological model for simulating impacts on hydrology, particularly river runoff, evaporation, and storage changes. Because hydrological models are usually run on a much smaller resolutions than climate models, the climate prediction datasets are usually downscaled to represent local climate for using in a hydrological model. The uncertainty in the GCMs, downscaling and hydrological models makes …
Interactive Web-Based Flood Simulation System As An Education Platform For Hydrological Concepts, Ibrahim Demir
Interactive Web-Based Flood Simulation System As An Education Platform For Hydrological Concepts, Ibrahim Demir
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Recent developments in web technologies make it easy to manage and visualize large data sets with general public. Novel visualization techniques and dynamic user interfaces allow users to create realistic environments, and interact with data to gain insight from simulations and environmental observations. The floodplain simulation system is a web-based 3D interactive flood simulation environment to create real world flooding scenarios. The simulation systems provides a visually striking platform with realistic terrain information, and water simulation. Students can create and modify predefined scenarios, control environmental parameters, and evaluate flood mitigation techniques. The web-based simulation system provides an environment for students …
Towards A Decision Support System For Flood Management In A River Basin, Luis Vieira, Jose Pinho, Dirk Schwanenberg
Towards A Decision Support System For Flood Management In A River Basin, Luis Vieira, Jose Pinho, Dirk Schwanenberg
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
The world is experiencing a countless number of impressive and devastating floods causing a range of health impacts and risks with hundreds of thousands of people losing their lives or becoming homeless in a matter of hours. EU Floods Directive requires the developing of flood hazard maps, which may include information on hydrological and hydrodynamics characteristics of vulnerable regions, i.e. inundated areas and river flow discharges. Prediction of flood events can accurately be achieved by applying mathematical modelling for describing rainfall-runoff phenomena as well as surface waters hydrodynamics. Moreover, reservoirs can be properly operated in order to minimize flood events …
Drihm - An Infrastructure To Advance Hydro-Meteorological Research, Bert Jagers, Antonio Parodi, Michael Schiffers, Nils Otto Vor Dem Gentschen Felde, Christian Straube, Andrea Clematis, Daniele D'Agostino, Quillon Harpham
Drihm - An Infrastructure To Advance Hydro-Meteorological Research, Bert Jagers, Antonio Parodi, Michael Schiffers, Nils Otto Vor Dem Gentschen Felde, Christian Straube, Andrea Clematis, Daniele D'Agostino, Quillon Harpham
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
One of the main challenges in hydro-meteorological research (HMR) is predicting the impact of weather and climate changes on the environment, society and economy, including local severe hazards such as floods and landslides. At the heart of this challenge lies the ability to have easy access to hydro-meteorological data and models, and facilitate the collaboration across discipline boundaries. Within the DRIHM project (Distributed Research Infrastructure for Hydro-Meteorology, www.drihm.eu, EC funded FP7 project 2011-2015) we develop a prototype e-Science environment to facilitate this collaboration and provide end-to-end HMR services (models, datasets, and post-processing tools) at the European level, with the ability …
Induction Of Governing Differential Equations From Hydrologic Time Series Data Using Genetic Programming, Jayashree Chadalawada, Vladan Babovic
Induction Of Governing Differential Equations From Hydrologic Time Series Data Using Genetic Programming, Jayashree Chadalawada, Vladan Babovic
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Induction of Governing Differential Equations from Hydrologic Time Series Data using Genetic Programming Jayashree Chadalawada and Vladan Babovic This contribution describes an evolutionary method for identifying causal model from the observed time-series data. In the present case, we use a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) as the causal model. Usefulness of the approach is demonstrated on real-world time series of hydrologic processes and the unknown function of governing factors are determined. To explore the evolutionary search space more effectively, the right hand sides of ODEs are inferred by genetic programming (GP). The importance of different fitness criteria, as well …
Groundwater Flow Across Spatial Scales: Importance For Climate Modeling, Nir Krakauer, Haibin Li, Ying Fan
Groundwater Flow Across Spatial Scales: Importance For Climate Modeling, Nir Krakauer, Haibin Li, Ying Fan
Publications and Research
Current regional and global climate models generally do not represent groundwater flow between grid cells as a component of the water budget. We estimate the magnitude of between cell groundwater flow as a function of grid cell size by aggregating results from a numerical model of equilibrium groundwater flow run and validated globally. We find that over a broad range of cell sizes spanning that of state of the art regional and global climate models, mean between cell groundwater flow magnitudes scale with the reciprocal of grid cell length. We also derive this scaling a priori from a simple statistical …