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Full-Text Articles in Earth Sciences
Bioluminescence In Melosira Varians Ag., George Claus
Bioluminescence In Melosira Varians Ag., George Claus
International Journal of Speleology
Bluish green bioluminescence in a diatom, Melosira varians Ag. growing in an abandoned tin mine in Cornwall was observed. Upon microscopic examination the chloroplasts of the algae were found to be very pale but no other feature was seen which could be correlated with the luminescence.
Quartzite Karst In Southeastern Venezuela, William B. White, Gene L. Jefferson, Jon F. Haman
Quartzite Karst In Southeastern Venezuela, William B. White, Gene L. Jefferson, Jon F. Haman
International Journal of Speleology
Minor weathering forms on the Roraima Quartzite in the Carrao River Basin of Southeastern Venezuela have the appearance of the karren that form on limestone surfaces in karst terrains. Climatological and chemical evidence indicates that these forms were generated by a solutional mechanism and that this area thus exhibits a minor karst topography on quartzite.
Mise En Evidence De Substances Fluorescentes Dans Les Organes Jaunes De Caccosphaeroma Burgundum Dollfus, Crustacé Isopode Des Eaux Souterraines, H. Descimon, C. Marvillet
Mise En Evidence De Substances Fluorescentes Dans Les Organes Jaunes De Caccosphaeroma Burgundum Dollfus, Crustacé Isopode Des Eaux Souterraines, H. Descimon, C. Marvillet
International Journal of Speleology
Chromatographic analysis of the yellow organs of the fresh-water Isopod Crustacean Caecosphaeroma burgundum Dollfus revealed, through observation of the chromatograms in ultraviolet light, the occurrence of both absorbing and fluorescent substances. Among the latter, only isoxanthopterin has been identified. The yellow pigment, which probably has a pteridine nucleus, could not be identified as a known compound and will be the object of later investigations.
Die Lampen-Moosflora Der Beatushöhle Und Deren Vergleich Mit Anderen Europäisehen Höhlen, R. Bernasconi
Die Lampen-Moosflora Der Beatushöhle Und Deren Vergleich Mit Anderen Europäisehen Höhlen, R. Bernasconi
International Journal of Speleology
The Bryological flora on the lamps of the St- Beatus Höhle is analysed. A statistic comparison of lampenflora from other 18 European caves shows the composition and the type of this flora is related to the humidity and to the difference in substratum. Ten species can be referred to as typical flora of show caves.
Deux Nouveaux Halacariens D'Israël - Limnohalacarus Capernaumi N. Sp. Et Lohmannela Heptapegoni N. Sp., Anelya Petrova
Deux Nouveaux Halacariens D'Israël - Limnohalacarus Capernaumi N. Sp. Et Lohmannela Heptapegoni N. Sp., Anelya Petrova
International Journal of Speleology
Two new species of Halacarinae of a thermal slightly brackish spring near the Tiberiade lake in Israel are reported. Limnohalacaras capernaumi n. sp. has certain characteristics typical of other species of the Genus, but is clearly distinguished by proper elements. Lohmannell heptapegoni n. sp. resembles Lohmannella stammeri Viets, of which it is distinguished by the structure of the dorsal plates, the palp and the morphology of the genital apparatus.
Underground Solution Canyons In The Central Kentucky Karst, U.S.A., Richard A. Watson
Underground Solution Canyons In The Central Kentucky Karst, U.S.A., Richard A. Watson
International Journal of Speleology
Solution canyons are underground voids 1 to 15 + meters wide, 3 to 45 + meters high, and 30 to 300 + meters long. Floors are stepped, ceilings level. Size increases downstream. Their course is sinuous, with some angularity. They occur parallel to and directly under or slightly offset from the thalwegs of re-entrant valleys tributary to major karst valleys. A section across a re-entrant and underlying solution canyon shows a rough hour-glass shape. Solution canyons are related genetically to solutional vertical shafts, forming where removal of the impermeable sandstone caprock permits the vertical descent of water through jointed limestone. …
Further Investigations Into Bacterial And Algal Populations Of Caves In South Wales, M. Ann Mason-Williams
Further Investigations Into Bacterial And Algal Populations Of Caves In South Wales, M. Ann Mason-Williams
International Journal of Speleology
Some physical data collected over a period of a year in seven locations of the Ogof Ffynnon Ddu cave system in South Wales are reported, including humidity, air and water temperature, pH of the water, as well as the organic oxygen demand of the water. It is shown that seasonal variations in the physical constant in this particular cave system are not well marked. Algae and bacteria were isolated from the soil samples and from calcareous deposits. A total of 30 algal species, of which 13 belong to the Cyanophyta, 22 to the Chlorophyta, and 7 to the …
Summary Of Results Obtained During A Preliminary Investigation Into The Bacterial And Botanical Flora Of Caves In South Wales, M. Ann Mason-Williams, Kathryn Benson-Evans
Summary Of Results Obtained During A Preliminary Investigation Into The Bacterial And Botanical Flora Of Caves In South Wales, M. Ann Mason-Williams, Kathryn Benson-Evans
International Journal of Speleology
The results of an investigation into the bacterial and botanical flora of South Welsh caves are presented in tabular form. Bacterial counts and species isolated from the caves both from soil and water samples as well as from the air, also the macroscopic plants found in the photic zone are enumerated.
A Psychrophilic Yeast From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, David Brashear, Ralph F. Wiseman, Thomas C. Barr Jr.
A Psychrophilic Yeast From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, David Brashear, Ralph F. Wiseman, Thomas C. Barr Jr.
International Journal of Speleology
Samples collected in Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, revealed the presence of a psychrophilic yeast, tentatively identified as a strain of Candida albicans. The yeast is saprophytic on dead animal tissues and exhibits a pale yellow colour when growing in the cave. In vitro, the yeast grows poorly at 37°C. and well at 130 and 200, but loses its pigmentation. It is non-pathogenic in rabbits but appears to show low-grade parasitism in frogs.
Neobisium (Roncobisium) Allodentatum N. Sg., N. Sp. De Pseudoscorpion Neobisiidae (Arachnides) Habitant Une Caverne Du Département De Saône-Et-Loire, France, Max Vachon
International Journal of Speleology
Neobisium (Roncobisium) allodentatum, a species inhabiting a cave in Saone-et-Loire, France, belongs to a new subgenus of Neobisium of which the essential characters are the possession of accessory teeth on the chelae (fig. 14) and a relative position of trichobothria eb and esb (fig. 8) recalling that of the species of Roncus. A determination key fixes the position of this new subgenus with respect to the four other known subgenera of Neobisium.
Die Ökologische Stellung Der Höhlen-Und Spaltengewässer Innerhalb Der Subterranaquatilen Lebensbereiche, Siegfried Husmann
Die Ökologische Stellung Der Höhlen-Und Spaltengewässer Innerhalb Der Subterranaquatilen Lebensbereiche, Siegfried Husmann
International Journal of Speleology
Bodies of waters in caves and in crevices of rocks are distinguished from the other subsoil water ecosystems (“eustygon”, “stygorhithron”, “stygopotamon”) under the names “troglostygon” and “petrostygon”. The colonisation of subsoil water biotopes involves a fundamental principle which controls the development of the main biotopes for the stygobiont undergroundwater organisms. According to this ecological rule, which is described in detail and formulated, the several interstitial biotopes (for example “eustygopsammal,” “rhithrostygopsammal,” “potamostygopsephal”) are to be considered as the real biotopes of the stygobiont subsoil water organisms; waters in caves, on the contrary, are secondary biotopes of these animals. Caves which contain …
Algal Growth Experiments In The Baradla Cave At Aggtelek (Biospeleologica Hungarica Xxi), Erzsebet Kol
Algal Growth Experiments In The Baradla Cave At Aggtelek (Biospeleologica Hungarica Xxi), Erzsebet Kol
International Journal of Speleology
The author kept 108 algal strains (Cyanophyta 53, Chlorophyta 35, Chrysophyta 20), of axenic cultures from the Kol-Algotheca in the Botanical Division of the Hungarian National Sciences Museum in the Baradla Cave, at Aggletek (Hungary) in darkness for 204-420 days under different environmental conditions. The experiments have proven that several algal strains can tolerate well the complete absence of light. Furthermore, that some algal strains show intensive development even under such conditions. These axenic cultures kept in the cave in metal boxes on inorganic medium have shown that the energy source used by these green coloured algae is not …
Répartition Géographique Et Validité De L'Espéce Troglobie Asellus Lusitanicus Frade (Crustacé Asellote), Guy Magniez
Répartition Géographique Et Validité De L'Espéce Troglobie Asellus Lusitanicus Frade (Crustacé Asellote), Guy Magniez
International Journal of Speleology
The troglobitic Asellid Asellus lusitanicus Frade (1938) is now known from three caves of the Serra de Aire (Central Portugal). It seems to be a good eyeless species of the “coxalis” group.
Les Mycetophilidae (Diptères) Cavernicoles De La Collection Biospeologica (IvE-ViiiE Séries Des «Grottes Visitées»), Anca Burghele-Balacesco
Les Mycetophilidae (Diptères) Cavernicoles De La Collection Biospeologica (IvE-ViiiE Séries Des «Grottes Visitées»), Anca Burghele-Balacesco
International Journal of Speleology
Study of the Mycetophilidae of the Biospeologica collection (Series IV to VIII of “Grottes visitées” was the objective of the present study. Thirty species have been identified, including Exechia peyerimhoffi n. sp. and Rhymosia pseudocretensis n. sp. The cave fauna contains several rare species - Exechia pollicata Edw., E. unguiculata Lundst., and Rhymosia cretensis Lundst. The ovipositors of Exechia coremura Edw. and E. landrocki Lundst. are figured for the first time.
Sur La Faculté D'Absorption De Substances Colorées Par La Cuticule De Caecosphaeroma Burgundum Dollfus, Crustacé Isopode Des Eaux Souterraines, François Graf, Claude Marvillet
Sur La Faculté D'Absorption De Substances Colorées Par La Cuticule De Caecosphaeroma Burgundum Dollfus, Crustacé Isopode Des Eaux Souterraines, François Graf, Claude Marvillet
International Journal of Speleology
The discovery, in certain subterranean waters, of “pigmented,” brown or black Caecosphaeroma burgundum, led to the systematic study of the action of pigmented substances on these crustaceans. The results of these experiments demonstrate that the colorations thus obtained or observed in nature are due to the agglutination of coloured substances on the surface of the carapace and, in certain cases, to an impregnation of the cuticle itself.
Documents Pour Servir À La Connaissance De La Laune De Mammifères Des Grottes Du Banat (Roumanie), Alexandrina Negrea, Lazare Botosaneanu, Stefan Negrea
Documents Pour Servir À La Connaissance De La Laune De Mammifères Des Grottes Du Banat (Roumanie), Alexandrina Negrea, Lazare Botosaneanu, Stefan Negrea
International Journal of Speleology
The authors assembled from about 70 caves a rich collection of osteological material and specimens of living or fossil mammals. A list of the caves is given with an enumeration of the identified species for each cave. Under each species the caves which supplied the material are listed. This is followed by an inventory of the osteological material and by observations on the living animals (especially bats). Fifty-three mammal species (fossil and living) were accurately determined (14 carnivores, 6 artiodactyls, 1 lagomorph, 10 rodents, 3 insectivores, and 19 bats).
A New Species Of Gomphonema (Bacillariophyta) From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, Sam L. Van Landingham
A New Species Of Gomphonema (Bacillariophyta) From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, Sam L. Van Landingham
International Journal of Speleology
In some materials collected from Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, a diatom was found which could not be identified with any known species. A taxonomic description of Gomphonema hotchkissii nov. spec. is given.
Analyse Du Comportement Alimentaire Du Poisson Cavernicole Aveugle Anoptichthys Gen. Et D'Hybrides F1 (Astyanax X Anoptichthys) Et F2, Georges Thines, Monique Soffie, Erik Vandenbussche
Analyse Du Comportement Alimentaire Du Poisson Cavernicole Aveugle Anoptichthys Gen. Et D'Hybrides F1 (Astyanax X Anoptichthys) Et F2, Georges Thines, Monique Soffie, Erik Vandenbussche
International Journal of Speleology
The feeding behaviour of the blind cave fish Anoptichthys is characterised by two phases, an initial short chemioreceptic one and second one in which the fish explores the bottom systematically for a longer period. The whole process last approximately 30 seconds, both in adults as in youngsters.